Well hey there, I'm Emma from mmmEnglish! Today I've got twenty of the most common English words to share with you.
大家好啊，我是 Emma，歡迎來到美味英語頻道！今天我準備了二十個最常見的英語單詞和大家分享。
I'm going to show you how to pronounce them correctly but even better how to actually pronounce these words naturally. This will help you to understand fast-talking native speakers but also help you to sound more relaxed as you begin to speak English more fluently.
我要給大家展示一下如何正確地發它們的音，但是更好的是呢，如何自然地發出來這些單詞的音。這將幫助你理解講話語速很快的母語人士，也可以使幫助你在英語說得更流利的同時，聽起來更加輕鬆。
My main focus today is to give you lots of practice, so don't just watch this lesson okay? I want you to practise out loud with me.
我今天的主要重點是給大家很多練習，所以不要只是看看這節課好嗎？我要大家大聲練習。
And if you'd like to take everything that you learned from today's lesson and practise regularly with other people then I really encourage you to check out Lingoda, one of the world's best online language schools.
Anyone who watches this channel knows that I'm a huge fan of Lingoda and in case you haven't already noticed, they have a new look and I like it.
如果你想吸收今天的課程中學到的所有知識並定期與其他人一起進行練習，那麼我真的鼓勵你去看看 Lingoda，這是世界上最好的在線語言學校之一。觀看這個頻道的人都知道我是 Lingoda 的忠實粉絲，如果你還沒有注意到的話，他們現在煥然一新了，我很喜歡。
To celebrate, Lingoda have just introduced a range of new quizzes and extra homework to their lessons so that you can keep learning even when you're not in class.
As a teacher, one of the main reasons I recommend Lingoda to my students is because they offer an easy to follow structured path to reaching virtually any language certification.
為了慶祝，Lingoda 剛剛在他們的課程中引入了一系列新的測驗和額外的家庭作業，以便即使你沒有上課也可以繼續學習。作為老師，我向學生推薦 Lingoda 的主要原因之一是因為他們為獲得幾乎所有的語言認證都提供了非常易於遵循的結構化的途徑。
And even if you simply want to improve your conversation skills, Lingoda small group classes are available twenty-four hours a day seven days a week to help you get the practice that you need.?The next Lingoda Sprint is just around the corner too.
即使你只是想提高自己的會話技巧，Lingoda 小班課程也可以每周7天每天24小時提供，以幫助你獲得所需的練習。下一個 Lingoda 短跑衝刺也馬上就要來臨啦。
This is a twelve week challenge designed to boost your language skills and if you complete it you can get up to a hundred percent of your payment back which is crazy good! I share more details about all of that up here in this video but if you're not quite ready to jump in and take this Sprint,
Lingoda offer lots of different options to suit your learning goals and your availability including the chance to experience their classes for seven days absolutely free and that's all before you commit to regular study with them.
這是一個為期十二周的挑戰，旨在提高你的語言能力，如果你完成了該挑戰的話，則可以獲得高達100％的還款，這真是太好了！我在此視頻中分享了所有這些內容的更多詳細信息，但是如果你還沒有準備好參加這次的短跑衝刺的話，Lingoda 將提供許多不同的選擇來契合你的學習目標和可以利用的時間，包括7天完全免費體驗他們的課程的機會，可以在你和他們籤訂定期課程之前進行。
If this sounds like something you're interested in then make sure you check out the link in the description below.
I will put the link to their Instagram feed down there too because there's lots of student success stories there and they're always great to read and if you do decide to jump in and start the Sprint, make sure you use this code right here which will give you a discount at the checkout.
如果這聽起來是你感興趣的內容的話，請一定要查看描述區的連結。我也會把他們的 Instagram 帳號連結放在下面，因為那裡有很多學生成功的故事，而且很容易閱讀，如果你決定參加開始短跑衝刺的話，請確保使用這裡的代碼，在結帳時會給你折扣。
And if you're already a student of Lingoda, make sure you let me know how your classes are going down in the comments below. The most common words in English are grammatical words, they're articles, they're prepositions, they're pronouns and even some really simple verbs that we use every day.
