如果您在埃塞僱傭和管理當地工人的時候出現勞資糾紛，甚至被告上法庭，這種情況屢見不鮮，應廣大同胞要求，我們把<埃塞勞動法>原文配上中文解讀，如果您有需求可以仔細閱讀和收藏，也可以轉發給您的朋友，為了我們華人同胞的利益，避免走彎路。由於平臺限制字數，以下是第一部分的解讀。比較重要的地方我們用紅字標註出來了。
衣索比亞聯邦民主共和國
勞資公告
二零零三年第三百七十七號
CONTENTS
內容
ProclamationNo.377/2003
377/2003號公告
PROCLAMATION NO. 377/2003
LABOUR PROCLAMATION
377/2003號公告
勞資公告
WHEREAS, it is essential to ensure thatworker-employer relations are governed by the basic principles of rights andobligations with a view to enabling workers and employers to maintainindustrial peace and work in the spirit of harmony and cooperation towards theall-round development of our country;
鑑於從根本上保證工人和僱主的關係受基本權利和義務原則的約束，使工人和僱主在和諧、合作的精神下工作以取得國家的全面發展；
WHEREAS, it has been found necessary toguarantee the right of workers and employers to from their respectiveassociations and to engage, through their lawful elected representatives, incollective bargaining, as well as to lay down the procedure for the expeditioussettlement of Labor disputes, whicharise between workers and employers;
鑑於有必要保證工人和僱主有權建立各自的組織和團體，通過合法選舉的代表參加勞資會議，頒布具體程序，以期迅速解決勞資爭議；
WHEREAS, it is necessary to strengthenand define by law the powers and duties of the organ charged with the responsibilityof inspecting, in accordance with the law, labor administration, particularlylabor conditions, occupational safety, health and work environment;
鑑於有必要通過法律加強和限定政府監察組織的權利和責任，這些組織負責勞工管理，特別是勞工條件、安全、健康和工作環境；
WHEREAS, it has been found necessary torevise the existing Labor law providing for the basic principles which governworker-employer relations and for labor conditions taking into account thepolitical, economic and social policies of the Government and in commitments towhich Ethiopia is a party with a view to translating into practice theobjectives referred to above;
鑑於有必要頒布一部法律以規定支配工人-僱主關係的基本原則，考慮到埃塞政府的政治、經濟、社會政策及勞動條件，並按照國際慣例及衣索比亞應承擔的其他法定義務，以付諸實踐上述目標；
NOW, THEREFORE, in accordance withSub-Article 1 and 3 of Article 55 of the Constitution of the Federal DemocraticRepublic of Ethiopia, it is hereby proclaimed as follows:
因此，根據衣索比亞聯邦民主共和國憲章第55章第1條和第3條的規定，現頒布法律如下：
PARTONE
GENERAL
第一部分
總則
1. ShortTitle
簡短標題
ThisProclamation may be cited as the 「Labor Proclamation No.377/2003」.
公告名稱為「勞動法公告42/1993號」。
2. Definitions
定義
In this Proclamation:
在本公告中：
1) 「employer」 means a person or an undertaking who employs one or morepersons in accordance with Article 4 of this Proclamation;
「僱主」指根據本公告第四章僱傭一個或多個人的個人或企業。
2) 「undertaking」 means any entityestablished under a united management for the purpose of carrying on any commercial,industrial, agricultural, construction or any other lawful activity;
「企業」指在聯合管理之下，為開展任何商業、工業、農業、建設或任何其他合
法活動為目的而建立的任何實體；
Any branch carrying on the activitiesof an undertaking which is designated separately and which enjoys operationalor organizational autonomy shall be deemed to be a separate undertaking;
開展單獨指定的，享受業務上或組織上自主權的企業活動的任何分支機構，將被視為是一個獨立的企業；
3) "worker" means a personwho has an employment relationship with an employer in accordance with Article4 of this Proclamation.
「工人」指根據本公告第四章與僱主有僱傭關係的個人；
4) "minister" or "ministry" means the Minister or Ministryof Labor and Social Affairs respectively or Bureau of Regional Labor and SocialAffairs.
「部長」或「部」指勞動與社會事務部部長或勞動與社會事務部；
5) "work rules" means, subject to the provisions of this Proclamationand other relevant laws, an internal rules which govern working hours, restperiod, payment of wages and the method's of measuring work done, maintenanceof safety and the prevention", of accidents, disciplinary measures and itsimplementation as well as other conditions of work;
「工作準則」指從屬於本公告規定及其他相應法律，支配工作、時間、休息期、工資支付及衡量所作工作的方法，安全維護及事故防止，紀律措施及其實施以及別的工作條件、內部規則；
6) "conditions of work" means the entire filed of relationsbetween workers and employers and shall also include hours of work, wage,leave, payments due to dismissal, workers health and safety, compensation tovictims of employment injure, dismissal because of redundancy, grievanceprocedure and any other similar matters.
