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Spanish flu-era diaries give Ohio family hope
西班牙流感時期的日記給了俄亥俄州家庭希望
The diary entries from a woman in southwestern Ohio about farm work and life during the 1918 flu pandemic and World War I have brought her future generations comfort and hope as the nation grapples with the coronavirus pandemic.
俄亥俄州西南部一名婦女的日記記錄了1918年流感大流行和第一次世界大戰期間的農業工作和生活，在這個國家努力應對冠狀病毒大流行的時候，這些日記給她的後代帶來了安慰和希望。
「No school on account of 『Spanish Influenza』」, Lucy Vandervort Cox, who died in 1964 at age 84, wrote in her diary entry on Monday, Oct. 7, 1918, on a 「cloudy and much cooler」 day in Wilmington.
1918年10月7日，星期一，在威爾明頓一個「多雲且涼爽得多」的日子，露西·范德沃特·考克斯在日記中寫道:「因為『西班牙流感』，所以沒有學校開學。」她於1964年去世，享年84歲。
Jennifer Weinbrecht, 63, preserved her great-grandmother's diaries which were written from 1899 to 1964 and later passed down to her from her deceased mother, JoAnne Womacks.
63歲的詹尼弗·溫布萊希特保存了她曾祖母寫於1899年至1964年的日記，這些日記後來由她已故的母親喬安妮·沃馬克傳給了她。
The diaries, which Weinbrecht also refers to as ledgers, show a snapshot of the hard work of farm life and raising a family. Kept mostly in the form of a log of daily activities, they offer some additional snippets of what life was like during the 1918 influenza pandemic.
溫布萊希特也稱這些日記為分類帳，記錄了農場生活和養家餬口的艱辛。它們大多以日常活動日誌的形式保存，提供了1918年流感大流行期間生活的一些額外片段。
「I look up names or words in my great-grandmother’s rather sparsely worded diaries and learn a wealth of information,」 Weinbrecht told NBC News from Novelty, Ohio. 「Sometimes, it’s fun stuff – like when she said she finished her Mother Hubbard, and I Googled that and found it was a dress that could be worn without a tight corset for working on the farm,」 she said.
「我在我曾祖母寫得很少的日記中查找名字或單詞，並從中了解到大量信息，」溫布萊希特在俄亥俄州新新市接受全國廣播公司採訪時說。「有時候，這是有趣的事情——比如當她說她完成了她母親的哈伯德時，我在谷歌上搜索了一下，發現這是一件可以不穿緊身胸衣在農場工作的裙子，」她說。
露西·范德沃特·考克斯（或稱「考克斯奶奶」）和她的家人。
『Grandma Cox』, as she's affectionately referred to, worked on a vegetable farm in Wilmington with her husband, Henry, and raised two children, Ernest and Elsie. Elsie, Weinbrecht’s grandmother, was the daughter of Cox’s brother but was adopted into the family when the child’s mother died.
人們親切地稱她為「考克斯奶奶」，她和丈夫亨利在威爾明頓的一個蔬菜農場工作，養育了兩個孩子——歐內斯特和埃爾西。韋恩布萊希特的祖母埃爾西是考克斯兄弟的女兒，但孩子的母親去世後，她被收養到這個家庭。
Weinbrecht began years ago to transcribe the diaries in hopes of further preserving her family’s history. The family revisited them recently when her daughter Amy Patterson, 38, wanted to see what advice they could glean as they stayed indoors to stay safe from the pandemic.
溫布萊希特幾年前開始抄寫日記，希望進一步保存她的家族歷史。最近，當她38歲的女兒艾米·帕特森(Amy Patterson)想看看他們留在室內躲避流感大流行時能得到什麼建議時，他們一家再次拜訪了他們。
Patterson, who works as a part-time reporter for the Geauga County Maple Leaf in Chardon, Ohio, wrote a piece for the newspaper about how the lessons learned from the 1918 flu could help readers conquer COVID-19.
帕特森在俄亥俄州查登市的吉烏加縣楓葉鎮做兼職記者，他為該報寫了一篇文章，講述了從1918年流感中吸取的教訓如何幫助讀者徵服COVID-19。
「While a global pandemic shuttering schools and businesses feels like new territory, many of our families still bear the scars of the 1918 influenza pandemic,」 she wrote.
「雖然全球大流行關閉學校和企業感覺像是一個新的領域，但我們的許多家庭仍然承受著1918年流感大流行的創傷，」她寫道。
Roughly 50 million people around the world died from the 1918 H1N1 flu pandemic, also referred to as the Spanish flu, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. In the United States alone, about 675,000 people were killed at the time.
根據世界衛生組織的報告，全世界大約有5000萬人死於1918年的H1N1流感，根據疾病控制和預防中心的命名也被稱為西班牙流感。僅在美國，當時就有大約675，000人喪生。
Ohio has 14,694 confirmed cases of COVID-19 and 656 deaths from the novel coronavirus, according to the Ohio Department of Health. In the United States, as of Friday, there were 828,441 cases and 46,379 deaths overall, including probable cases and losses. Ohio and many other states have issued stay-at-home orders, with a small number of states opting not to issue such restrictions.