如果你已經是 Lingoda 的學生，請一定要在下面的評論中告訴我你的課程進展情況哦。英語中最常見的單詞是語法單詞，它們是冠詞，介詞、代詞，甚至是我們每天使用的一些非常簡單的動詞。
And because they're so common and they get used so often, native English speakers will use them really quickly and efficiently as we speak which means that the pronunciation of the word that you learn in a dictionary or from your teacher at school may not be what it truly sounds like when a native English speaker actually speaks it.
So today we'll talk about stressed and unstressed forms, linking and contractions.
而且由於它們是如此普遍並且經常使用，因此以英語為母語的人會在我們講話時非常迅速高效地使用它們，這就意味著你在詞典中或在學校的老師那裡學習到的單詞的發音可能不會和以英語為母語的人真正說出來時的是一樣的。因此，今天我們將討論重讀和非重讀的形式，連讀和縮讀。
These are all really important aspects of English pronunciation that you need to understand if you want to use English fluently.
I'm going to share them in no particular order, mostly because it's really difficult to know which one of these words is actually the most common.
這些都是英語發音非常重要的方面，如果你想流利地使用英語的話，那麼就需要了解這些方面。我在分享的時候不會按照什麼特定的順序，主要是因為很難知道其中哪個詞實際上是最常見的。
They are all extremely common and they probably jostle around for the number one position. Of course, I will be sharing all of these words in my accent, my Australian English accent.
它們都非常常見，可能都可以爭搶第一名。當然，我將以我的口音，也就是我的澳大利亞英語口音，來分享所有這些單詞。
There are some slight variations in the way that these words are pronounced across English accents, though lots of similarities as well. Starting at number twenty.
這些單詞在英語各個口音中的發音方式略有不同，儘管也有很多相似之處。從第二十個 at 開始。
Sometimes you'll hear this word stressed as at with that // strong vowel sound. You need to be here at three o'clock.
有時，你會聽到這個音是重讀的，是//這個強的元音。你需要三點鐘到這裡。
So when we're stressing at, we're emphasising and making the meaning stronger. You need to be here exactly at three o'clock.
因此，當我們重讀時，我們在強調，讓含義更加強烈。你需要在恰好三點的時候到這裡。
Not before, not after, at three. But most of the time when you hear this word it's not stressed and the vowel sound reduces down to become that reduced vowel sound, the schwa.
不早，不晚，就是三點。但是大多數時候，當你聽到這個單詞時，它並沒有被重讀，元音會被輕讀，變成中元音，//, /t/。
I'll meet you at the car. I'll pick you up at eight.
我在車上見你。我八點鐘去接你。
Your turn. Now we have the verb do.
輪到你了。現在我們是動詞 do。
Now of course, it conjugates, doesn't it? It can be do or does depending on the subject so what you need to remember is that when do is the main verb in a sentence, it's usually stressed and it has that /u: / vowel sound.
當然了，它會有詞形的變化，對吧？根據主語的不同，可以是 do 或者是 does，因此你需要記住的是，當 do 是句子中的主要動詞時，通常會被重讀，要帶著/u:/這個元音。
I do it often. But as an auxiliary verb, if it's helping the main verb in a sentence then it usually reduces down so do becomes /d/.
我經常這樣做。但是作為助動詞，如果它是在幫助句子中的主要動詞的話，那麼它通常會被削弱，因此/du:/變成了 /d/。
Do you want to come? Your turn.
你想來嗎？輪到你了。
Does she need to see it? Try it.
她需要看嗎？試試看。
So as a pronoun, you can be stressed especially when you need to clarify who you're talking to or who you're talking about. I didn't ask you, I asked her.
