新冠病毒在美國一艘航空母艦的機組人員中迅速傳播
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/11/16 13:36:50
美國海軍內外科局Matthew R. Kasper團隊研究了一艘航空母艦上Covid-19的暴發情況。2020年11月11日，該研究發表在《新英格蘭醫學雜誌》上。
西奧多·羅斯福號航母是一艘擁有4779名人員的核動力航母。研究組獲得了所有機組人員的臨床和人口統計學數據，包括通過實時逆轉錄聚合酶鏈反應（rRT-PCR）進行檢測的結果。無論檢測結果如何或有無症狀，所有機組人員均接受至少10周的隨訪。
船員主要為年輕人（平均年齡27歲），總體身體健康，符合美國海軍海上職責標準。在疫情暴發過程中，有1271名機組人員（佔機組人員的26.6％）通過rRT-PCR檢測出SARS-CoV-2陽性，在首例實驗室確認感染後的5周內發現了1000多例感染。另外60名機組人員為Covid-19疑似患者，即符合Covid-19臨床標準，但病毒檢測為陰性。
在實驗室確診的機組人員中，有76.9％在檢測呈陽性時沒有任何症狀，而55.0％的人員在臨床過程中的某一時間點有症狀。在1331名疑似或確診Covid-19的機組人員中，有23人（1.7％）住院，4人（0.3％）接受重症監護，1人死亡。在密閉空間工作的船員似乎更容易受到感染。
總之，SARS-CoV-2在美國西奧多·羅斯福號航空母艦的機組人員中迅速傳播，該病毒檢測呈陽性的人員中將近一半沒有症狀。
附：英文原文
Title: An Outbreak of Covid-19 on an Aircraft Carrier
Author: Matthew R. Kasper, Ph.D.,, Jesse R. Geibe, M.D.,, Christine L. Sears, M.D.,, Asha J. Riegodedios, M.S.P.H.,, Tina Luse, M.P.H.,, Annette M. Von Thun, M.D.,, Michael B. McGinnis, M.D.,, Niels Olson, M.D.,, Daniel Houskamp, M.D.,, Robert Fenequito, M.D.,, Timothy H. Burgess, M.D.,, Adam W. Armstrong, M.D.,, Gerald DeLong, Ph.D.,, Robert J. Hawkins, Ph.D.,, and Bruce L. Gillingham, M.D.
Issue&Volume: 2020-11-11
Abstract:
BACKGROUND
An outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) occurred on the U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt, a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier with a crew of 4779 personnel.
METHODS
We obtained clinical and demographic data for all crew members, including results of testing by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR). All crew members were followed up for a minimum of 10 weeks, regardless of test results or the absence of symptoms.
RESULTS
The crew was predominantly young (mean age, 27 years) and was in general good health, meeting U.S. Navy standards for sea duty. Over the course of the outbreak, 1271 crew members (26.6% of the crew) tested positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection by rRT-PCR testing, and more than 1000 infections were identified within 5 weeks after the first laboratory-confirmed infection. An additional 60 crew members had suspected Covid-19 (i.e., illness that met Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists clinical criteria for Covid-19 without a positive test result). Among the crew members with laboratory-confirmed infection, 76.9% (978 of 1271) had no symptoms at the time that they tested positive and 55.0% had symptoms develop at any time during the clinical course. Among the 1331 crew members with suspected or confirmed Covid-19, 23 (1.7%) were hospitalized, 4 (0.3%) received intensive care, and 1 died. Crew members who worked in confined spaces appeared more likely to become infected.
CONCLUSIONS
SARS-CoV-2 spread quickly among the crew of the U.S.S. Theodore Roosevelt. Transmission was facilitated by close-quarters conditions and by asymptomatic and presymptomatic infected crew members. Nearly half of those who tested positive for the virus never had symptoms.
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2019375
Source: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa2019375