日本1920年代的Moga——1920s Japanese Modern Girls

昨夜偶爾翻看到一些日本1920年代的時髦小姐們，被驚豔到了，今天趕快來和大家分享一下。之前我們介紹過1920年美國的Flapper輕俏女，在大洋彼岸的日本也同時有著這一股風潮。（參看本站《上世紀時尚》專題，付費內容哦）

Modern girls (also shortened to "moga") were Japanese women who followed Westernized fashions and lifestyles in the 1920s. These moga were Japan's equivalent of America's flappers, India's kallege ladki, Germany's neue Frauen, France's garçonnes.

摩登女孩們，短稱：Moga，是日本1920年追隨西方潮流的一些年輕女孩的暱稱，在美國就叫Flappers（輕俏女），在印度叫做：kallege ladki，德國叫做新女性，法國叫做：女孩們。

By viewing her through a Japanese vs Western lens, the nationalist press could use the modern girl archetype to blame such failings as frivolity, sexual promiscuity, and selfishness on foreign influence.The period was characterized by the emergence of working class young women with access to money and consumer goods.

通過觀察她們可以了解日本和西方的交融，民族主義者可以利用Moga的典型例子去譴責這些輕浮，性濫交，自私，崇洋媚外的影響。這一時期的特點是工人階級的年輕女性獲得金錢和消費品。

Using aristocratic culture as their standard of Japaneseness, the critics of the modern girl condemned her working class traits as "unnatural" for Japanese. Modern girls were depicted as living in the cities, being financially and emotionally independent, choosing their own suitors, and apathetic towards politics. The woman's magazine was a novelty at this time and the modern girl was the model consumer, someone more often found in advertisements for cosmetics and fashion than in real life. The all-female Takarazuka Revue, established in 1914, and the novel Naomi (1924) are outstanding examples of modern girl culture.

使用貴族文化 作為標準的日本人，Moga的出現被評論家譴責她的工人階級的特質為日本「非自然」現象。摩登女孩子們居住在城市中，經濟上和情感上獨立，選擇自己的追求 和對政治的冷漠。女性雜誌在那時期是新穎的，摩登女孩產生了新型消費，不過在廣告中，摩登女孩的形象比在生活中更多見。全女性的寶冢歌劇團，成立於 1914，和小說《內奧米》（1924）是Moga文化突出的例子。

Actress Otowa Takiko 音羽瀧子 in Gofuku anaori 呉服穴織 play - Takarazuka kageki 寶塚歌劇 (Takarazuka Revue) - Japan - January 1923

Takarazuka shoujo kageki 寶塚少女歌劇 (Takarazuka girls) - Japan - 1930s

寶塚少女歌劇団 Hikari Shizuko 光靜子 Seo Hayami 瀬尾はやみ - 1930s

Modern Girls were completely independent, both financially and emotionally. They would work service industry styled jobs and live on their own, not dependent on family. They smoked, watched movies, and hung out at the cafes. They were sexually liberated, choosing their own suitors. Many of them participated in casual sex. In a 1928 short story by Kataoka Teppei, a young typist dates three "modern boys" at the same time.She is described as decadent, hedonistic, and superficial.

摩登女孩都是完全獨立的，財政和感情上。她們在服務行業工作，生活在她們自己的風格裡，不依賴家庭。她們抽菸，看電影，在咖啡館消磨時間。她們性解放，選擇自己的追求者，許多人性開放。在1928年的短片中，一個年輕的打字員同時和三個「現代男孩」約會，她是頹廢的，快樂的，膚淺的。

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