因此，作為代詞，you 可以被重讀，尤其是當你需要解釋清楚你在跟誰說，或者是你在談論誰的話。我沒問你，我問她。
So that's when we hear it really strong. But most of the time when you hear this word, you just hear /j/.
這就是我們聽到這個音很強的時候。但是大多數時候當你聽到這個詞時，你只會聽到/j/。
Do you know who did it? I'll meet you there.
你知道是誰做的嗎？我會那裡見你。
Your turn. As can be stressed.
輪到你了。As 可以被重讀。
I guess it didn't take as long as last time but usually, it's an unstressed word and it sounds a little more like /z/. Again we're using that schwa sound for the unstressed vowel sound.
我猜它用的時間沒有上次那麼多，但通常情況下，這是一個非重讀的詞，聽起來有點像/z/。同樣地，非重讀的元音是中元音。
It wasn't as hard as I thought it would be. One pronunciation pattern to look for but more importantly to listen for is the way that words that start with a vowel sound often link to the last sound of the word before it when spoken naturally.
這並不像我想的那麼難。要尋找但更重要的是要聽的一種發音模式是，以元音開頭的單詞通常在自然發音中會和前面單詞的最後一個音連讀。
Now as starts with a vowel sound so this is the perfect time to mention it and to show you how it works. It wasn't as hard as I thought.
As 的開頭是一個元音，所以這是提一提它，向你展示它是如何工作的的完美時機。這並不像我想的那麼難。
Now pronouns, grammatical words that start with the letter H like he, him, her. We can even include have and has.
現在是以字母 H 開頭的代詞、語法單詞，例如他，他，她。甚至可以包含 have 和 has。
They're often pronounced without the H sound when we're speaking quickly. Does he want to come?
當我們快速說話時，H 音通常都不會發出來。他想來嗎？
Try it. I'll ask him if you want.
試試看。我問他你是不是想要。
But you've got to remember, if you're using this reduced form and you're not pronouncing the H you must be linking this word to the one before it okay? You can't drop the H sound when it's the first word in a sentence and say /i: / really liked the party.
但是你必須記住，如果你使用的是這種削弱的形式，你沒有把 H 音發出來，那麼你必須把這個詞和前面的詞連讀哦。當 H 音是句子中的第一個單詞時，你不能省略它，說/i:/真的很喜歡聚會。
You have to pronounce that H. He really liked the party.
你必須把 H 音發出來。他真的很喜歡聚會。
But you can drop it in the middle of a sentence. I want to buy her a car.
但是你也可以在句子中間把它省略。我想給她買輛車。
Try it. Now we have the verb have which is another very popular English verb so like do, we conjugate have depending on the subject.
試試看。現在，我們有動詞「 have」，這是另一個像「do」一樣非常常見的英語動詞，它的形式會根據主語變化。
So sometimes it's has, in the past it's had. And in all of those examples, we're using the // strong vowel sound.
所以有時候是 has，在過去時是 had。在所有這些示例中，我們都使用了強元音//。
Now when have is the main verb in a sentence, it's stressed. Though sometimes just like with those pronouns, native speakers will drop that H sound when we're speaking quickly.
當 have 是句子中的主要動詞時，它就會被重讀。儘管有時就像那些代詞一樣，當我們快速講話時，以英語為母語的人會不發 H 音。
She has three dogs. I have two.
她有三隻狗。我有兩隻。
You probably know that have is an auxillary verb in all of the perfect tenses which is why it's one of the most common English verbs, we see it a lot. And when it's spoken naturally, we often use contractions, so instead of saying I have, I've, we have, we've, he has, he's.
你可能知道在所有完成時態中，have 都是一個助動詞，這就是為什麼它是最常見的英語動詞之一的原因，我們經常看到它。當自然地講時，我們經常縮讀，所以我們不會說 I have，而是 I've，we have 會變成 we've，he has 會變成 he's。
But even as an auxiliary verb, it can be stressed especially if we want to emphasise that something is true so I can easily say I've been to India. So it's unstressed there but what if someone said no you haven't.
