過去完成時表示某個動作或狀態發生在過去的過去,與現在無關,由had+動詞的過去分詞構成。
1.表示在過去某一時間之前已經結束的動作或狀態。
Suddenly he realized how much they had both changed.
She had made some friends by this time.
2.表示動作或狀態在過去某一時間之前已經開始,持續到這一過去時間,仍有可能繼續下去,常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。
They had known each other for a long time before their marriage.
By the end of last month,he had studied English for 6 months.
3.表示過去未實現的希望、打算,常用的動詞有hope, except, think, intend, mean, suppose,want等。
I had hoped that your univerdity could grant me scholarship.
He had intended to help you,but his friends forbade him.