科學家開發出基於過氧化鋅化學性質的可充電鋅空氣電池
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2021/1/3 18:15:10
德國明斯特大學Martin Winter等研究人員合作開發出基於過氧化鋅化學性質的可充電鋅空氣電池。相關論文於2021年1月1日發表在《科學》雜誌上。
研究人員報告了一種在非鹼性水性電解質中通過2電子(e)/氧氣(O2)過程進行的鋅-O2/過氧化鋅(ZnO2)化學反應,該反應可在鋅空氣電池中實現高度可逆的氧化還原反應。疏水性三氟甲磺酸根陰離子在空氣陰極上形成的乏水且富含鋅離子(Zn2+)的內部亥姆霍茲層使這種ZnO2化學成為可能。這樣構造的非鹼性鋅-空氣電池不僅可以耐受環境空氣中的穩定運行,而且還比鹼性電池具有更好的可逆性。
據介紹,可再充電的鹼性鋅空氣電池具有較高的能量密度和安全性,但其4e/O2化學反應緩慢,需要水的參與,並且由於腐蝕性電解質和空氣中二氧化碳引起的寄生反應而產生電化學不可逆性。
附:英文原文
Title: A rechargeable zinc-air battery based on zinc peroxide chemistry
Author: Wei Sun, Fei Wang, Bao Zhang, Mengyi Zhang, Verena Küpers, Xiao Ji, Claudia Theile, Peter Bieker, Kang Xu, Chunsheng Wang, Martin Winter
Issue&Volume: 2021/01/01
Abstract: Rechargeable alkaline zinc-air batteries promise high energy density and safety but suffer from the sluggish 4 electron (e)/oxygen (O2) chemistry that requires participation of water and from the electrochemical irreversibility originating from parasitic reactions caused by caustic electrolytes and atmospheric carbon dioxide. Here, we report a zinc-O2/zinc peroxide (ZnO2) chemistry that proceeds through a 2e/O2 process in nonalkaline aqueous electrolytes, which enables highly reversible redox reactions in zinc-air batteries. This ZnO2 chemistry was made possible by a water-poor and zinc ion (Zn2+)–rich inner Helmholtz layer on the air cathode caused by the hydrophobic trifluoromethanesulfonate anions. The nonalkaline zinc-air battery thus constructed not only tolerates stable operations in ambient air but also exhibits substantially better reversibility than its alkaline counterpart.
DOI: 10.1126/science.abb9554
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/371/6524/46