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第四期主題：性高潮
人類最奇特的體驗
興奮、喚起、高潮、消退
高潮時往往會失去控制
.
歡迎進入酷炫腦英語學習課堂之
《人類最神奇的體驗》
文字講義：
The human body is a wonder,
人體就是一個奇蹟。
But perhaps the most curious and quintessential aspect of the human experience is the orgasm.
而人類體驗中最奇特的也許就是性高潮了。
The body's sexual response is typically broken down in four stages, excitement, plateu of arousal, orgasm, and resolution.
性反應通常分為四個階段，興奮、喚起、高潮和消退。
Following arousal, the brain stimulates blood flow to the genitals, your heartbeat and breathing increase, and the central nervous system is fully engaged, sending signals of enjoyment to the brain's reward system.
在性喚起後，血液流向生殖器。你的心跳和呼吸速率增加，中樞神經系統完全興奮，將興奮信號發送到大腦的獎賞系統。
These thousands of nerve endings constantly relay pleasure signals to the brain, resulting in an orgasm.
成千上萬的神經末梢不停將愉悅信號傳遞給大腦，形成性高潮。
For men, the orgasm includes rapid contractions of the anal sphincter, the prostate, and the muscles of the penis.
對於男性來說，性高潮包括肛門括約肌、前列腺和陰莖肌肉的快速收縮。
In conjunction with ejaculation, which sees the release of sperm and other seminal fluid, the whole process for men involves around three to ten seconds of intense pleasure.
射精包括精子和其他體液的釋放，男性在整個高潮過程中能享受3－10秒的強烈愉悅。
This is followed by a refractory period for minutes to hours in which another orgasm cannot be achieved.
接下來的幾分鐘到幾個小時內是男性的不應期，這期間不能達到下一個性高潮。
Women, on the other hand, do not experience a refractory period, allowing them to experience multiple consecutive orgasms.
但女性是沒有不應期的，這使得女性能夠連續多次高潮。
On average, these last for around twenty seconds, though sometimes much longer.
平均而言，女性的高潮會持續大概二十秒左右，儘管有時時間長的多。
And consist of rhythmic contractions between the uterus, vagina, anus, and pelvic muscles.
女性高潮包括子宮，陰道，肛門和盆腔肌肉的節律性收縮。
But it's the brain that takes control or rather, lack thereof during orgasm.
但是歸根結底是大腦控制高潮，或者大腦的失控帶來高潮。
Using functional MRI scans, scientists are able to see brain activity in over 30 discreet regions.
通過功能性核磁共振掃面，研究者在超過三十個大腦區域觀察到和高潮有關的活動，
It's flooded with the anticipatory and feel-good chemical dopamine which makes you crave the feeling again.
這些大腦區域湧動著的讓你感覺良好、和預期有關的化學物質多巴胺，讓你渴望再次經歷這種感覺。
This is in tandem with the release of Oxycontin, a hormone that mediates bonding and love between mates.
這與催產素的釋放同時發生，催產素是一種調節配偶結合和戀愛的激素。
PET scans show surprisingly that brain activity during an orgasm is the same between men and women.
神奇的是，PET掃描顯示男性和女性在性高潮期間的大腦活動是相同的。
In both genders, the lateral orbitofrontal cortex is turned off which controls self-evaluation, reason, and control.
男女都在高潮時抑制了外側的眶額葉皮質，它負責控制自我評估，推理和自控。
Makes sense, as you often lose control during orgasm.
這很合理，因為你在高潮時往往失去控制。
This shuts down fear and anxiety, which is seen as the most essential aspect leading up to orgasm.
這也「關閉」了恐懼和焦慮，這被認為是導致性高潮最重要的因素。
The relaxation of the Amygdala and hippocampus in women further reduce emotions, producing a trance-like state, while in men, it dampens aggressiveness.
女性杏仁核和海馬體的放鬆又進一步削弱了情緒，催生了一種恍惚狀態。而在男性中，它抑制了侵略性。
Many areas of a woman's brain are shut down completely during an orgasm.
在性高潮時，女性大腦許多區域被完全「關閉」。
These effects are less striking in men, likely because of the shorter duration and difficulty with measuring during brain scan.
這些影響在男性中不太顯著，可能是因為高潮持續時間過短，使得腦掃描存在困難。
In women, an area called the periaqueductal gray or PAG is activated, stimulating the flight or fight response, while the cortex, which is associated with pain lights up, suggesting that there is a connection between pain and pleasure.
在女性中，稱為中腦導水管周圍灰質（PAG）的區域被激活，引起「戰鬥或逃跑」反應；而與疼痛相關的皮層亮起，表明疼痛與快感之間存在關聯。
Following this climax and muscle contraction, the body experiences deep relaxation and heart rate slows to a resting pace.
高潮和肌肉收縮之後，身體會深度放鬆，心率也會放慢到一個休息的速度。
Who knew science could be so sexy?
誰又知道科學是如此性感呢？
本文系網易新聞·網易號「各有態度」特色內容
翻譯 \ 蹦迪土撥鼠
編輯 \ Mandy
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