今日新聞【Today`s news】安倍時代已告別,「令和大叔」菅義偉正式接棒.

安倍時代に別れを告げ、「令和おじさん」菅義偉が正式に引き受けた。

The Abe era has bid farewell, and "Ling and Uncle" Yoshihide Suga officially took over.

「能和國民們一起應對種種挑戰，我為此感到自豪。」

當地時間16日上午，安倍晉三召開臨時內閣會議，宣布全體內閣成員辭職。

會議開始前，安倍通過日本首相官邸推特發布了一則視頻，回顧其執政經歷，向一路支持的日本民眾表示感謝，並呼籲大家給予新一屆內閣更多的理解和支持。

作為日本歷代執政時間最長的首相，安倍在首相崗位上堅守了2,799天後，宣布辭職。至此，持續了七年零八個月的安倍時代正式落下帷幕。

"I am proud to be able to cope with various challenges with the people." On the morning of 16th local time, Abe held a temporary cabinet meeting and announced the resignation of all cabinet members. Before the meeting, Abe posted a video on Twitter, the official residence of the Japanese Prime Minister, reviewing his ruling experience, expressing gratitude to the Japanese people for their support all the way, and calling on everyone to give more understanding and support to the new cabinet. As Japan's longest-serving prime minister, Abe stood firm for 2,799 days and announced his resignation. At this point, the Abe era, which lasted for seven years and eight months, officially came to an end.

下午，日本召開特別國會舉行首相指名選舉，自民黨總裁菅義偉順利當選，正式出任日本第99任首相。目前，菅義偉已經確定內閣成員，接下來，新任官房長官加藤勝信將正式宣布內閣成員名單。

菅義偉將完成安倍晉三剩餘的首相任期，直至明年9月底期滿。

In the afternoon, Japan held a special congress to hold a named election for the prime minister, and Yoshihide Suga, president of the Liberal Democratic Party, was successfully elected as the 99th Prime Minister of Japan. At present, Yoshihide Suga has confirmed the cabinet members. Next, the new Chief Cabinet Secretary Kato Katsunobu will officially announce the list of cabinet members. Yoshihide Suga will complete the remaining term of Prime Minister Shinzo Abe until the end of September next year.

Yoshihide Suga, the newly elected president of Japan's ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), was officially appointed as the country's new prime minister by parliament on Wednesday, becoming the country's first new leader in nearly eight years.

He won 314 votes out of 462 cast by parliament's lower house members. The chamber takes precedence in electing a premier over the upper house, which was also expected to pick Suga because of a ruling bloc majority. 

He is expected to form a cabinet filled with ministers who served under Abe.

在競選演講中，菅義偉表示，這個結果是50多年前初到東京謀生的自己無法想像的，「像我這樣的普通人，只要努力也能立志成為首相。」

菅義偉的勝利，堪稱草根逆襲的絕佳範本。

這位接棒安倍的新首相出身平凡，歷經摸爬滾打，因此頗受日本民眾熱捧。加上工作能力出眾，又有安倍晉三的力挺「加持」，日本朝野普遍對菅義偉較為認可。

而他最為公眾所熟知的，是因為宣布日本新年號「令和」，被親切稱呼為「令和大叔」，這讓菅義偉的人氣進一步水漲船高。

In his campaign speech, Mr Kan said the result was unthinkable for him to make a living in Tokyo more than 50 years ago: "Ordinary people like me can aspire to be prime minister as long as they work hard." "

Kan Yiwei's victory is a perfect example of grass-roots counter-attacks.

Mr Abe's new prime minister, from an ordinary background, has been popular with the Japanese public for his work. Coupled with outstanding ability to work, and Abe's strength to "plus", Japan's Asano generally on Kan Yiwei more recognized.

What he is best known for is the announcement of the Japanese New Year's Order, affectionately known as "Order and Uncle", which has further increased Mr Kan's popularity.