「工作條件」指工人與僱主之間全部的關係條件，不受任何限制，包括工作時間、工資、休假、解僱費、工人健康及安全，僱用人員受傷致死的賠償，解僱超員人員、糾紛措施及其他類似情況。
7)"Region" means any region asper Article47 of the Constitution of Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia. Forthe purpose of this Proclamation it also includes Addis Ababa and Dire DawaAdministration.
「地區」指衣索比亞聯邦民主共和國憲法第47條中規定的地區。根據本公告，也包括阿迪斯阿貝巴和德雷達瓦市。
3. Scope of Application
適用範圍
1) Without prejudice to Sub-Article (2) of this Article, thisProclamation shall be applicable to employment relations based on a contract ofemployment that exist between a worker and an employer.
不違反本章附款２）的規定，本公告適用於基於工人和僱主至今籤定的僱傭合同的僱傭關係。
2) This Proclamation shall not be applicable to the following employmentrelations arising out of a contract of employment:
本公告將不適用於下列僱主合同以外發生的僱傭關係：
(a) contracts for the purpose of upbringing, treatment, care orrehabilitation;
為撫養、治療、關懷或恢復起見的契約；
(b) contracts for the purpose of educating or training other thanapprentice;
非以教育學徒、培訓為目的的契約；
(c) managerial employee who is vested with powers to lay down andexecute
management policies by law or bythe delegation of the employer depending on the
type of activities of theundertaking with or without the aforementioned powers an
individual who is vested with the power tohire, transfer, suspend, layoff, assign or
take disciplinary measures againstemployees and include professionals who
recommend measures to be taken bythe employer regarding managerial issues by
using his independent judgment in theinterest of the employer;
與直接從事企業的較大管理功能並在法律授予的權利範圍作出決定的擔任管理
職務的人有關的合同，或在法律授權的範圍內僱傭、轉讓、取消、解僱、委派
或對僱員採取紀律措施的無上述權利的個人，包括隨企業的活動類別而定的專
業人員；
(d)contracts of personal service for non-profit making purposes;
非賺取利潤目的的個人服務契約；
(e) contracts relating to personssuch as members of the Armed Force, members of the
Police Force, employees of stateadministration, judges of courts of law, prosecutors
and others whose employmentrelationship is governed by special laws;
與諸如軍隊成員、武警成員、政府部門僱員、法院法官、檢察官及其僱傭關係
受特殊法律控制的其他人員有關的契約；
(f) contracts relating to a person who performs an act, forconsideration, at his own
business or professionalresponsibility.
與考慮到報酬，自己負責業務或買賣或在執行服務合同中原有專門職責，履行
法規有關的人的契約。
3) Notwithstanding the provisions of Sub-Article (1) of this Article:
儘管本條附款１）之規定：
(a)unless the Council of Ministersby regulations decides, or an international agreement to
whichEthiopiais a signatory providesotherwise, employment relation between
Ethiopian citizens and foreigndiplomatic missions or international organizations
operating within the territory of Ethiopia shall be governed by this proclamation;
埃塞公民與外國外交使團或在埃塞境內工作的國際組織間的僱傭關係除非是籤
約國關係；除非按規章部長議會決定，或除非埃塞屬某國際協議的籤約國；
(b)the Council of Ministers may, by regulations, determine the inapplicability ofthis
Proclamation on employmentrelations established by religious or charitable
organizations:
按規章，部長議會可決定不適用於本公告的規定，與宗教或慈善機構組織建立
有關的僱傭合同；
(c) the Council of Ministers shallissue regulation governing conditions of work
applicable to personalservices.
部長議會應頒布適用於個人服務的工作條件的管理規定。
PARTTWO
EmploymentRelations
第二部分
僱傭關係
CHAPTERONE
Contractof Employment
第一章
僱傭合同
SECTIONONE
Formationof Contract of Employment
第一節
合同構成
4. Element of a Contract ofEmployment
合同組成部分
1) A contract of employment shall be deemedformed where a person agrees directly or indirectly to perform work for andunder the authority of an employer for a definite or indefinite period or piecework in return for wage.
個人直接或間接的同意並在僱主的職權範圍內作定期或不定期工作或臨時工作並獲得酬勞的僱傭合同必須視為成立；
2) A contract of employment shall be stipulated clearly and in suchmanner as that the parties are left with no uncertainty as to their respectiverights and obligations under the terms thereof.
僱傭合同應以當事人（雙方）不留下疑問的方式明確規定，雙方應根據這些條款盡各自的權利和職責。
3) A contract of employment shall specify the type of employment andplace of work the rate of wages, method of calculation thereof, manner andinterval of payment and duration of the contract.
僱傭合同必須詳細說明僱傭類型、工作地、工資額、工資計算方法、支付方式和時限以及合同期。
4) A contract of employment shall not be concluded for the performanceof unlawful or immoral activities.
