* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式，《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列，這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升，並樹立英語思維；* 推薦的閱讀的方法是：先原文，適當看解析閱讀，還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註，如果需要了解Dictcom音標，請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數8.0，由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
#眨眼漲知識#
【編者按】今天講的是有關於籃球、運動及大腦的內容。
How are humans able to correctly predict the strength needed and accurate trajectory of objects such as shooting a basketball or throwing a baseball?【譯】人類如何才能正確地預測所需的力量和物體的精確軌跡，例如籃球投籃或者投擲棒球的時候？【短語】such as 比如，例如；例句：I know many of them, such as John, Peter, and Tom. 我認識他們當中的很多人，例如約翰、彼得和湯姆。【單詞】correctly [kuh-'rekt][k'rektli] adv. 正確地；恰當地【單詞】predict [pri-'dikt][pr'dkt] v. 預言；預報；預知；預測【單詞】strength [strengkth, strength, strenth][streθ] n. 力氣；強度；力量【單詞】accurate ['ak-yer-it]['kjrt] adj. 準確的；精確的【單詞】trajectory [truh-'jek-tuh-ree][tr'dektri] n. 軌道；彈道；軌跡【單詞】objects 原型：object ['ob-jikt, -jekt]['bdkt] n. 物體；目標；對象【單詞】shooting 原型：shoot [shoot][ut] v. 這裡指籃球運動中的「投籃」【單詞】basketball ['bas-kit-bawl, 'bah-skit-]['bɑsktbl] n. 籃球【單詞】throwing 原型：throw [throh][θr] v. 扔；投；擲；拋【單詞】baseball ['beys-bawl]['besbl] n. 棒球，壘球
I studied this stuff in university.【譯】我在大學裡學過這個東西。【單詞】stuff [stuhf][stf] n. 東西；原料；材料
We do not make the sort of calculations that you would do in a science class.【譯】我們不會像你在科學課上那樣做計算。【單詞】calculations 原型：calculation [kal-kyuh-'ley-shuhn][klkju'len] n. 計算；估計；深思熟慮【單詞】science ['sahy-uhns]['sans] n. 科學；學科；理科；自然科學
Instead, we use a variety of clever shortcuts, including so-called "muscle memory" and also including perceptual tricks like "if the ball moves against the visual background in this way, then it's going to travel in that trajectory."【譯】相反，我們使用了各種巧妙的捷徑，包括所謂的「肌肉記憶」，也包括感知技巧，比如「如果球以這種方式在視覺背景下移動，那麼它將沿著該軌跡運動」【短語】a variety of …… 各種各樣的…，種種；例句：The department store carries a variety of leather shoes. 這家百貨商店經銷各種皮鞋。【用法】instead 單獨在句首或句尾表示「相反的是」，「代之的是」；例：Instead, a dog has to pant to keep cool. 狗只能通過喘氣來保持涼快。【單詞】variety [vuh-'rahy-i-tee][v'rati] n. 多樣；種類；多樣化【單詞】clever ['klev-er]['klev] adj. 聰明的；靈巧的【單詞】shortcuts 原型：shortcut ['shawrt-kuht]['tkt] n. 捷徑；近路；快捷鍵【單詞】so-called ['soh-'kawld][s kld] adj. <貶>號稱的；所謂的【單詞】muscle ['muhs-uhl]['msl] n. 肌肉【單詞】memory ['mem-uh-ree]['memri] n. 記憶力；回憶；記憶【單詞】perceptual [per-'sep-choo-uhl][p'septul] adj. 感性的；知覺的【單詞】tricks 原型：trick [trik][trk] n. 詭計；花招；把戲；訣竅【單詞】visual ['vizh-oo-uhl]['vul] adj. 視覺的；視力的；的；形象的【單詞】background ['bak-ground]['bkɡrand] n. 背景；經歷；幕後；【單詞】travel ['trav-uhl]['trvl] v. 移動，快速移動
Muscle memory, and practice.【譯】肌肉記憶和練習。
Source: I'm really good at calculations, but play basketball once every 2 years and can only make 1 in 10 shots from 3-point range, on average.【譯】資料來源：我真的很擅長計算，但是每兩年打一次籃球，因此在三分線範圍內投籃平均只能投中十分之一。【單詞】shots 原型：shot [shot][t] n. 投籃【單詞】average ['av-er-ij, 'av-rij]['vrd] n. 平均數；平均水平 adj. 平均的；一般的；通常的
Humans are really good at pattern recognition.【譯】人類非常擅長模式識別。【單詞】pattern ['pat-ern]['ptn] n. 模式；圖案；典範；式樣【單詞】recognition [rek-uhg-'nish-uhn][rekɡ'nn] n. 承認；認出；識別
