windows下python 3.9 Numpy scipy和matlabplot的安裝

學習python過程中想使用python的matlabplot繪圖功能，遇到了一大批問題，然後一路過關斬將，最終安裝成功，實為不易，發帖留念。

1 首先打開cmd

win+r

2 pip安裝

pip3 install --user numpy scipy matplotlib

–user 選項可以設置只安裝在當前的用戶下，而不是寫入到系統目錄。默認情況使用國外線路，國外太慢，我們使用清華的鏡像就可以:

pip3 install numpy scipy matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

如何網絡不好，我們可以挨個單獨安裝

pip3 install numpy s -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

pip3 install scipy -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

pip3 install matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

3 安裝matlabplot時遇到錯誤：

Using legacy 'setup.py install' for matplotlib, since package 'wheel' is not installed.
Installing collected packages: matplotlib
Running setup.py install for matplotlib ... error
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
command: 'c:\users\diouf.guo\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\python.exe' -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'C:\\Users\\Diouf.Guo\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-thjn2jbc\\matplotlib\\setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'C:\\Users\\Diouf.Guo\\AppData\\Local\\Temp\\pip-install-thjn2jbc\\matplotlib\\setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' install --record 'C:\Users\Diouf.Guo\AppData\Local\Temp\pip-record-kay5nve4\install-record.txt' --single-version-externally-managed --compile --install-headers 'c:\users\diouf.guo\appdata\local\programs\python\python39\Include\matplotlib'

查看自己的python版本：

Python 3.9.0 (tags/v3.9.0:9cf6752, Oct 5 2020, 15:34:40) [MSC v.1927 64 bit (AMD64)] on win32 Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license()" for more information.

我的python是3.9 AMD64

在https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/網站找到worldcould

選著自己相應的.whl下載。我的選：

wordcloud-1.8.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl

然後回到cmd

4 安裝

pip install wordcloud-1.8.0-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl

5 再次出現錯誤

Using legacy 'setup.py install' for matplotlib, since package 'wheel' is not installed.

直接安裝wheel

pip install wheel

6 再次安裝matlabplot

pip3 install matplotlib -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

不成功

7 在https://www.lfd.uci.edu/~gohlke/pythonlibs/找到matlabplot

下載後安裝，

pip3 install matplotlib-3.3.2-cp39-cp39-win_amd64.whl

顯示安裝成功，趕緊找個程序來試一下：

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt

x = np.arange(1,11)
y = 2 * x + 5
plt.title("Matplotlib demo")
plt.xlabel("x axis caption")
plt.ylabel("y axis caption")
plt.plot(x,y)
plt.show()

安裝成功，一波五折