本文主要是基於coinbase的視頻教程提取翻譯的,主要是為了科普,更專業的開發入門我會放到其他專門的篇章詳解,完整目錄在:https://lyhistory.com/docs/blockchain
BTC 比特幣比特幣由中本聰(化名)創立於2009年,是一個點對點的數字貨幣系統,致力於重建具有隱私性和自治性的支付系統來避免銀行和政府這些中間人的參與。目的是允許個人和商戶可以自由的「面對面」的直接交易。
比特幣雖然只是支持腳本語言,但是其腳本語言實際上也可以實現比較豐富的場景,後續我也會更新關於比特幣開發的相關教程;
Bitcoin, created in 2009 by Satoshi Nakamoto, is a peer-to-peer digital currency system that endeavors to re-establish both privacy and autonomy by avoiding the banking and government middlemen. The goal is to allow individuals and merchants to generate and exchange modern money directly
Ethereum 以太坊以太坊是一個開源的公開的基於區塊鏈的分布式計算平臺和作業系統,支持智能合約,簡單來說,比特幣只支持腳本語言,而以太坊是圖靈完備的,意思是開發者可以像開發傳統軟體一樣開發基於區塊鏈的項目,所以這也是為什麼以太坊擁有完整的生態和眾多開發者的原因;
後續我會發布的關於區塊鏈開發的教程基本都是以以太坊為主;
以太坊通過基於交易的狀態轉移實現了改良版本的中本聰共識算法;
Ethereum is an open source, public, blockchain-based distributed computing platform and operating system featuring smart contract functionality. It supports a modified version of Nakamoto consensus via transaction-based state transitions.
Zcash 零幣什麼是Zcash?
Zcash是由熱愛比特幣的密碼學專家在2016年基於比特幣源碼創建的,加入了零知識證明;實際上很多人誤解比特幣,比特幣並不是真正的匿名支付,因為你可以從支付歷史上清晰的看到從哪個帳號轉給哪個帳號多少錢,這些都是完全公開的,另外雖然只是一串地址,但是如果參與了交易所的交易,由於KYC - Know your customer的監管要求,是可以追蹤到某個人的真實信息的;而Zcash則引入了另外一種方式,通過採用密碼學的方式對支付記錄進行了混淆,從而可以讓支付路徑無法被追蹤(比如你網購了某些東西但是不想讓別人知道你的真實信息),當然這也是很多政府可以容忍比特幣但是不喜歡Zcash的原因;
Zcash is created in 2016 by cryptography experts who love bitcoin, but wanted the option to make transacgtions more private, so they took Bitcoin's opensource code and enhanced it with a technology known as the "Zero-Knowledge Proof"Zcash and financial privacyZcash was created because the team behind it believes that financial privacy is a fundamental human right. Learn why financial privacy is so important and how Zcash hopes to improve it.
Zcash的隱私性是怎麼工作的?How does Zcash’s privacy work?
Zcash的「屏蔽」交易可以讓你跟其他人轉帳但是不公開隱私的交易內容。Zcash有兩種地址類型shielded地址和transparent地址,transparent地址是公開的,工作方式跟比特幣地址一樣,shielded地址則會隱藏交易信息,這依賴於零知識證明,零知識證明是密碼學的突破,大概意思就是我可以證明我知道某些事情但是不告訴你我具體知道什麼,比如我可以證明我超過了18歲,但是不告訴你我的實際年齡;
Zcash’s shielded transactions let you exchange value without revealing your private financial information.
DECRED 得信幣什麼是decred?
decred簡寫DCR, 是 decentralized credits縮寫。
decred VS BTC,和比特幣有什麼異同?