Even if we have never tried to shoot a basket before, chances are we've at least handled something of similar weight and profile.【譯】即使我們以前從未嘗試過投籃，但我們至少弄過類似重量和外形的東西。【短語】at least 至少；例句：At least, I asked him not to. 至少，我告訴過他不要這樣做。【詞法】even if是「即使，縱然」的意思，為連詞，用於引導讓步狀語從句。如：Even if it rains tomorrow, we won't change our plan. 即使明天下雨，我們也決不改變計劃。【單詞】basket ['bas-kit, 'bah-skit]['bɑskt] n. 籃；筐【單詞】handled 原型：handle ['han-dl]['hndl] v. 處理；對待；操作；觸；買賣【單詞】weight [weyt][wet] n. 重量【單詞】profile ['proh-fahyl]['prfal] n. 側面；輪廓；形象；簡介
Gravity itself acts consistently and predictably, so even if the object in question is different, we can get an approximation of how much force we might need, and how to aim it.【譯】引力本身的作用是一致的和可預測的，所以即使所討論的物體是不同的，我們也可以想到我們大約需要用多大的力氣，以及如何瞄準（籃筐）。【單詞】Gravity 原型：gravity ['grav-i-tee]['ɡrvti] n. 重力【單詞】consistently [kuhn-'sis-tuhnt-lee][kn'sstntl] adv. 一致地；始終如一地【單詞】predictably [pri-'dik-tuh-buhl][prdktbli] adv. 可預言地；不出所料地【單詞】approximation [uh-prok-suh-'mey-shuhn][prks'men] n. 接近；近似；近似值【單詞】aim [eym][em] vt. 瞄準；針對 vi. 瞄準；旨在；致力
Of course, that may not be entirely accurate, as I'm sure you've experienced trying to lifting something that was way heavier or lighter than you expected.【譯】當然，可能投得不太準，因為我相信你有過嘗試舉起比你預期的更重或更輕的東西的經歷。【短語】of course 當然【語法】lighter than 形容詞或副詞比較級 + than，是「比……更……」的意思；例句：He is younger than me. 他比我（更）年輕。He runs faster than me. 他比我跑得（更）快。【單詞】entirely [en-'tahyuhr-lee][n'tali] adv. 完全地；全部地【單詞】lifting 原型：lift [lift][lft] vt. 舉起，提升【單詞】heavier 原型：heavy 形容詞比較級 ['hev-ee]['hevi] adj. 大(量)的；重的；沉重的；猛烈的
It could also just be luck.【譯】也可能只是運氣。【單詞】luck [luhk][lk] n. 運氣；幸運；僥倖
I've seen plenty of people take their very first whatever in things and fail catastrophically as well.【譯】我見過很多人在任何事情上都會一事無成，也會遭遇災難性的失敗。【單詞】plenty ['plen-tee]['plenti] n. 豐富；大量；充足【單詞】fail [feyl][fel] vi. 失敗；沒做成某事；表現欠佳【單詞】catastrophically [kat-uh-'strof-ik][kt'strfk] adj. 災難的；災難性的
It doesn't do any calculation and yes all has to do with muscle memory.【譯】沒有任何計算，是的，都與肌肉記憶有關。【單詞】calculation [kal-kyuh-'ley-shuhn][klkju'len] n. 計算；估計；深思熟慮
Practice practice practice, doing a task over and over and over again is what makes your brain good at doing it and knowing when it needs a little extra or a little less.【譯】練習-練習-練習，一次又一次地做一個任務是讓你的大腦擅長做它，並知道什麼時候它需要多一點或少一點（力氣或角度）。【短語】take over 表示「接管；接收」。如：I intend you to take over. 我打算讓你來接管。【單詞】task [task, tahsk][tɑsk] n. 任務；工作【單詞】brain [breyn][bren] n. 腦；大腦【單詞】extra ['ek-struh]['ekstr] adj. 額外的；adv. 特別地
It's all about practice and repetition.【譯】都是練習和重複。【單詞】repetition [rep-i-'tish-uhn][rep'tn] n. 重複；反覆
About landing shot on first try, yes, many people get lucky, many people also miss on their first try.【譯】關於第一次試投籃，是的，很多人運氣好，很多人也第一次沒投進。【單詞】landing ['lan-ding]['lnd] 動詞land的現在分詞，這裡指投籃【單詞】shot 原型：shoot [shoot][ut] v. 投籃【單詞】lucky ['luhk-ee]['lki] adj. 幸運的；帶來好運的
That's just your brain making a guess based on other things it's done.【譯】那只是你的大腦根據它所做的其他事情來猜測。【單詞】guess [ges][ɡes] n. 猜測；猜想【單詞】based on 基於……