高考英語考試中，閱讀題所佔分值比例較高，如果能夠把握好這一題目，英語獲得高分就會相對容易一些。
但從考生做題的比例來看，閱讀中的七選五題型較為困難，很多考生表示：「感覺都讀懂了，但是選項卻沒有選對。」也有的表示「選項之間的迷惑性太多，不容判斷出正確的選項。」
為了讓考生可以更好的應對此類題型，小天為大家整理解題12字口訣，幫助考生突破難點，獲得英語高分。
走馬觀花，草船借箭，木已成舟
在草船借箭部分，第1部分是充分利用小標題解題，同學們有沒有掌握呢？接下來我們講草船借箭剩下的部分：
（2）充分利用提供線索的詞語與內在邏輯關係
邊讀邊做題，重點閱讀設空前後的句子，從中尋找線索，根據線索順藤摸瓜來確定答案。這是解題中最重要的一步。怎麼從上下句來尋找線索呢？
A利用內在的邏輯關係
首先要讀懂上下句的確切意思，然後尋找其內在的邏輯關係，可能是因果關係，也可能是並列、轉折、遞進關係等，通常上一句為下一句做好了鋪墊。因此根據上下文的內在邏輯關係，可以推出設空處的答案。
Imagine a child standing on a diving board four feet high and asking himself the question, 「Should I jump?」 This is what motivation or the lack of it can do. Motivation and goal setting are the two sides of the same coin. 36 Like the child on the diving board, you will stay undecided.
37 More than that, how should you stay motivated to achieve the goal? First, you need to evaluate yourself, your values, your strengths, your weaknesses, your achievements, your desires, etc. Only then should you set your goals.
You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment. There are times when your heart is not in your work. 38 So, slow down and think what you really want to do at that moment. Clarity（清晰）of thoughts can help you move forward.
Another way of setting realistic goals is to analyze your short and long term objectives, keeping in mind your beliefs, values and strengths. Remember that goals are flexible. 39 They also need to be measurable. You must keep these points in mind while setting your goals.
Your personal circumstances are equally important. For example, you may want to be a pilot but can’t become one because your eyesight is not good enough. 40 You should reassess your goals, and motivate yourself to set a fresh goal.
You will surely need to overcome some difficulties, some planned, but most unplanned. You cannot overcome them without ample motivation. Make sure that you plan for these difficulties at the time of setting your goals.
A. This can affect your work.
B. So how should you motivate yourself?
C. However, this should not discourage you.
D. So why should we try to set specific goals?
E. They can change according to circumstances.
F. Motivation is what you need most to do a good job.
G. Without motivation, you can neither set a goal nor reach it.
（2019全國II卷）
【分析】38、39題設空處均位於段中。根據38題設空處下文中的「So」可知，設空處與下文構成因果關係。再根據設空處上文可知，我們會出現不專注於工作的情況，下文提及我們應該慢下來，想想那一刻自己真正做的事是什麼。結合選項，A項既是對上文的解釋，又與下文構成因果關係，故選A項。根據39題設空處下文中的「also」可知，設空處與下文構成並列關係，設空處的主語應與下文中主語「They」一致。結合選項，E項中的「They」與下文主語一致且構成並列關係，故選E項。
B利用上下文中的「詞語」
閱讀語篇時注意觀察，如果選項中有上句或下句的原詞復現、同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或表示同一類事物的詞，其正確率成倍增加。因為上下文中詞彙的範疇越小，上下文的銜接關係越緊密。其次要注意代詞、數字、人名、物名、地名等的指代或復現。利用這些特徵詞可以進一步確認答案。
In an online class, developing healthy patterns of communication with professors is very important. 36 While I have only listed two of each, there are obviously many other situations that can arise. Students should be able to extend the logic（邏輯）of each to their particular circumstance.
Do’s
37 Questions about subject content are generally welcomed. Before asking questions about the course design, read the syllabus（教學大綱）and learning management system information to be sure the answer isn’t hiding in plain sight.
Participate in discussion forums（論壇）, blogs and other open-ended forums for dialogue. 38 Be sure to stay on topic and not offer irrelevant information. Make a point, and make it safe for others to do the same.
Don’ts
Don’t share personal information or stories. Professors are not trained nurses, financial aid experts or your best friends. If you are in need of a deadline extension, simply explain the situation to the professor. 39
Don’t openly express annoyance at a professor or class. 40 When a student attacks a professor on the social media, the language used actually says more about the student. If there is truly a concern about a professor’s professionalism or ability, be sure to use online course evaluations to calmly offer your comments.