decred的POW工作量證明和POS權益證明的混合共識模式,既保證了其安全性,又保證了用戶參與,其模型工作原理大概是,傳統的工作量證明是礦工競爭挖礦,誰挖到算誰的,具體的原理參考我其他深入介紹POW的文章,而混合模型下,引入了validator驗證者的概念,驗證者通過購買ticket來參與最終挖礦的驗證,最後挖礦的收益礦工和驗證者進行分成,其好處之一就是可以抵擋51%攻擊;
另外一個好處就是削弱了礦工的絕對權利。相對於btc,我們知道btc有很多dork,btc cash,btc gold等等,都是因為礦工站隊引起的,對於普通的btc持有者來說,很難參與到戰隊中,而decred的混合模型下,開發者對decred的任何修改和升級都要經過投票voting的過程,voting的過程也是普通的decred持有者互動下進行的;
因此Decred又被稱為 Bitcoin with governance 即帶有治理屬性的比特幣,甚至被稱為真正的比特幣,因為其更加符合比特幣的設計初衷。
BAT不僅是代幣,brave也是我最喜歡的瀏覽器,屏蔽各種廣告和js追蹤,由javascript之父創建的brave,內置tor,正常瀏覽網頁還可以賺取BAT:點擊官方連結
Brave的使命是修復當今「被破壞的」web服務。Brave is on a mission to fix what it believes is a broken web.
Brave和BAT:一種新的瀏覽方式Brave and BAT: A new way to browse the web
Brave認為網上衝浪應該更快,更安全,更多隱私保護,並且沒有廣告的暴力植入。Brave believes that surfing the web should be faster, more secure, and more private without intrusive ads.
Brave瀏覽器The Brave web browser
Brave是一個免費的開源的web瀏覽器,屏蔽各種廣告和js追蹤,內置tor,正常瀏覽網頁還可以賺取BAT:點擊官方連結Brave is a free, open-source web browser with several unique features.
BAT注意力幣是如何工作的How the Basic Attention Token works
BAT是基於以太坊的代幣,當前的廣告模式是,廣告商找到百度谷歌這些搜索巨頭,然後分發廣告給網站等內容博主,然後搜索巨頭從中獲取巨額利益,普通人被廣告騷擾但是沒有任何收益,內容博主也被剝削,BAT通過幹掉中間商,讓普通網友跟內容博主直接互動,普通網友通過瀏覽網站就可以獲取BAT代幣,因為普通人花費了時間和注意力,所以這個叫做注意力代幣,然後可以打賞給內容博主;The Basic Attention Token (BAT) is an Ethereum-based token that is designed to improve digital advertising on the web.
Stellar.XLM.Stellar是一個連接銀行、支付系統和用戶的平臺。Stellar is a platform that connects banks, payment systems, and people.
什麼是Stellar?What is Stellar?
一個聯合世界上的金融機構的去中心化的協議,錢可以在銀行、企業和用戶之間快速和廉價的流轉。A decentralized protocol that unites the world’s financial infrastructure so money can flow quickly and cheaply between banks, businesses, and people.
什麼是Stellar Lumens或XLM?What are Stellar Lumens (XLM)?
Stellar網絡有自己的虛擬幣:Stellar Lumens或XLM,目的是幫助基於Stellar網絡的低費用的統一的支付。The Stellar network has its own cryptocurrency, the Stellar Lumen. Lumens facilitate low-cost, universal payments on Stellar.
通過Stellar匯款Sending remittances with Stellar
對於需要跨國給家人轉帳的用戶來說,相對於傳統的轉帳服務,Stellar提供了更便宜更快速的選擇。For people sending money to family members overseas, Stellar offers a cheaper, faster alternative to traditional money transfer services.
銀行、企業和用戶怎麼使用StellarHow banks, businesses, & people use Stellar
Stellar允許銀行、企業和用戶將傳統的資產比如美元歐元轉成代幣,這些代幣可以通過Stellar網絡迅速的在其他參與者之間轉移和交換。to issue, exchange and transfer tokens quickly and efficiently;Stellar lets banks, businesses, and people turn traditional assets, like dollars and euros, into tokens. These tokens can then be transferred and exchanged with any other participant on the Stellar network.
Stellar如何保護數字資產?How does Stellar protect digital assets?
Stellar上的數字資產是通過全球的去中心化的計算機網絡節點運行Stellar的開源軟體來保護的。這些計算機節點通過合作來驗證交易的合法性並阻止非法交易。Stellar的共識協議是基於可信節點的協作來確認交易,這個跟比特幣是不同的,比特幣是通過節點之間的挖礦競爭來確認交易。Digital assets on Stellar are protected by a decentralized global network of computers running Stellar’s open source software. These computers cooperate to confirm legitimate transactions and prevent malicious ones.Stellar's Consensus protocol relies on the coorperation of trusted nodes to confirm transactions
EOSEOSIO是為快速和免費的區塊鏈應用而設計的協議。EOSIO is a protocol designed for fast and free blockchain apps.
