在英語裡,如果here, there, down, up, back和off等副詞在句首,可能要用倒裝句。如:
我的朋友在那邊。
My friends are over there.
Over there are my friends.
我們下面有一個美麗的山谷。
A beautiful valley lay/was below us.
Below us lay/was a beautiful valley.
彼得又上去了。
Peter goes up again.
Up goes Peter again.
湯姆一句話也沒說就走了。
Tom went off without saying a word.
Off went Tom without saying a word.
城堡矗立在山上。
The castle stands on a hill.
On a hill stands the castle.
孩子們從藏身處出來。
The children came out from their hiding place.
Out from their hiding place came the children.
但是對這類倒裝句,需要我們注意以下幾點:
一、這些副詞一般與方向方位有關。
二、謂語是表示位置移動的動詞,如come, go, fly, lie, stand等動詞或系動詞be:
三、副詞在句首,謂語動詞在主語前,不添加助動詞do或be。
四、如果主語不是名詞,而是人稱代詞,謂語動詞不倒裝:
所以「他來了。」
一定不要說:Here comes he.
正確的表達是:Here he come.
更多例子:
On a hill it stands.
它矗立在山上。
Off he went without saying a word.
他一句話也沒說就走了。
Out from their hiding place they came.
他們從藏身處出來。
Up we went to the twenty-first floor.
我們上了21樓。
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