說起 「上火」 這個詞,國內的小夥伴們一定不陌生,可是要把它介紹給外國朋友,就犯了難了,因為無論如何解釋,似乎都很難讓對方get到其中的奧義,更何況這個極具中國特色的詞要跨文化解釋本來就極其複雜了。
(via 微博用戶 @inno巧克力)
「上火」 這個詞我們經常會聽到,但細細琢磨起來還真是一種神奇的存在。雖然小編我也不知道具體是什麼,但是看到這個詞我就自動開啟口乾舌燥、咽喉腫痛、臉上冒痘的感同身受模式。
先來看看這個詞的中文解釋吧:
「上火」 為民間俗語,又稱「熱氣」,可以從中醫理論解釋,屬於中醫熱症範疇。中醫認為人體陰陽失衡,內火旺盛,即會上火。因此所謂的「火」是形容身體內某些熱性的症狀,而上火也就是人體陰陽失衡後出現的內熱症候,具體症狀如眼睛紅腫、口角糜爛、尿黃、牙痛、咽喉痛等。
(▲via 百度百科)
可是這個詞用英語又要如何表達呢,up fire? 別鬧了!看看下面這位知乎網友的慘痛經歷吧:
求這位外教的心理陰影面積……
再看下面這位網友,似乎給出了一個支持率較高的答案: yeet hay !
也有一些朋友傾向於使用inner heat,小編我覺得也是蠻貼切的。
(via 微博用戶 @Real麥克老師)
所以用英文表達「上火」,我們可以說yeet hay 或者inner heat, 那麼這個詞用英語到底要怎麼解釋才能準確的表達其中的意思呢?
一些與中國和亞洲文化相關的網站有一些對 「上火」 的介紹,我們一起來看看吧!
「Don’t eat so many French fries! It’s yeet hay.」
「You have a sore throat? Acne? You must be yeet hay! Let me make you some herbal tea.」
Any Chinese person has probably been told this as a kid by their parents and relatives at some point in there lives. The term 「yeet hay」 can refer to foods that are fried and greasy like chips, fries, burgers or hot and spicy like chilies and curry. However, 「yeet hay」 can also be used to describe how a person is feeling after consuming these types of foods. The symptoms of 「yeet hay」 include sore throat, acne, lethargy, and mouth sores.
(▲ via nextshark.com)
別吃太多薯條,容易上火!
嗓子疼?長痘了?你上火啦!快喝點涼茶吧!
想必這兩句話大家都應該挺熟悉吧,別問我怎麼知道的,誰不是在這樣的關 (lao) 愛 (dao)中長大的! 「上火」這個詞既可以用來表達一些油炸類或者比較油膩吃了容易導致上火的食物,例如薯片、薯條、漢堡、辣椒等,也可以用來表達吃了這些食物後導致的症狀,例如嗓子疼,爆痘,疲倦和口腔潰瘍等。
(Photo via neehao.co.uk)
In a nutshell, 「yeet hay」 is referring to the fact that there is Yin and Yang in food and anything which is too 「hot」 (or 「cold」) is bad for you.
Chinese belief divides all food into 「hot」 or 「cold」. When there is too much 「hot」 energy in your body, your body is 「out of balance」 and you have 「yeet hay」 – which makes you ill. Crispy or fried foods, beef, chilies and peppers are considered 「hot」 foods, while soy beans, lettuce and oranges are considered 「cool」 foods. According to Chinese beliefs, an imbalance of 「hot」 and 「cold」 in the body is thought to cause sickness. A healthy person is in good balance between cold and heat. When a person eats too many 「hot」 foods, there is a hot imbalance called 「yeet-hay.」
Lack of sleep can also bring on 「yeet hay」. The symptoms of yeet hay can vary. If you are only a little yeet hay, you may have a sore throat and a breakout in spots. If you are very yeet hay, then you may have mouth ulcers and nose bleeds.
(▲ via neehao.co.uk)
如果用食物的陰陽兩性來解釋的話,那就是吃太多熱性或涼性的東西都不利於健康。
吃了過多熱性食物後,體內的冷熱平衡被打破,你的身體便會出現一些不適,這就是 「上火」了。一般油炸類或者比較辛辣的食物被認為比較容易導致上火。
睡眠不足也可能會導致「上火」。再者,「上火」的症狀也不盡相同,輕度的「上火」一般會出現咽喉腫痛或者爆幾顆痘痘,嚴重一點的可能就會口腔潰瘍甚至流鼻血了。
A lot of modern Chinese people, having grown up in the western world, do not believe in the concept of 「yeet hay」. In fact some of the 「modern」 Chinese youth believe that the whole concept of 「yeet hay」 is a control mechanism by Chinese parents to stop them from eating junk food. Coincidentally everything that is tasty – pizzas, coca-cola, chocolate etc is all yeet hay, whilst everything that is not yeet hay is not very tasty – basically – vegetables and rice!
The main contention is that many people in the western world who eat hot and spicy foods don’t get sick at all. Indeed, a lot of people would call the whole concept of 「yeet hay」 a myth as there is no scientific basis in saying that all spicy foods can make you sick.
(▲ via neehao.co.uk)
然而現在,中國的一些年輕人,尤其是一些在西方文化背景下長大的年輕人,對「上火」這個概念並不怎麼感冒。甚至一些人認為這個詞是父母用來阻止他們吃垃圾食品的藉口。畢竟那些披薩、碳酸飲料、巧克力之類可口的食物在父母口中都是會導致「上火」的,除了這些好像只有蔬菜、大米飯能吃了,然而根本忍不住啊!
更詭異的是西方人不是整天薯條、漢堡來著嗎,怎麼他們就不「上火」呢?
說了這麼多關於「上火」的事情,那麼外國朋友到底能明白嗎?他們又是怎麼看的呢?下面這些外國朋友就在知乎上分享了他們對「上火」這種神奇存在的看法:
@David Rand
@Negar Kordi
你以為這就完了?怎麼會!我大中華的文化豈是如此就能輕易破解的。「上火」 這件小事仔細探究起來玄機簡直不要太深啊,什麼心火、肺火、胃火、肝火、腎火,還有實火、虛火,多了去了,感興趣的朋友歡迎來留言區深入挑戰一下。
「上火」,你怕了嗎?