託福閱讀中有一類題型會讓很多同學頭疼不已，甚至很多同學出現只錯這種題的情況，這個題型就是我們常見的詞彙題。
詞彙題在閱讀分數中佔據三分之一，並且通常被考到的詞彙也是非常關鍵性的，對理解文章整個的大意或整段的核心思想有著緊密聯繫。
所以今天就讓我們一起來細數一下那些在託福考試中容易錯選或根本不知道選什麼的同義詞配對。
elaborate=complex
elaborate=develop
對於這組詞彙，很多同學在初次遇見時，很難直接把他們進行同義的對應。
complex和develop的意思大家應該還是比較明確的，但是elaborate的確切含義很多同學其實不是很清楚，即使是背過也只是腦海中有個模糊的意思，記得好像，大概，也許是指「詳細地……」這類意思。很多同學會覺得「詳細地……」和「複雜的」以及「發展」看起來並沒有什麼同義的關係。
其實elaborate
作為形容詞時的意思是made or done with great care or with much detail; marked by complexity精心製作的複雜的;
作為動詞時的意思是to give more details about something; to bring something to a more advanced or developed state詳細制定，詳盡闡述
從它的英文釋義中就不難看出它和complex以及develop的同義之處了。
respectively=in that order
Wind pollination does, of course, require a lot of pollen. Birch and hazel trees can produce 5.5 and 4 million grains per catkin, respectively.
The word "respectively" in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. over time
B. separately
C. in that order
D. consistently
對於這組詞彙，想必大家疑惑的是respectively這個詞。在我們記憶的中文意思中，respectively這個詞就是指「分別地」, 所以在選擇上面的詞彙題時，無數同學都會前赴後繼地掉入separately這個大坑裡。
殊不知此「分別」並不是彼「分別」。
respectively意為in the order given。
【例子】
Mary and Anne were respectively 12 and 16 years old. Mary和Anne分別是12歲和16歲。(Mary12歲，Anne16歲)。
而separately意為apart from others， not joined or connected。
【例子】
He had insisted that we went separately to the club. 他堅持我們不要一塊兒去俱樂部。
了解清楚這兩個「分別地」的意思之後，再結合文章語境去選擇，答案就一目了然了。
afford=provide
這是一組部分意思重複的詞彙配對，也是對熟詞僻義的考察。
afford作為動詞時有兩層意思，第一個大家熟悉的「買得起，負擔得起」，第二個「提供」，This affords us the opportunity to ask questions about how the systems might change. 這給我們提供了就系統可能如何改變進行提問的機會。
pronounced=marked
這也是一組讓大家大跌眼鏡的同義配對，表示「發音」的pronounce加了個d怎麼就變成「明顯的」了。
一方面，pronounced作為形容詞本身就有strong marked的意思，另一方面，pronounce作為動詞時還可以指「宣稱，宣布」，根據這個意義再去體會上下文語境，就能感悟到這組同義配對之間的奧秘了。
Citizens of prosperous, essentially middle-class republics --- whether ancient Romans, seventeenth-century Dutch burghers, or nineteenth-century Americans --- have always shown a marked taste for portraiture.
The word "marked" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) pronounced
(B) fortunate
(C) understandable
(D) mysterious
pursue=engage in
Whereas the East could pursue war and diplomacy more effectively with their enemies on the long eastern frontier, the West was exposed to the more volatile tribal Germanic peoples on a frontier that stretched along the Rhine and Danube rivers for 1,000 miles.
The word 「pursue」 in the passage is closest in meaning to
A. expand
B. engage in
C. control
D. avoid
同學們應該都知道pursue有「追求，繼續，追捕」的意思，然而滿懷期待地去瀏覽選項時，卻並沒有發現體現這個意思的答案，不禁又一次因為ETS對人生產生了懷疑。
其實本題考察的也是一個pursue的不常用的意思「執行，實行」。
【例子】
The government will be free to pursue its economic policies. 政府將可不受限制地實行其經濟政策。
所以本題對應engage in，表示「從事，實行」之意。
通過上述的分析，我們再來做幾個詞彙題的小練習，看看你還會不會中招?
1)Doorways were larger and more decorative. Fireplaces became decorative features of rooms. Walls were made of plaster or wood, sometimes elaborately paneled.
The word "elaborately" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) done in great detail
(B) put together carefully
(C) using many colors
(D) reinforced structurally
2)People in such places would have had at least two reasons to pursue cultivation and animal raising; they would have had access to new information, plants, and animals brought in by traders, and they would have had a need for something to trade with the people passing through.
The word 「pursue」 in the passage is closet in meaning to
(A) practice
(B) encourage
(C) prefer
(D) combine
3)The linsey-woolsey covering was found in the colder regions of the country because of the warmth it afforded.
The word "afforded" is closest in meaning to which of following?
(A) provided
(B) spent
(C) avoided
(D) absorbed
4)On clear still nights when the heat island is pronounced, a small thermal low-pressure area forms over the city.
The word 「pronounced」 in the passage is closet in meaning to
(A) examined
(B) relative
(C) strongest
(D) darkest
做完再看答案哦：AAAC
看完之後有沒有覺得對託福閱讀有所幫助呢?
最新熱文推薦：
2017年美國重要節假日安排一覽
2017年加拿大重要節假日安排一覽
2017Times世界大學排名
2017託福考試時間安排
2017雅思考試時間安排
2016留學考試年度報告
（實習編輯：莫穎）