但是即使是作為一個助動詞，它也可以被重讀，尤其是如果我們想要強調某件事情是真的，所以我可以說：我去過印度。這裡是非重讀的，但是如果有人說不，你沒有會怎麼樣呢。
I have, I have been to India twice. Grammatically, but is used in several different ways.
我去過，我去過印度兩次。在語法上，but 有幾種不同的使用方式。
It can be stressed and you'll hear that strong vowel sound, //, /bt/. I'll help you but I need a favour from you first.
它可以被重讀，你就會聽到強元音//, /bt/。我會幫助您的，但我首先需要您的幫助。
More often than not, but is unstressed and then the pronunciation changes. But I don't want to.
通常情況下是非重讀的，然後發音會發生變化。但是我不想。
They ate it, but they didn't like it. Try it.
他們吃了，但他們不喜歡它。試試看。
Now this is an unusual one to include in this list because usually we stress negative forms in English. I'm not hungry.
這個呢是我們的列表裡面不那麼常見的一個，因為我們通常在英語中強調的是否定形式。我不餓。
But the adverb not is usually almost always linked to the verb in spoken English. We say I don't like it.
但是副詞在英語口語中並不總是和動詞聯繫在一起。我們說：我不喜歡它。
We can't believe it. So most of the time, not is not pronounced as not.
我們不相信它。因此，在大多數情況下，「not」的發音並不是/nt/.
It's contracted and it sounds /nt/, can't, won't haven't, hasn't. For.
它會縮讀，聽起來像/nt/，不能，不會，沒有。為了。
It is quite unusual to hear this word pronounced as /f/ in spoken English so when you hear /f/, we're usually referring to the noun, the number four. For is usually unstressed and again, that vowel sound reduces down to the schwa.
在英語口語中聽到這個詞念成/f/是非常不常見的，所以當你聽到/f/的時候，我們一般指的是名詞，數字四。For 通常都是非重讀的，元音會變成中元音。
We hear /f/. Nothing right?
我們聽到的是/f/。沒事吧？
I bought this apple for you. Can you get one for me?
我為你買了這個蘋果。你能幫我拿一個嗎？
Try. Ninety-nine per cent of the time you hear it being used in English, it's unstressed so when I said it just then, I stressed it so that you knew which word I was talking about but usually it sounds a lot more like /t/.
嘗試一下。百分之九十九的時間聽到 it 都是非重讀的，所以當我剛才說 it 的時候，我是重讀的，以便你知道我在說哪個詞，但通常它聽起來更像是/t/。
It's that schwa sound again and we usually use a stop T at the end as well so no air is released. Instead of saying /it/, the air is caught by our tongue.
又是中元音，我們通常在末尾使用的是爆破音，所以空氣不會釋放。我們說的不是/it/，空氣被舌頭給阻攔住了。
It's caught there so that we can move on to the next word really quickly. I want it now.
它被困在那裡了，所以我們可以非常迅速地跳到下一個詞。我現在就想要。
Get it out of the car. Try it.
把它從車裡拿出來。自己試一下吧。
Goodness there are actually lots of reduced forms in that one aren't there? Get it out of the car.
天哪，實際上有很多簡化的形式，對吧？把它從車裡拿出來。
Now I've created a whole learning playlist that explains the different ways that we link words together in spoken English so if you haven't seen it yet,
absolutely watch all of the videos up in this playlist and even if you have, it's the type of practice that you need to review, you need to come back to so it might be a good time to go back to those lessons and remind yourself about those familiar ways that we link sounds together in English.
That can be stressed or unstressed, we say that when it's stressed with that // vowel sound so when it's used as a determiner to explain which specific thing, we're talking about you'll hear it stressed because it needs to be clear.
