很多備考雅思的同學在練習雅思寫作的過程中難免會因為無詞無句而抱怨沒有寫作內容。的確，雅思作文開頭句式單一已成為很多同學的通病。因此，新東方網綜合整理了淺析「it」在雅思寫作中的應用，以供各位考生考試複習參考,希望對考生複習有所幫助。願大家都能取得好成績，更多有關留學考試的資訊與輔導資料敬請關注新東方網留學考試頻道。
形式主語;
(一)什麼是形式主語
作為形式主語的it並無實際語義，是為滿足語法上的需要，避免句子頭重腳輕，它代替的是句子的邏輯主語。
(二)形式主語it所在的句型類別
1、作不定式的形式主語
(1)句型
It; is; +; a; pity/a; pleasure; +; to; do; sth.
It; is; +; wrong/right/wise/cruel/naughty/selfish; +; of; sb.; +; to; do; sth.
It; is; +; necessary/hard/important/difficult/possible/common; +; for; sb.; +; to; do; sth.
(2)雅思範文寫作實例
A.; Beyond; this，; it; is; also; of; paramount; importance; to; use; theaters; and; museums; as; the：「social; classroom」; of; culture; and; history; education.
B.; I; think; it; is; by; no; means; pointless，; in; any; way，; to; try; to; keep; traditions; alive; with; technology.; (Cambridge; 3，; P162，; Task; 2)
C.; It; is; difficult; to; say; who; has; the; right; to; judge; whether; children; working; is：「wrong」; or：「valuable」.; (Cambridge; 3，; P164，; Task; 2)
D.; …，; it; is; important; to; remember; that; children; need; to; develop; skills; other; than; intellectual; ones; and; … (Cambridge; 3，; P168，; Task; 2)
E.; Finally，; I; think; that; it; is; also; important; to; remember; that; children; need; to; relax; as; well; as; work; … (Cambridge; 3，; P168，; Task; 2)
F.; Because; people; interpret; happiness; for; themselves; in; so; many; different; ways，; it; is; difficult; to; give; ang; definition; that; is; true; for; everyone.; (Cambridge; 4，; P165，; Task; 2)
G.; It; is; quite; common; these; days; for; young; people; in; many; countries; to; have; a; break; for; studying; after; graduation; from; high; school.; (Cambridge; 5，; P165，; Task; 2)
H.; They; may; think; that; it; is; better; to; continue; in; a; particular; job，; or; to; do; sth; completely; different; from; from; a; university; course.; (Cambridge; 5，; P165，; Task; 2)
據本人統計，劍橋官方的雅思真題(劍3—劍8)幾乎每一篇Task2考官範文中，都有所使用，甚至在有的文章中出現三次之多。
(3)學生寫作實例
實例 1：Many; people，; if; not; most，; are; strong; believer; in; the; claim; that; regard; children; go; to; work; as; completely; wrong，while; others; hold; the; opposite; opinion.
修改建議：it; is; completely; wrong; for; children; to; go; to; work.
實例2：They; have; to; complete; their; homework; conscientiously; within; limited; time; and; difficult; to; discover; the; problems; in; studies.
修改建議：thus; it; is; difficult; to; discover; their; problems; in; study.
實例3：College; graduates; are; difficult; to; find; jobs.
修改建議：It; is; difficult; for; college; graduates; to; find; jobs.
實例4：Parents; realise; the; needs; of; their; children; is; extremely; important.
修改建議：It; is; extremely; important; for; parents; to; realise; the; needs; of; their; children.
It; is; extremely; important; that; parents; realise; the; needs; of; their; children.
2、作動名詞的形式主語
(1)句型
It; is; +; (no); use/good/useless/a; waste; of; time/energy/efforts; +; doing; sth.
It; is; +; good/useless/hard/foolish/enjoyable/worthwhile; +; doing; sth.
(2)雅思範文寫作實例
A.; For; instance，; children; usually; pay; attention; to; match; their; clothing; and; toys; ; in; fact，; it; is; really; worth; competing; thing; that; their; study; is; being; ignored.
B.; Some; parents; believe; that; it; is; no; use; having; second; education; for; their; kids.
(3)學生作文實例
實例：Particular; countries; and; individuals; deals; with; environmental; issues; are; no; use.
修改建議：It; is; no; use; dealing; with; environmental; issues; by; particular; countries; and; indivuduals.