什麼是EOSIO和EOS?What are EOSIO and EOS?
EOSIO是一個為了支持快速、免費和安全的區塊鏈應用而設計的區塊鏈協議。EOS則是其中一個基於EOSIO協議的區塊鏈應用;EOS這個名字同時也是這個應用的代幣。EOSIO is a blockchain protocol designed for fast, free, and secure applications. EOS is a popular blockchain that uses the EOSIO protocol; it’s also the name of the blockchain’s system token.
什麼是委託權益證明DPOS?What is Delegated Proof of Stake,
DPOS委託權益證明是EOSIO協議的共識模型,可以確保基於EOSIO的區塊鏈能夠快速和高效的運行。簡單來說,和比特幣等公鏈不同,EOS區塊鏈是運行在21個「中心」節點上的,普通的用戶即EOS代幣持有者可以投票來選擇這個21個節點。Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS) is EOSIO’s consensus model. It helps ensure EOSIO blockchains operate quickly and efficiently.
什麼是EOS代幣?What is the EOS token?
EOS代幣是運行在EOS區塊鏈上。轉帳EOS快速而且是免費的,讓用戶和開發者可以生成運行在EOS上面的資源。EOS is a cryptocurrency running on the EOS blockchain. It’s fast, free to transfer, used for governance, and lets users and developers generate the resources they need to run applications on EOS.
EOSIO資源:CPU,NET,RAM:CPU, NET, and RAM: Resources on EOSIO
在EOSIO上運行應用需要3個資源:CPU,NET和RAM。Running an application on EOSIO requires 3 resources: CPU, NET, and RAM.
基於EOSIO開發開發應用Developing apps with EOSIO
EOSIO是基於大規模擴展的現實世界的區塊鏈應用而設計的協議,開發者可以基於EOSIO協議開發自己的區塊鏈,也可以開發運行在EOS上面的應用,可以兼容所有基於EOSIO的區塊鏈。EOSIO is designed for large-scale, real-world blockchain applications.
DAI什麼是DAI?What is Dai?
DAI是去中心化的穩定幣,運行在以太坊上,目的是跟1對1的跟美元錨定。Dai is a decentralized stablecoin running on the Ethereum blockchain. It aims to always be worth one US dollar.
DAI是用來做什麼的?What is Dai used for?
有很多理由來使用DAI而不是美元法幣,它是無國界的,可編程的並且是有抵押背書的。並且它可以存儲在虛擬幣錢包中,不需要任何銀行帳號。There are many reasons to use Dai instead of dollars. It’s borderless, programmable, and collateralized. Plus it can be held in a crypto wallet — no bank account required.
DAI怎麼保持穩定的?How does Dai stay stable?
DAI的穩定幣價格是由世界上最大的一個去中心化應用,即開源項目Maker來保證的.DAI是通過在Maker上開一個Collateralized Debt Position (CDP)帳號來生成的。Dai’s stable price is made possible by one of the world’s largest decentralized applications, an open source project called Maker.
MakerDAO什麼是 MakerDAO
MakerDAO是一個去中心化的組織,其使命是實現更大的財務自由。它使用Maker協議以及兩個原生代幣MKR和DAI,以允許任何人通過提供抵押品來借錢。
Maker 治理
MakerDAO 的任何升級都是由MKR持有者組成的社區來決定的。該系統的結構旨在獎勵謹慎的管理,並始終確保Dai得到充足抵押品的背書。
MakerDAO的願景
通過提供安全、可靠和透明的金融工具,MakerDAO 希望為全世界的用戶增強經濟能力。
Orchid.OXT.什麼是Orchid?What is Orchid?
Orchid是一個新的點對點的隱私工具,包括VPN服務和其他功能特性,可以讓用戶控制自己的網絡連接。Orchid is a new peer-to-peer privacy tool that includes a VPN and other features that put users in control of their Internet connection.
