研究揭示小鼠祖B細胞抗體重鏈基因位點收縮和V(D)J重組的調控機制
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2021/1/15 15:39:01
哈佛大學醫學院/波士頓兒童醫院的 Frederick W. Alt、戴海強等人發現,染色質環擠出介導生理Igh基因座收縮以實現RAG重排。2021年1月13日,國際學術期刊《自然》在線發表了這一成果。
研究人員發現小鼠原代祖細胞中在基因座收縮仍然發生的情況下,2.4 Mb VH完整基因座的倒置消除了VH- JH重組信號序列(RSSs)和cryptic RSS重排。此外,這種翻轉作用激活了沿相反方向cryptic VH-RSS的利用,也激活了RAG掃描,通過幾個聚合CTCF結合元件(CBE)結構域到達端粒VH基因座之外。
總而言之,這些發現暗示了祖B細胞中CBE障礙的廣泛失控促進了染色質環擠出介導的VH基因座RAG掃描。研究進一步發現,與缺乏收縮和RAG掃描的v-Abl轉化祖B細胞系相比,cohesin釋放因子WAPL在小鼠原代祖B細胞中表達非常低。相應地,在v-Abl轉化細胞系中WAPL缺失激活了這兩個過程,進一步證明了染色質環擠出在基因座收縮中的功能。
研究人員表示,RAG核酸內切酶通過結合重組中心(RC)內的JH-RSS,併線性掃描上遊染色質(由cohesin介導的染色質環擠出)以聚合D-RSS,從而在前體B細胞中驅動Igh V(D)J重組。融合定向RSS和cryptic RSS是遠程RAG掃描的固有屬性。從DJH-RC-RSS到上遊收斂VH-RSS的RAG掃描受近端D-CBE的阻礙。前體B細胞經歷了VH基因座的不穩定收縮,該收縮為遠端VHs進入DJH-RC提供了便利。
附:英文原文
Title: Loop extrusion mediates physiological Igh locus contraction for RAG scanning
Author: Hai-Qiang Dai, Hongli Hu, Jiangman Lou, Adam Yongxin Ye, Zhaoqing Ba, Xuefei Zhang, Yiwen Zhang, Lijuan Zhao, Hye Suk Yoon, Aimee M. Chapdelaine-Williams, Nia Kyritsis, Huan Chen, Kerstin Johnson, Sherry Lin, Andrea Conte, Rafael Casellas, Cheng-Sheng Lee, Frederick W. Alt
Issue&Volume: 2021-01-13
Abstract: RAG endonuclease initiates Igh V(D)J recombination in progenitor B cells by binding a JH-recombination signal sequence (RSS) within a recombination centre (RC) and then linearly scanning upstream chromatin, presented by loop extrusion mediated by cohesin, for convergent D-RSSs1,2. The utilization of convergently oriented RSSs and cryptic RSSs is intrinsic to long-range RAG scanning3. Scanning of RAG from the DJH-RC-RSS to upstream convergent VH-RSSs is impeded by D-proximal CTCF-binding elements (CBEs)2,3,4,5. Primary progenitor B cells undergo a mechanistically undefined contraction of the VH locus that is proposed to provide distal VHs access to the DJH-RC6,7,8,9. Here we report that an inversion of the entire 2.4-Mb VH locus in mouse primary progenitor B cells abrogates rearrangement of both VH-RSSs and normally convergent cryptic RSSs, even though locus contraction still occurs. In addition, this inversion activated both the utilization of cryptic VH-RSSs that are normally in opposite orientation and RAG scanning beyond the VH locus through several convergent CBE domains to the telomere. Together, these findings imply that broad deregulation of CBE impediments in primary progenitor B cells promotes RAG scanning of the VH locus mediated by loop extrusion. We further found that the expression of wings apart-like protein homologue (WAPL)10, a cohesin-unloading factor, was low in primary progenitor B cells compared with v-Abl-transformed progenitor B cell lines that lacked contraction and RAG scanning of the VH locus. Correspondingly, depletion of WAPL in v-Abl-transformed lines activated both processes, further implicating loop extrusion in the locus contraction mechanism.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03121-7
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03121-7