A. That’s what they are for.
B. Turn to an online instructor for help.
C. If more information is needed, they will ask.
D. Remember that online professors get a lot of emails.
E. Below are some common do’s and don’ts for online learners.
F. Everyone has taken a not-so-great class at one time or another.
G. Ask questions, but make sure they are good, thoughtful questions.
（2019全國III卷）
【分析】結合文章結構可知，37題設空處為段落主題句。設空處下文主要介紹了提問問題的注意事項。關鍵詞為「questions」，結合選項，故選G項。39題設空處位於段尾。本段首句為段落主題句，由此可知本段主要講述不要分享個人信息或故事。結合選項，C項中出現了主題句中的關鍵詞「information」，故選C項。
C利用關聯詞
關聯詞是用來表示銜接和過渡的，它們在形成文章邏輯結構中起著舉足輕重的路標作用。例如，文中出現表示並列或遞進關係的關聯詞往往表示前後句之間的名詞或句意具備同指性；而表示轉折讓步關係的詞則往往表示前後句子的名詞同指，但句意對立，或褒貶對立或肯否對立；而表示例證關係的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之後有表述概念或某一觀點的句子，往往會有複數名詞出現。
下面是一些常見的關聯詞，可以熟記。
(a) 並列與遞進關係：and, or, also, neither…nor…, either…or…, likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way, that is to say, as well as, the same…as, besides, additionally, furthermore, moreover, in addition, what is more, firstly, secondly…；
(b) 因果關係：because, for, since, as, thus, therefore, so, so…that, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, for this reason, of course；
(c) 轉折讓步關係：but, however, yet, on the contrary, on the other hand, unfortunately, while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of, although, though, even though, even if, nevertheless, despite, in spite of；
(d) 結論概括關係：therefore, in short, to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in all, finally；
(e) 例證關係：for example, such as, for instance, namely, like。
Why Do We Get Angry?
Anger seems simple when we are feeling it, but the causes of anger are various. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, and correct bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（觸發）events, personality traits（特徵）, and our assessment of situations. 51
Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would take hundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic, a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and much more. 52 The reason why someone is triggered by something and others are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.
Each person, no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. People who have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upset tolerance are much more likely to get angry. 53 Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporary state before a triggering event has occurred.
54 Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre-anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative（消極的）outlooks on situations can create anger.
55 However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know the reasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these main reasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day and prevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.
A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.
B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence of anger.
C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.
D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.
E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger is in the background of your mind.
F. Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing to evaluate ourselves with a critical eye.
G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why what triggers one person may or may not trigger another.
（2018北京卷）
【分析】54題設空處位於段首。設空處後面是兩個並列關係的句子，主要描述了一些引起生氣的狀況。根據文章各段落的特點，可知設空處為段落主題句。由此可推測，設空處後面的句子與設空處的句子構成例證關係，概括設空處後面的兩個句子。結合選項，故選A項。
D利用代詞
代詞在文章中起著至關重要的作用。在做七選五題目時，代詞在一定程度上起到線索詞的作用，常常成為正確選擇選項的切入點。尤其在看不懂句子時，利用代詞作為線索去尋找答案也是有效的答題策略。
Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 , there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.
37 . Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.
When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you』ll find them then. 38 . It can help to eliminate（消除）future interruptions.
When you need to talk to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are.
If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter, excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint（暗示）that when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.
A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no
B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work
C. Set boundaries for yourself as far as your time goes
D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area
E. It’s important that you let them know when you』ll be available
F. It might seem unkind to cut people short when they interrupt you
G. Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not
（2017全國II卷）
【分析】39題設空處的內容與後面的句子合起來構成一個完整的句子，表達完整的意思。根據設空處下文可知，找個藉口回去工作要比將別人攆出自己的辦公室容易得多，即使是在你解釋了自己有多忙之後。其中「it」為形式主語，真正的主語是「to excuse yourself to get back to your work」。由此可推測，設空處應與不在自己的辦公室有關。結合選項，D項意為「如果你在別人的辦公室或者在公共區域的話」，符合語境，故選D項。
木已成舟
經過前兩遍的閱讀以後，多數空已經確定答案，可以說大局已定、木已成舟。下面要做的就是再細細琢磨一番。重新閱讀原文，重點是剛才沒做出或不確定的空，排除掉已被選中的答案，將剩餘的答案代入不確定處，用上文說的方法依次對比，選出最佳選項。
此時切記要在所有空已填入的情況下，將全文通讀一遍，看文章從內容上是否語義連貫合理，語篇結構上是否具有一致性，合乎邏輯，上下文是否銜接緊密，寫作思路是否清晰明了，格式以及用語是否恰當貼切。如果所選的答案可以滿足上述標準，則成功完成了此題型。
以上12字口訣，考生可進行多次練習，達到熟練應用的目的。
本文內容來源於：《百朗英語閱讀風暴·閱讀理解微技能深度訓練》。
註：走馬觀花，草船借箭的一些內容之前已經發不過，如果同學們想要再次查看，可給小天留言。