但此次他能從呼聲甚高的石破茂和岸田文雄中脫穎而出，並不僅於此。

今年以來，日本經濟受新冠疫情的衝擊陷入持續低迷，菅義偉關於繼承安倍內閣時期施行的內政外交政策的明確表態，符合當前日本社會普遍希望維持平穩過渡的心理，而他在防控疫情和經濟重啟上的政治理念，則給日本民眾打了一劑「強心針」。

But this time, he can stand out from Shi Pomao and kishida fumio, which are very popular. Since the beginning of this year, the Japanese economy has been continuously depressed by the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic. Yoshihide Suga's clear statement on inheriting the internal and foreign policies implemented during Abe's cabinet period is in line with the psychology that Japanese society generally wants to maintain a smooth transition, while his political ideas on preventing and controlling the epidemic and restarting the economy have given the Japanese people a shot in the arm.

Suga was born in 1948 and graduated from Hosei University in 1973 and obtained a Bachelor of Laws. 

He has pledged to pursue many of Abe's programs, including his signature "Abenomics" economic strategy, and forge ahead with structural reforms, including deregulation and streamlining bureaucracy.

A plethora of challenges are ahead for the new PM, including tackling COVID-19 while reviving a battered economy and dealing with a rapidly aging society.

然而掌舵後的菅義偉，就真的穩了嗎？

However, after taking the helm, is Yoshihide Suga really stable?

日本自5月25日解除緊急狀態以來，國內疫情仍在持續反覆。如何在抗擊疫情的基礎之上保障平穩重啟經濟，是菅義偉組建內閣後面臨的首要考驗。

Since Japan lifted the state of emergency on May 25, the domestic epidemic situation has continued to recur. How to ensure a smooth restart of the economy on the basis of fighting the epidemic is the first test that Yoshihide Suga faces after the formation of the cabinet.

此外，當前各國對新冠疫情的防控效果不一，疫苗研發尚在進行當中，不確定因素仍然存在，這使得已經延期至2021年的東京奧運會是否還能夠順利舉辦，依舊是日本政府的棘手難題。

In addition, the prevention and control effects of COVID-19 epidemic are different in different countries, the research and development of vaccine is still in progress, and uncertain factors still exist, which makes it a thorny problem for the Japanese government whether the Tokyo Olympic Games, which has been postponed to 2021, can be successfully held.

東京奧運會對於日本經濟的刺激作用不言而喻，時任內閣官房長官的菅義偉已多次表態，將和國際奧委會與東京奧組委等有關方面密切合作，在切實防控疫情的前提下，力爭東京奧運會順利舉辦。

The stimulating effect of the Tokyo Olympic Games on the Japanese economy is self-evident. Yoshihide Suga, then Chief Cabinet Secretary, has stated many times that he will work closely with the International Olympic Committee, the Tokyo Olympic Organizing Committee and other relevant parties to strive for the smooth hosting of the Tokyo Olympic Games on the premise of effectively preventing and controlling the epidemic situation.

安倍的離開，標誌著日本維持了8年相對穩定時期的終結，走馬上任的菅義偉將帶領日本走向何方，還需拭目以待。

Abe's departure marks the end of Japan's eight-year relatively stable period. It remains to be seen where Yoshihide Suga will lead Japan.

Though Yoshihide Suga is not new to politics, the new Japanese Prime Minister, will face new leadership challenges in dealing with Japan's ongoing COVID-19 crisis, and helping the country's economy recover in the process.

The coronavirus outbreak has greatly reduced the achievements of the previous economic policies of the Abe cabinet. Japan has entered into a recession for the first time since 2015 amid the coronavirus hit. 

The country's employment situation is also severe, with unemployment rate climbing to 2.9 percent in May, marking the third consecutive increase.

How Suga will tame the pandemic and quickly restore Japan's economy will be a critical touchstone of his leadership. In fact, the pandemic offers Suga a chance to prove that he can stand up to any challenges and lead this country out of a very difficult time.

9月14日自民黨總裁選舉揭曉後，菅義偉向前任安倍晉三獻花。

【After the election of president of Liberal Democratic Party was announced on September 14th, Yoshihide Suga presented flowers to his predecessor Shinzo Abe.】

一、為什麼是菅義偉？

Why Yoshihide Suga?