俄亥俄州有14694例COVID-19確診病例，656例死於新型冠狀病毒，根據俄亥俄州衛生部。截至周五，美國共有828，441例病例和46，379例死亡病例，包括可能的情況和損失。俄亥俄州和其他許多州已經發布了家庭指令，少數州選擇不發布此類限制。
As the world grapples with the coronavirus pandemic and quarantines, Patterson felt that looking back into her family’s history might bring some hope, connection and perspective.
當全世界都在努力應對冠狀病毒大流行和隔離時，帕特森覺得回顧她的家族歷史可能會帶來一些希望、聯繫和前景。
Patterson, who has two sons, ages 9 and 11, decided to read through some of the entries to see how they related to her own family’s experiences now.
帕特森有兩個兒子，一個9歲，一個11歲，她決定通讀一些條目，看看它們與她自己家庭的經歷有什麼聯繫。
「It just felt like a really good time to evaluate how bad this is, compared to how bad our ancestors had it,」 Patterson said over the phone from Chardon.
帕特森在查頓的電話中說:「與我們的祖先有多糟糕相比，現在是評估這有多糟糕的時候了。」。
In one entry, Cox wrote about cooking and how her husband, Henry, shucked corn.
在一篇文章中，考克斯寫到了烹飪和她的丈夫亨利如何剝玉米。
「I baked bread and sugar cakes and picked mangoes,」 she wrote on Monday, Oct. 28, 1918. 「Then the children and I went to town in [the] evening after some more medicine to prevent influenza.」
1918年10月28日，星期一，她寫道:「我烤了麵包、糖蛋糕，還摘了芒果」。「然後那天晚上，孩子們和我在吃了一些預防流感的藥後，去了鎮上。」
Patterson recalled how her great-great-grandmother’s younger brother was away serving in the war, how school and church had been closed due to flu precautions, yet Cox continued doing farm work and putting her family first.
帕特森回憶起她曾曾祖母的弟弟是如何在戰爭中服役的，學校和教堂是如何因流感預防措施而關閉的，然而考克斯繼續做農活，把家庭放在首位。
「My kids are struggling with not being connected to their friends at school,」 Patterson said. 「It’s that time of life like, they’re learning how to be social and having been forced to do that in person to doing it across the screen is not ideal, but I feel that we’re almost more connected than we were before.」
帕特森說:「我的孩子們正在努力擺脫與學校朋友的聯繫。「這是人生中的一段時間，他們正在學習如何社交，被迫親自在整個屏幕上做到這一點並不理想，但我覺得我們比以前更加親密了。」
She credits Grandma Cox’s story for some of that. 「We’re sending these family photos back and forth. My kids are asking questions about our family, because of this story,」 she said.
她把其中的一些歸功於考克斯奶奶的故事。「我們來回發送這些家庭照片。因為這個故事，我的孩子在問關於我們家庭的問題，」她說。
In another diary entry, Cox described what seemed to be a normal day, what the family ate -- she baked a cake and some bread, she took a trip into town with the children -- a typical November day that was 「clear」 but had a 「very cold wind.」 The entry concludes with one sentence about the passing of 14-year-old Mary who succumbed to the flu. A very stark reminder of the virus that was taking a toll on her community.
在另一篇日記中，考克斯描述了看似平常的一天，一家人吃了些什麼——她烤了一塊蛋糕和一些麵包，帶著孩子們去了一趟鎮上——這是典型的11月的一天，天氣「晴朗」，但「寒風凜冽」。這篇文章以一句關於14歲的瑪麗死於流感的話結束。這非常鮮明地提醒我們，病毒正在對她的社區造成損害。
Then the following month, she recorded the names of more lives lost to influenza.
接下來的一個月，她記錄了更多死於流感的人的名字。
「But, between the deaths and funerals adding up on Lucy’s ledger, she also recorded signs of everyday life – visits to town, minor injuries to the children and several weddings – in a sign that life was still moving forward, even in the midst of a world at war,」 Patterson wrote.
帕特森寫道:「但是，在露西記錄的死亡和葬禮之間，她還記錄了日常生活的跡象——進城、孩子受輕傷和幾次婚禮——這表明生活仍在向前發展，即使是在一個戰爭的世界裡。」
Weinbrecht, who owns a bookstore called Jane Austen Books with her two daughters, said she has been transcribing and digitizing the decades of diaries. So far, she’s up to 1935.
溫布萊希特和她的兩個女兒擁有一家名為簡·奧斯汀圖書的書店，她說自己已經將幾十年的日記進行了轉錄和數位化。到目前為止，她已經進行到了1935年。
「They can’t stop. Even when [Grandma Cox] says, 'Oh, I feel really bad,' she just has to keep going,」 Weinbrecht said.
「他們不能停下來。即使當考克斯奶奶說『哦，我真的很難過』，她也必須堅持下去，」溫布萊希特說。
NBC News