怎麼使用Orchid?How do you use Orchid?
為了使用Orchid來保證網絡隱私,你需要Orchid的以太坊代幣-OXT,以及Orchid app和WEB3錢包。To connect to the internet privately with Orchid, you』ll need Orchid’s Ethereum token, OXT, as well as the Orchid app and a Web3 wallet.
How does Orchid keep data private?Orchid怎麼保證數據隱私?
Orchid幣比傳統VPN服務更能保護用戶隱私是基於:使用OXT作為支付手段從而不需要暴露個人的銀行卡和其他信息,同時還支持寬帶服務商的多跳的配置Orchid keeps data more private than traditional VPN services by using OXT for payments and support for multihop configurations between bandwidth providers.
Compoundhttps://compound.finance/
什麼是Compound
Compound 是運行在以太坊上的協議,可以讓個人、開發者或者應用程式通過虛擬幣獲取利息而不需要依賴於任何第三方。跟傳統的money market有點類似,不同在於,不限於某家銀行,全世界都可以共用這個系統,並且允許開發者進行開發。
Compound is a protocol running on Ethereum that lets individuals, developers, and applications earn interest on their crypto without relying on third parties.
使用Compund借貸 Borrowing crypto with Compound
除了獲取利息,Compound協議還允許個人、開發者和應用程式通過一系列的利率市場來借貸虛擬幣;
(提供collateral資產然後借貸稱之為over-collateralized lending,比如存入eth,可以借貸USDT,當然為了控制風險不是1:1,而是引入了collateral factor,比如0.75,然後compound是每個區塊根據供需來算利息)
In addition to earning interest, the Compound protocol also lets individuals, developers, and applications borrow crypto via a series of interest rate markets.
什麼是COMPd代幣?What is the COMP token?
COMP是以太坊代幣,可以讓社區治理Compound協議,COMP持有者享有對協議的變化發展進行提議和選舉的特權。
COMP is an Ethereum token that enables community governance of the Compound protocol. COMP holders have the exclusive right to propose and vote on changes to the protocol.
官網: http://kyber.network/
什麼是Kyber
用戶場景:某個商品只能用DAI購買,但是用戶只有ether,用戶只好通過交易所去兌換DAI,而解決方案kyber是一個去中心化的協議,連接了很多去中心化交易所,為用戶尋找最好的兌換方案,讓以太坊代幣的兌換更加容易和產生最小摩擦。
兌換dapp: https://kyberswap.com/swap
Kyber is a decentralized protocol that aims to make exchanging Ethereum tokens easy and frictionless.
什麼是KNC What is KNC?
KNC是以太坊代幣,用來治理kyber協議,從而形成一個所謂的kyber DAO自治組織,KNC的持有者可以抵押代幣用來為協議升級投票,從而可以獲取獎勵,獎勵來自前面的去中心化交易費用。
投票地址:kyber.org
Kyber Network Crystal (KNC) is the Ethereum token that’s used to govern the Kyber protocol. KNC holders can stake their tokens to vote on changes to the protocol and earn rewards.
Kyber如何賦能DeFi How does Kyber power DeFi?
跟傳統的被各大銀行、保險公司等機構壟斷的中心化金融行業不同,去中心化金融有著天然的全球性,移除過多的中間人和各種限制,用戶可以簡單的通過一個手機app就可以一站式儲蓄、交易、購買保險,自動化投資,kyber扮演的角色就是Kyber可以為去中心化金融提供運行在以太坊上的眾多服務的流動性,這些服務包括應用程式、錢包和交易所,流動性可以讓一種資產可以高效的轉換成另外一種資產,一個簡單的場景就是用戶可以用一種資產購買某件產品,然後商家可以用自己喜歡的資產來做結算。
Kyber helps power decentralized finance (DeFi) by providing liquidity to a wide range of services running on Ethereum, including apps, wallets, and exchanges.
免費獲取虛擬幣,推薦筆者使用了六年的AEX(前身比特時代),目前有贈送活動,可以直接註冊體驗,長按或掃描圖片二維碼(微信可能會屏蔽,需要瀏覽器打開):