在本次自民黨總裁選舉中，菅義偉被視為一匹「黑馬」橫空出世，擊敗此前一直呼聲甚高的石破茂和岸田文雄。這一切看似突然，其實早有徵兆。

首要的一點是，菅義偉深得安倍信任，長期備受重用，影響力不斷上升。

早在2006年9月26日，安倍晉三首次組閣，菅義偉就出任內閣總務大臣兼郵政民營化擔當大臣。自2012年底安倍晉三再次上臺以來，菅義偉一直擔任內閣官房長官，是安倍的左膀右臂，身處最高決策層近8年，在自民黨內影響力不可小覷。據報導，日媒將自民黨內無派閥國會議員群體（約70人）稱為菅（義偉）派，是僅次於最大派閥細田派（97人）的第二大勢力。

2019年4月1日，菅義偉公布日本新年號「令和」。

最令人印象深刻的是，2019年4月1日，菅義偉公布日本新年號「令和」。被稱為「令和大叔」，他在日本國內外知名度隨之飆升，成為「後安倍時代」自民黨總裁（兼日本首相）的熱門人選之一。

此外，菅義偉執政理念符合日本社會心理，獲得自民黨高層力挺。

近年來，日本經濟持續低迷，「安倍經濟學」應對乏力，2020年新冠疫情暴發以來更遭重挫。受此影響，日本民眾普遍不希望首相更迭導致政權動蕩。在三位候選人中，岸田文雄和石破茂兩人的執政理念均與安倍晉三相差甚遠。菅義偉則在政策的未來走向上已明確表示，將繼承安倍內閣時期的內政外交政策，積極與各國發展穩定友好關係，尋求在防控疫情和重啟經濟之間找到兩全之策。這一執政理念，顯然最符合日本社會心理。

在安倍晉三、麻生太郎和二階俊博等自民黨高層看來，石破茂的政治主張很難為他們所接受，而岸田文雄基層民意支持率長期低迷，其政策主張在日本民眾中缺乏號召力，兩人優劣互現，而菅義偉相對優勢明顯。自民黨高層從長遠考慮，最終選擇了菅義偉，自民黨執行部以時間緊迫和疫情防控為由，省略地方黨員和支持者投票，採用由自民黨籍國會議員（394票）和47個都府道縣的地方黨部代表（141票）聯合投票的「簡易型」選舉。這種選舉安排，最終促成菅義偉順利當選。

二、草根逆襲，日本朝野評價頗高

1948年12月，菅義偉出生於日本秋田縣一個草莓種植戶家庭，高中畢業後來到東京打拼，先在紙箱工廠靠打工攢學費，後考入日本法政大學。普通家庭出身讓菅義偉博得不少日本民眾的好感，甚至成為草根逆襲的絕佳樣本。在競選演講中，菅義偉說：「我幾乎是從零開始。50多年前剛剛到東京的我應該無法想像今天的自己。像我這樣的普通人，只要努力也能立志成為首相。」在菅義偉宣布參選後，日本社會掀起搶購和閱讀菅義偉早年所著書籍的熱潮，人們想從中了解他的性格特徵和執政理念。

整體來說，日本朝野對菅義偉評價頗高。在選舉揭曉前，除了安倍晉三的站臺外，自民黨幹事長二階俊博曾稱讚菅義偉「能力出眾」；前日本首相田中角榮之長女田中真紀子也稱讚菅義偉「手腕高明，為安倍政權處理了很多棘手之事」。

本次選舉揭曉後，東京都知事小池百合子表示，期待在疫情應對和東京奧運等大事上和菅義偉政權精誠合作，共渡難關；日本經濟團體聯合會（簡稱經團聯）會長中西宏明稱讚菅義偉具備卓越的政策手腕和廣泛的調適能力。

三、疫情應對和東京奧運是棘手難題

安倍提前卸任，留下許多亟待解決的棘手問題，其中以疫情應對和經濟發展最為突出。

據日本媒體報導，截至9月14日20:30（日本時間），日本確診新冠肺炎患者（含鑽石公主號郵輪）76751人，死亡1468人。自5月26日全面解除緊急狀態以來國內疫情迅速蔓延，日本面臨巨大防控壓力，並導致經濟嚴重下滑。對此，菅義偉近來公開表示，當前最重要的事情是抗擊疫情，並在此基礎上努力尋求經濟發展。日本擁有先進的科技實力和雄厚的經濟實力，有信心實現疫情防控和經濟發展「兩立」局面。9月5日，菅義偉在接受《日本經濟新聞》獨家專訪時表示，必須進一步推進實施經濟安全保障機制，並將以國家安全保障局為中心，制訂相關的政策措施。