我創建了一個完整的學習播放列表，解釋了我們在口語中連讀單詞的不同方式，因此如果你還沒有看過的話，請一定要觀看這個播放列表中的所有視頻，即使你看過了，這種練習的類型也是你需要複習的，你需要回去看看，所以現在可能是一個回顧這些課程，提醒自己我們在英語中連讀的熟悉的方式的好時機。That 可以重讀也可以不重讀，當它被重讀的時候，發的是//音，因此當它作為限定詞解釋我們談論的是某個特定的東西的時候，你會聽到它被重讀，因為它需要是清晰的。
We'll say: not this one, that one. And as an adverb it will probably also be stressed too.
我們會說：不是這個，是那個。作為副詞，它也可能會被重讀。
We'll say I'm not that hungry. But when that is used as a conjunction and it's connecting two clauses together, it's unstressed, it reduces down to //.
我們會說我不那麼餓。但是，當 that 用作連接詞，將兩個子句連接在一起時，它就是非重讀的，弱讀成了//。
It's that schwa sound again, the vowel sound reducing down from that to /t/. I told her that I'd be there.
又是中元音，元音削弱成了/t/。我告訴她我會去的。
Your turn. On.
輪到你了。上。
Here's another example of a grammatical word that starts with a vowel sound so when it's said naturally, it's often linked to the word that comes before it. It's on my computer.
這是另一個以元音開頭的語法單詞的示例，所以當自然發音的時候，它通常會和前面的詞連讀。它在我的電腦上。
We'll go on Sunday. Try it.
我們星期天去。試試看。
The same rules apply for in, when we use it naturally we need to focus on linking it to the sound that comes before it. I'll meet you in there.
同樣的規則也適用於 in 中，當我們自然使用它時，我們需要將其和前面的音連讀。我會在那裡見你。
Try it. That extra /w/ linking sound between two vowels there is a bit of a pronunciation trick.
試試看。兩個元音之間的/w/連音發起來就有點點難了。
Watch this lesson up here if you want to learn a little bit more about this type of linking. Let's talk about the articles a and an because they are unstressed most of the time so usually when we want to stress and clarify to say that it's just one of something that we want, we say one.
如果你想了解更多有關此類連讀的信息，那就看一下這個視頻吧。讓我們討論一下冠詞 a 和 an，因為大多數情況下它們都是非重讀的，因此通常在我們要強調並澄清說我們只是想要一個東西的時候，我們會說「one」。
So we don't say I'll have a carrot. We say I'll have one carrot please.
所以我們不說我要「a」胡蘿蔔。我們說：我要「one」胡蘿蔔。
So most of the time, these articles are unstressed. We don't hear a and an, we just hear that reduced sound.
因此，在大多數情況下，這些冠詞並不重讀。我們不會聽到「a」和「an」，我們聽到的是弱讀的音。
Can you take a break? It was an excellent event.
你可以休息一下嗎？這是一個很棒的活動。
Your turn. Now of course and must make our list of most commonly used words right?
輪到你了。當然了，and 肯定在我們最常用的詞列表當中對吧？
When it's stressed, we say but it becomes /nd/ unstressed. And often we drop that D sound at the end and compare these with me.
當它重讀時，我們說的是/nd/，但是非重讀的時候會變成/nd/ 。通常我們會把結尾的 D 音給省掉，和我一起比較一下吧。
When we're stressing I would say You and me are going. And unstressed, you and me are going.
當我們重讀的時候，我會說：你和我要走了。非重讀的時候，你和我要走了。
You and me are going. Come and visit me.
你和我要走了。來看看我吧。
Try it. How could we forget of?
嘗試一下吧。我們怎麼能忘記 of？
It's almost always unstressed as well. So instead of saying /v/, we just need to relax our mouth, relax that vowel sound down to /()v/.
它基本上總是非重讀的。因此，我們說的並不是/v/，我們需要放鬆我們的嘴巴，放鬆那個元音，弱讀成 /()v/。
Would you like a cup of tea? Notice that link between of and the consonant before it, cup of tea.
