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【整體評述】：
今年的四級閱讀難度適中，各個板塊閱讀的主題也比較易於理解，比如選詞填空部分的霧霾氣候和汙染，仔細閱讀部分討論的居住在綠化區域的城鎮居民和幸福之間的關係，這些生活化的主題無疑從心理上也給我們增強了考試的信心，且仔細閱讀部分較往年更簡單。
選詞填空部分，考察了今年名詞考7個，動詞考5個，形容詞考2個，副詞1個。大部分空格通過我們課上講的句子結構和句子成分都能夠很容易的判斷出來。比如本篇考到的形容詞被用來修飾名詞，副詞用來修飾形容詞，動詞用作句子的謂語，不定式後面接動詞原形，分詞用作狀語等等。另外，今年的選詞填空生僻詞彙也不是很多，所以此部分只要我們能夠分析出正確的句式，理解文章的意思，還是很容易得分的。 段落信息匹配部分，需要同學們能夠巧妙地運用跳讀，掃讀，詳讀和略讀相結合的方法，一一攻克，且注意，此題型不可用排除法，並且應該按照先易後難的原則進行解題。從四級閱讀仔細閱讀的文章內容和出題來看，考察的內容定位都比較清晰，題幹中出現的詞很多都可以從文章中找到，也不難去進行一個同義替換，小部分需要推理，整體難度適中，同學們只要按照老師講解的正確的解題方法以及閱讀方法，平時多積累單詞，多進行練習，考試時遇到類似的難度，也會輕而易舉的把它拿下。
現在我們就本套試卷簡單地給大家做一個解析。
選詞填空真題
Since the 1940s,southern California has had a reputation for smog. Things are not as bad as they once were but, according to the American Lung Association, Los Angeles is still the worst city in the United States for levels of 26 .Gazing down on the city from the Getty Center, an art museum in the Santa Monica Mountains, one would find the view of the Pacific Ocean blurred by the haze(霾).Nor is the state’s bad air 27 to its south. Fresno, in the central valley, comes top of the list in America for year-round pollution. Residents』 hearts and lungs are affected as a 28 .
All of which, combined with California’s reputation as the home of technological 29 ,makes the place ideal for developing and testing systems designed to monitor pollution in 30 .And that is just what Aclima, a new firm in San Francisco, has been doing over the past few months. It has been trying out monitoring that are 31 to yield minute-to-minute maps of 32 air pollution. Such stations will also be able to keep an eye on what is happening inside buildings, including offices.
To this end, Aclima has been 33 with Google’s Street View system. Davida Herzl, Aclima’s boss, says they have revealed pollution highs on days when San Francisco’s transit workers went on strike and the city’s 34 were forced to use their cars. Conversely, 「cycle to work」 days have done their job by 35 pollution lows.
A) assisted B)collaborating C)consequence D)consumers E)creating
F) detail G) domestic H) frequently I) inhabitants J) innovation K) intended
L) outdoor M) pollutants N) restricted O) sum
選詞填空參考答案：
26. M) pollutants
27. N) restricted
28. C) consequence
29. J) innovation
30. F) detail
31. K) intended
32. L) outdoor
33. B) collaborating
34. I) inhabitants
35. E) creating
選詞填空解析：
36. M) pollutants 空格處句子結構完整，且 for levels of 作為名詞性短語表原因，考慮缺少一個名詞， 且前文提到Los Angeles is still the worst city，故把選項中的名詞依次代入，可確定M) pollutants是本題答案，意思是「汙染物」。
37. N) restricted 空格所在的句子Nor is the state’s bad air to用了倒裝，可判斷缺少一個形容詞或是done和to構成固定搭配，根據文章意思，霧霾是不局限於某一個城市的，可知N) restricted「限制於」是正確答案。
38. C) consequence 空格處所在句子結構完整，前面有個a，故缺少一個單數名詞，構成as a_ 搭配，又根據句意「當地居民的心臟和肺部被影響」，所以是壞的結果，故把選項中的單數名詞代入，可知，備選項C) consequence 「結果」是正確答案。
39. J) innovation 空格處句子結構完整，且位於形容詞 technological的後面，故缺少名詞， 表達「是科技__之家」，後面提到發展測試系統，故把選項中的名詞代入，可知 J) innovation創新，是正確答案。
40. F) detail 空格處句子結構完整，並構成in介詞短語，可知缺少名詞，並in介詞短語在整個句子中充當狀語，把選項中的名詞代入，可知 F) detail，是正確答案，in detail詳細地。
41. K) intended 根據分析句子結構可知，空格處缺少形容詞或被動態，並與to 搭配，把合適選項帶入，根據句意，可知K) intended為答案，因為be intended to do 表「被打算用來……」。
42. L) outdoor空格處在介詞of後面，故和air pollution構成名詞短語，可知缺少形容詞，後一句出現 inside buildings, 與之對照，故選L) outdoor戶外的。
43. B) collaborating 空格處明顯為一個時態，完成進行時，故缺少doing與with構成固定搭配，將選項中的doing帶入，根據句意可知，答案為B) collaborating合作。
44. I) inhabitants 根據the city’s可知缺少名詞，根據謂語were可知該名詞為複數，且表示人，只有 I) inhabitants居民合適，故答案為 I) inhabitants居民。
45. E) creating 空格前為介詞by，故判斷空格處缺少doing，先只剩下E) creating 創造，帶入句意合適，故答案為E) creating。
仔細閱讀真題一
Passage one
46. Why does the author say that one needn’t be concerned about memory slips?
A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
B) They occur only among certain groups of people.