3、作主語從句的形式主語
(1)句型
It; is; +; (adj); n./(adv.); adj./(adv.)v-ed; +; that……
It; +; seems/happens/appears/matters//strikes/occurs(突然想起); +; that……
It; is; +; said/reported/believed/(universally/widely); accepted/announced/estimated/acknowledged; +; that……
It; +; must; be; admitted/stressed; out; +; that…/It; +; cannot; be; denied; +; that………/It; +; can; be; foreseen; +; that……
It; +; goes; without; saying; +; that…
(2)雅思範文實例
A.; It; is; an; understandable; fact; that; many; employers; may; prefer; to; use; the; services; of; children; simply; to; save; money; by; paying; them; less; than; adults; and; it; is; this; type; of; exploitation; tht; should; be; discouraged.; (Cambridge; 3，; P164，; Task; 2)
B.; Admittedly，; it; is; common; sense; that; a; person; without; cooperative; spirit; will; be; difficult; to; survive; in; the; modern; society.
C.; Unfortunately，; it; is; not; always; the; case; that; new; things; are; promoted; because; they; have; good; impacts; for; the; majority; of; people.; (Cambridge; 6，; P168，; Task; 2)
D.; It; is; clear; from; the; data; given; that; there; are; some; significant; differences; in; spending; habits; in; Europe.; (Cambridge; 3，; P161，; Task; 1)
E.; It; goes; without; saying; that; it; pays; to; keep; early; hours.
F.; Take; holding; an; Olympic; games; as; an; example，; it; is; no; doubt; it; will; take; millions; of; money; to; build; stadiums.
G.; A; more; dramatic; rise; is; predicted; between; 2030; and; 2040; in; Japan，; by; which; time; it; is; thought; that; the; proportion; of; elderly; people; will; be; similar; in; the; three; countries.; (Cambridge; 5，; P162，; Task; 1)
H.; It; seems; that; the; experiences; we; have; in; life; are; so; unpredictable; and; so; powerful，; that; they; can; boost; or; overide; other; influences，; … (Cambridge; 5，; P169，; Task; 2)
(3)學生寫作實例
實例1：It; is; quite; obvious/evident /apparent; that; the; quantity; of; families; who; tends; to; go; outside; and; infuse; fresh; oxygen; into; their; lungs; is; growing; steadily.
實例 2：It; is; universally; acknowledged; that; the; best; way; to; arouse; people『s; love; to; our; nature，; who; has; devoted; herself; too; much; to; human; being’s; development; while; has; received; barely; anything; till; now，; is; to; let; them; see; the; beauty; of; hers; by; themselves.
這是XVCC23強化班裡一位基礎較好的學生的寫作實例，其中的語法、措辭方面的錯誤已經進行了修改。
實例3：Clearly，; rush; hours; emerges; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; (in; the); early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London.
修改建議：這個句子的結構應該是無可厚非的(語法就不說啦)，但是，按照雅思評分的標準，句式稍微做一下調整，會更漂亮： 如：It; is; clear; that; rush; hours; emerge; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; in; the; early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London. 或者改成 It; is; demonstrated; that; rush; hours; emerge; in; the; early; morning; as; well; as; in; the; early; evening; which; is; most; busy/the; busiest; in; a; day; as; a; whole; in; London. 這樣一個小小的調整，其句子修改前後的效果是顯而易見的。
(三)it作形式主語的特徵分析
根據以上對it作形式主語的句型結構的解析，對雅思寫作範文、尤其是官方考官範文的分析，以及對學生寫作過程中出現的it使用狀況的詳細解讀可知： 相比較於名詞性從句、定語從句、狀語從句的複雜性和多邊性，it作為形式主語的句式結構可謂簡明扼要，學生掌握起來應該說是得心應手的。
(四)不能正確使用it形式主語的原因
在信息編排時，英語句子遵循「end; focus」的原則，即舊信息在前，新信息在後 「old; information+new; information」; 但是，當句子主語結構較長，容易使句子產生「head; weight」的感覺時， 句子結構則遵循「end; weight」的原則，即，把較長的主語全部置於句子尾部。前面空掉的主語位置用it來代替，擔當形式主語的功能。
而漢語並不具有這類明顯的特徵，學生對英漢兩種語言結構差異知之甚少，或者略有所知，在真正的運用中，也未必能夠正確的體現出來。多數學生都本著漢語式的思維，一遇到「某人做某事是怎麼樣的/是什麼」就習慣性地寫成t"
三、總結;
建議學生在雅思學習中，採取步步為營的四步走戰略戰術，循序漸進：首先，記住句型結構; 其次，模仿寫作; 之後，進行獨立創作; 最後，形成屬於自己的 模板句型。作為雅思寫作學習中可控制的因素，我們可以培養句式運用的習慣，使習慣稱為自然。為了我們雅思的學習這個努力是值得 的，it; pays; in; the; long; run.
編輯推薦：新東方教師解析劍10
雅思考試評分標準對照表
全國雅思考場查詢
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（編輯：秦潔）