對於2020年東京奧運，時任內閣官房長官的菅義偉今年上半年曾多次表示希望如期舉辦。在宣布參選總裁後，菅義偉9月3日受訪時表示，將和國際奧委會與東京奧組委等有關方面密切合作，在切實防控疫情的前提下，力爭高質量地舉辦一次安心安全的東京奧運。

日本現任內閣全體辭職 第二次安倍          政權宣告落幕

日本の現職內閣全體が辭任した第二次安倍政権は幕を閉じると宣言した

Japan's current cabinet resigned and the second Abe regime came to an end.

據日本時事通訊社報導，日本首相安倍晉三當地時間16日上午召開臨時內閣會議，匯總內閣成員的辭職書，宣布全體內閣成員辭職。至此，歷時7年零8個月的第二次安倍政權正式宣告落幕。

據報導，當天下午，在眾參兩院的正式會議上將舉行新任首相提名選舉，自民黨總裁菅義偉將成為第99代日本首相，並在16日成立新一屆內閣。菅義偉之後將在首相官邸與公明黨代表山口那津男舉行黨首會談，設立組閣本部。經過在皇宮的首相任命儀式和內閣成員認證儀式後，新內閣將正式啟動。

關於16日成立的日本新內閣，菅義偉已基本決定起用防衛相河野太郎擔任行政改革和規制改革擔當相。世博擔當相將由前環境副大臣井上信治出任。田村憲久將出任厚生勞動相，自民黨前宣傳總部長平澤勝榮任復興相，國家公安委員長武田良太任總務相。前法相上川陽子和前國家公安委員長小此木八郎將再次入閣。此外還將起用眾議員平井卓也出任數字擔當相。經濟產業相梶山弘志和來自公明黨的國土交通相赤羽一嘉將留任。

值得注意的是，防衛相將由首相安倍晉三的胞弟、前外務副大臣岸信夫出任，他與前總務副大臣坂本哲志均為首次入閣。1959年出生的岸信夫，1981年畢業於慶應義塾大學經濟學部，此後在住友商事株式會社的美國、澳洲分公司工作。2004年當選為參議員、2011年當選為眾議員。岸信夫還擔任過防衛大臣政務官、外務副大臣、眾議院安全保障委員長等職務。

副首相兼財務相麻生太郎、外相茂木敏充、經濟再生擔當相西村康稔、文部科學相萩生田光一、環境相小泉進次郎、奧運相橋本聖子也將留任。

自民黨內部方面，官房長官將由厚生勞動相加藤勝信出任。官房副長官將起用前總務副大臣坂井學，現任副長官、參議員岡田直樹基本確定留任。國會對策委員長森山裕也獲得留任。由於此次內閣還為2025年大阪關西世博會設立了專職負責人，內閣成員也隨之增加了1人，達到了20人。

值得注意的是，即將成為日本新首相的菅義偉，對中日關係有著這樣的評價。菅義偉表示，「日本外交的基礎是日美同盟，以此為基礎，與亞洲各國進行緊密交往尤為重要。」菅義偉認為，雖然日本當前與中國等國家存在一些棘手的難題，但他不會在二者中做選擇，而是希望推進能在戰略上與這些國家進行隨時溝通的外交政策。菅義偉還強調，「日中之間存在各種各樣的難題，但重要的是繼續靈活運用高層對話的機會，來逐一解決這些難題。」

It is worth noting that Yoshihide Suga, who will soon become Japan's new prime minister, has such an evaluation of Sino-Japanese relations. Yoshihide Suga said, "The foundation of Japanese diplomacy is the Japan-US alliance. Based on this, it is particularly important to have close contacts with Asian countries." Yoshihide Suga believes that although there are some difficult problems between Japan and China, he will not choose between the two, but hopes to promote a foreign policy that can communicate with these countries strategically at any time. Yoshihide Suga also stressed that "there are various problems between Japan and China, but it is important to continue to use the opportunity of high-level dialogue flexibly to solve these problems one by one."