C) Not all of them are related to one’s age.
D) They are quite common among fifty-year-olds.
47. What happens as we become aged according to the passage?
A) Our interaction skills deteriorate.
B) Some parts of our brain stop functioning.
C) Communication within our brain weakens.
D) Our whole brain starts shrinking.
48. Which memory-related symptom should people take seriously?
A) Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
B) Inability to recall details of one’s life experiences.
C) Failure to remember the names of movies or actors.
D) Occasionally confusing the addresses of one’s friends.
49. What should people do when signs of serious memory loss show up?
A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve. C) Turn to a professional for assistance.
B) Stop medications affecting memory. D) Exercise to improve their well-being.
50. What is Dr Daffner’s advice for combating memory loss?
A) Having regular physical and mental checkups.
B) Taking medicine that helps boost one’s brain.
C) Engaging in known memory repair activities.
D) Staying active both physically and mentally.
真題一Passage one答案：
46. A) Not all of them are symptoms of dementia.
47. C) Communication within our brain weakens.
48. A) Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines.
49. A) Check the brain’s cognitive reserve.
50. D) Staying active both physically and mentally.
真題一Passage one解析：
46. 答案A
解析：題幹問的是原因，根據定位詞needn’t be concerned和memory slips定位到第一段第三句，其中needn’t be concerned和needn’t worry是同義替換，第四句表明原因：there are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss痴呆和因年長導致的記憶缺失有明顯的區別，與A選項意思一致。其他三個選項均不符題意。
47. 答案C
解析：根據定位詞become aged定位到第三段，其中the brain ages和become aged為同義替換，注意第二段沒有考點不需要讀。原文changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain與C選項意思一致。其他三個選項均不符題意。
48. 答案A
解析：題幹問的是「人們應該嚴肅對待哪一種記憶相關的症狀」，根據定位詞take seriously定位到第五段，文中more serious與take seriously是同義替換，文中when you forget entire experience與A選項Totally forgetting how to do one’s daily routines是同義替換，故答案為A。
其他三個選項均不符題意。
49. 答案A
解析：根據定位詞signs of serious memory loss show up定位到倒數第二段最後一句，原文brain cognitive reserve與A選項意思一致。其他三個選項均不符題意。
50. 答案D
解析：根據定位詞Dr. Daffner’s advice定位到最後一段最後兩句話，原文get physically active與D選項意思一致。其他三個選項均不符題意。
仔細閱讀真題二
Passage one
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people’s mental well-being, a study has suggested, UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short –term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. 「There could be a number of reasons.」 he said, 「for example, people do many things to make themselves happier; they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don’t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery (彩票) winners who had won more than £500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline.」
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas has a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said: 「what you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make us happy.」 He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less mm sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being. Dr. White said, 「There’s growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces.」
46. According to one study, what do green spaces do to people?
A) Improve their work efficiency.
B) Add to their sustained happiness.
C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.
D) Lesson their concerns about material well-being.
47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?
A) Earn more money.
B) Settle in an urban area.
C) Gain fame and popularity.
D) Live in a green environment.
48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?
A) How it affects different people.
B) How strong its positive effect is.
C) How long its positive effect lasts.
D) How it benefits people physically.
49. What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green environment?
A) Their stress was more apparent than real.
B) Their decisions required less deliberation.
C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.
D) Their communication with others improved.
50. According to Dr. White, what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?
A) Find financial support.
B) Improve urban planning.
C) Involve local residents in the effort.
D) Raise public awareness of the issue.
真題二Passage one答案：
46.B) Add to their sustained happiness.
47. A) Earn more money.
48. C) How long its positive effect lasts.
49. D) Their communication with others improved.
50. A) Find financial support.
真題二Passage one解析：
46. 答案B
解析：根據題幹關鍵詞one study和green spaces定位到第一段第一句Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people’s mental well-being, a study has suggested, 其中long-lasting和A選項中的sustained 是同義替換， well-being和happiness是同義替換，故選A選項，其餘均不符合題意。
47. 答案A
解析：根據題幹關鍵詞Dr.White，people和make themselves happier定位到 第一段的第四句people do many things to make themselves happier; they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married，其中 pay rises是A選項中的Earn more money的同義替換。
48. 答案C
解析：題幹的意思是「關於住在更加綠化的城市地區，Dr.White 想發現什麼」，根據關鍵詞find out可定位到第二段第一句：Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas has a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time，其中lasting positive effect 和C選項的How long its positive effect lasts正好吻合，故選C。
49. 答案D
解析：根據關鍵詞reveal和people定位到第三段Explaining what the data revealed和He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less mm sensible decisions and communicated better，其中communicated better和D選項中的communication improved是同義替換，其他選項或是未提及，或是意思相反。
50. 答案A
解析：最後一題答案一般在最後一段，根據關鍵詞government定位，會發現正好和文中的public policy officials是同義替換，分析信息句There’s growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces.」，會發現這句話的中心詞就是money和support，正好和A選項中的financial support是同義替換。
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