你要喝杯茶嗎？請注意，of 和它前面的輔音之間是連讀的，喝茶。
Now to, when it's spelt like this, is not usually stressed. It's usually unstressed so we reduce it down from to to /t/.
現在是 to 啦，這樣寫的時候通常都是非重讀的。通常是非重讀的，所以我們會弱讀成/t/。
I want to go to the beach. Try it.
我想要去海邊。試試看。
Be is the most commonly used verb in English but it does have several different forms, doesn't it? Depending on the subject and the tense so just like do and have, the be verb can be used as a main verb in a sentence.
Be 是英語中最常用的動詞，但是它有幾種不同的形式，對吧？取決於主語和時態，就像 do 和 have 一樣，be 動詞可以用作句子中的主要動詞。
I'll be home soon. So instead of really stressing that verb be, it's just a shorter version.
我馬上回家。因此並不會重讀 be 動詞，而是更短的版本。
I'll be home soon. You will definitely hear the unstressed forms of be when it's used as an auxiliary verb in the continuous tense, in the passive voice.
我馬上回家。當它作為進行時態或被動語態的助動詞的時候，你肯定會聽到 be 的非重讀形式。
You're going to hear I am as I'm going. We are as we're waiting.
你會聽到我要，正如在我要去裡面。我們在，正如在我們在等待裡面。
Or it is as it's raining. Right?
或者是它是，正如在天要下雨裡面。對吧？
It's really common to hear these contractions when the be verb is the auxiliary verb. When it's used in the past tense the be verb is usually reduced as well.
當 be 動詞作為助動詞的時候，聽到縮寫形式是非常普遍的。當用在過去時當中時，be 動詞通常也會被弱讀。
Again we see that schwa sound. Was becomes /wz/.
同樣的，我們聽到了中元音。Was 變成了/wz/。
I was upstairs earlier. Try it.
我剛才在樓上。試試看。
They were really hungry. Your turn.
他們真的餓了。輪到你了。
Last but definitely not the least is the. You won't hear it pronounced like the very often, maybe just in your English class, you'll definitely hear a shorter version.
最後但絕對不是最不重要的，是 the。你不會經常聽到它重讀，也許只能在你的英語課上聽到，一般會聽到一個較短的版本。
And you'll also hear //, that's our favourite schwa sound making another appearance. So with the word the, we have two unstressed forms because the pronunciation changes depending on the word that follows it.
你還會聽到//，我們最喜歡的中元音又出現了。因此，對於單詞「 the」，我們有兩種非重讀的形式，因為其發音隨其後的單詞而變化。
If the word the is followed by a word that starts with a consonant sound, then that's when we hear that lazy schwa sound again. You left it in the car.
如果單詞 the 之後是一個以輔音開頭的單詞，那麼我們就會聽到懶散的中元音。你把它丟在車裡了。
Try it. If the word the is followed by a vowel sound then it's pronounced /i/
試試看。如果單詞後面緊跟著元音，則將其發音為/i/.
Can you hear the difference? How do we get to the airport?
你能聽到區別嗎？我們如何去機場？
Try it. You made it all the way through!
試試看。你堅持到最後啦！
Awesome work! Make sure you bookmark this video, save it to a playlist because you'll need to come back to it and review it and practise several times with me.
真的很棒！一定要將此視頻添加為書籤，然後將其保存到播放列表中，因為你需要返回該視頻，並與我一起複習幾次。
It's not the kind of thing that you'll just instantly know, you've got to put in the practice and you'll be able to practise using all of these words naturally and in context in any of my imitation lessons.
Remember if you want to learn a little more about linking and naturally spoken English, then definitely check out this playlist up here, you will absolutely love it.
你可能無法立刻掌握，你必須進行練習，可以在我的模仿課程中和我一起練習這些單詞在語境中的自然發音。請記住，如果你想學習更多有關連讀和自然發音的知識，那麼一定要查看一下這個播放列表，你一定會喜歡的。
And I'll see you in there!
我在那裡等待大家！