2018年自考《英語翻譯》重點試題及答案
I.Fill in the following blanks (20%):
1/ 翻譯理論又有了新發展。傅雷在《高老頭·重譯本序》中提出：以效果而論，翻譯應當像臨畫一樣，所求的不在形似而在________。60年代錢鍾書在《林紓的翻譯》一文中更進一步提出：文學翻譯的最高標準是「化」。把作品從一國文字轉變成另一國文字，既能不因語文習慣的差異而露出生硬牽強的痕跡，又能完全保存原有的風味，那應算得入於________。
2/ 漢語自有漢語之美。漢語不注重對客觀現實作符合邏輯的形式的描摹，不執著於形式結構的規範。漢語是一種時現「陰柔之美」(________ )的語言。漢語的魅力繫於她的流散和疏放，繫於她的暗示力和________。
3/ 英語不甘於邏輯的內涵，而是將邏輯關係「________」，以明顯的邏輯標記使自己成為一種重「形合」的語言。而漢語則樂於不動聲色的「________」，在其表層結構上不留或少留邏輯痕跡。
4/ 譯文既傳達原文的信息，又儘可能地保持原文的________。直譯是一種重要的翻譯方法。有人估算，翻譯過程中，________的句子要用直譯方法來處理。
5/ 陸殿揚先生就曾明確指出：Translate literally, if possible, or, appeal to____________.(如果可能，就直譯;否則就採取_________。)
6/ 漢語是一種「________」，寥寥數詞，就能出意境，出氛圍，出畫面。所以，漢語中許多________的表達要譯成英語，那簡直是要英語的「命」了。
7/ 形合與意合是語言學涉及句法問題的兩個重要概念。其相應的英語表達系源於希臘語的________和________。
8/ 文體猶如一年中的四季，春夏秋冬，四季分明。文體有正式(the formal style)與非正式(the informal style)之別。再細分，前者含莊嚴體(the Frozen Style)與正式體(the Formal Style);後者含商議體(the Consultative Style)、________(________ )、親密體(the Intimate Style)。正式與非正式之間，也一如四季。
9/ 讀歐陽修《豐樂亭記》裡的「仰而望山，俯而聽泉」，忽悟：此乃借用白居易《廬山草堂記》「仰觀山，俯聽泉」語。此間僅曾一字，則文氣卻異，除增加了一份舒緩外，還別有一番行文趣味。初唐傑出詩人王勃27歲就匆匆離開人世，卻給後人留下了傳世名篇《騰王閣序》，此外，他還寫下了「________,________ 」的千古名句。細究之下，此名句乃脫胎於庾信的「落花與芝蓋齊飛，楊柳共春旗一色」。
10/ 1.Thirty Years Ago, Man Slipped Bonds Of Earth / 2.Kennedy Drama Brings Tributes, Trauma In U.S. Press
兩條標題均隱含幽默。前者________，後者________。
II.English to Chinese (20%):
1/ You look like AL Capone in that suit.
2/ Though a translation may be like old wine in new bottles or a woman in man's clothing, the results can be both tasteful and alive.
3/ It is a long lane that has no turning.
4/ My Heyne’s Tibullus was grasped at such a moment. It lay on the stall of the old book-shop in Goodge Street ---- a stall where now and then one found an excellent thing among quantities of rubbish.
5/ We had plenty of company in the way of wagon-loads and mule-loads of tourists ---- and dust.
6/ Nothing. No tracks but my own are stitched into the dusting of fresh snow, white as birch bark, that fell during the night. No flittering shadows in the trees, not a sliver of bird song in the air.
7/ There are seasons of the heart. There are seasons in our lives, just as there are seasons to all of nature. These seasons cannot be forced any more than one can force the coming of spring by pulling at tender blades of grass to make them grow. It took me a while to understand.
8/ The young girls laugh as they drive the geese over the rocks; they laugh as they climb the low stone walls with their baskets; they laugh as they call off the wild dogs that threaten to devour the stranger; they laugh most of all on evenings at dance time when the men are home from overseas.
9/ Some fishing boats were becalmed just in front of us. Their shadows slept, or almost slept, upon that water, a gentle quivering alone showing that it was not complete sleep, or if sleep, that it was sleep with dreams.
10/ But every time I made a move to get it some passing eye detected my purpose, and of course I straightened up then, and looked indifferent, and pretended that I hadn't been thinking about the pear at all. This same thing kept happening and happening, and I couldn't get the pear. I was just getting desperate enough to brave all the shame, and to seize it, when a window behind me was raised, and a gentleman spoke out of it, saying:
'Step in here, please.'
III.English to Chinese (30%)〖Passage I〗：
1/ The second kind of false travel for conversation, in order that one may talk about it afterwards.
2/ I have seen visitors at Hup』ao of Hangchow, a place famous for its tea and spring water, having their picture taken in the act of lifting tea cups to their lips.
3/ To be sure, it is a highly poetic sentiment to show friends a picture of themselves drinking tea at Hup』ao.
4/ The danger is that one spends less thought on the actual taste of the tea on the photograph itself.
5/ This sort of thing can become an obsession (迷戀;困擾), especially with travelers provided with cameras, as we so often see on sight-seeing buses in Paris and London.
6/ The tourists are too busy with their cameras that they have no time to look at the places themselves.
7/ Of course they have the privilege of looking at them in the pictures afterwards when they go home, but it is obvious that pictures of Trafalgar Square (特拉法爾加廣場，在英國倫敦的威斯敏斯特) or the Champs Elysees(香榭麗舍大街)can be bought in New York or in Peiping.
8/ As these historical places become places to be talked about afterwards instead of places to be looked at, it is natural that the more places one visits, the richer the memory will be, and the more places there will be to talk about.
9/ This urge for learning and scholarship therefore impels the tourist to cover as many points as possible in a day.
10/ He has in his hand a program of places to visit, and as he comes to a place, he checks it off with a pencil on the program. I suspect such travelers are trying to be efficient even on their holiday. (註：譯文請寫出原句的序號)
IV.English to Chinese(30%)〖Passage II〗：
1/ However, a former colleague of Antinori cast doubt on the pregnancy claims on Wednesday, saying that none of the Italian doctor's original team was participating.
2/ 'I don't believe what he has said,' Panos Zavos told the English language daily Cyprus Mail. Zavos is continuing his own cloning research for childless couples.
3/ Scientists have condemned human cloning as irresponsible because of the risk of deformities(畸形)and miscarriage.
4/ The United Nations set up a panel last year aimed at drafting an international treaty to outlaw(宣布…為不合法)the cloning of human beings, but Antinori insisted that many of his colleagues were continuing his research underground.
5/ Antinori went on to accuse President Bush of practicing 'ethical Talibanism' because of the strong stance(姿態)he has taken against cloning experiments.
6/ 'The West and Europe simply aren't realistic in wanting to ban cloning. ' fumed(本義：冒煙)the bronzed professor.
7/ 'They have to understand ---- reproduction, sex, everything linked to privacy cannot be meddled with(幹預)by the State.'
8/ Antinori gained fame after helping a 62-year-old women become a mother using a donated egg in the early 1990s and he told Wednesday's news conference that one thousand babies had now been born using his fertility treatment.
9/ 'The (cloning) project will give millions of people the chance to exercise their ancestral right to reproduce,' he said on Wednesday.(註：譯文請寫出原句的序號)