僱傭合同不應為不合法的和不道德的活動締結。
5) The contract of employment shall not lay down less favorableconditions for the employee than those provided for by law, collectiveagreement or work rules.
僱傭合同不該為受僱人提供比由法律、集體協議或工作準則擬定的更不利的條件。
5. Form
格式
Unless otherwise provided by law, a contract of employment shall not besubject to any special form.
除非另由法律規定，僱傭合同不必受特殊格式的支配。
6. Contract of Employment madein writing
書面僱傭合同
Subjectto the provisions of the relevant law, a written contract of employmentshall specify the following:
根據相關法律的規定，書面僱傭合同應詳細說明下列情況：
1) the name and address of the employer;
僱主的姓名及地址；
2) the name, age, address and work card number, if any, of the worker;
工人的姓名、年齡、工作卡號碼（如果有的話）；
3)the agreement of the contracting parties made in accordance withArticle 4 Sub-Article (3) of this Proclamation; and
根據本公告第四條附款3）規定的合同雙方訂立的協議；以及
4) the signature of the contractingparties.
合同雙方的籤字。
7. Contract of Employment not madein writing
非書面訂立的僱傭合同
1)Where the contract of employment-is not made in written form, the employershall, within 15 days from the conclusion of the contract, give the worker a writtenand signed statement containing the requirements specified under Article 6 ofthis Proclamation.
在僱傭合同不是以書面形式訂立的地方，僱主必須在從合同締結的15天內，根據本公告第六條給予工人以包括詳細要求並籤字的詳細說明。
2) If the written statement referred to in Sub-Article (1) of thisArticle is not wholly or partly objected to by the worker within 15 days fromthe date of receipt, it shall be deemed a contract of employment concluded betweenthe worker and the employer.
如果涉及本條附款1）中內容的書面合同，從收到之日起的15天內不是全部或部分的遭到工人反對，該合同不可視為工人與僱主之間締結的僱傭合同。
8.Failure to Comply Condition
違約
Failure to comply with the requirements of the provisions of Article 6or 7 shall not deprive the worker of his rights under this Proclamation.
違反第六或第七條的有關規定，本公告下規定的工人的權利不應被剝奪。
SECTIONTWO
Durationof Contract of Employment
第二節
僱傭合同有效期
9.Contract of Employment for an indefinite period
無固定期限合同
Any contract of employment shall bedeemed to have been concluded for an indefinite period except for thoseprovided for under Article 10 hereunder.
除下述條款第10條中規定的條款外，任何不定期僱傭合同必須視為已經締結。
10.Contract of Employment for DefinitePeriod or Piece Work
定期或計件工合同
1) A contract of employment maybe concluded for a definite period or for piecework in the case of:
在下列情形下，可締結定期或計件工合同：
(a) the performance of specified piece work for which the employee isemployed;
詳細說明的計件工作業；
(b)the replacement of a worker who is temporarily absent due to leave orsickness or other
causes;
替代因休假、生病或其他原因而暫時缺席的工人；
(c) the performance of work inthe event of abnormal pressure of work;
在非正常的工作壓力下的施工；
(d) the performance of urgent work to prevent damage or disaster to lifeor property, to
repair defectsor break downs in works, materials, buildings or plant of the undertaking;
為防止危及生命財產安全的損壞或災害，排除故障或工程材料、建築物或企業廠
房的倒塌所進行的緊急工作作業；
(e) an irregular work which relates to permanent part of the work of anemployer but
performed on an irregularintervals;
涉及僱主的永久性工程部分，但在非正常間隔時間內出現的零星工作；
(f) seasonal works which relate to the permanent part of the works of anemployer but
performed only for a specifiedperiod of the year but which are regularly repeated in the
course of the years;
涉及僱主工程的永久性部分，僅在本年的規定期所進行的，然而又是這幾年中
有規律的反覆的季節性工程。
(g) an occasional work which does not form part of the permanentactivity of the employer
but which is doneintermittently;
不構成僱主的永久性工程部分，但斷斷續續得所作的臨時性工作。
(h) the temporary placement of a worker who has suddenly and permanentlyvacated from
a post having a contract of an indefiniteperiod;
擁有無固定期限合同，突然及永久性的離開崗位的工人的臨時工作；
(i) the temporary placement of a worker to fill a vacant position in theperiod between the
study of the organizationalstructure and its implementation.
在組織機構學習至實施期間，補充缺席崗位的工人的臨時工作。
2) A contract of employment under Sub-Article l (h) and (i) of thisArticle shall not exceed 45 consecutive days and shall be done only once.
本條附款1）(h)及(i)中規定的僱傭合同條款不用超過45天，且只能籤訂一次。
11. Probation Period
試用期
1) A person may be employed for a probationperiod for the purpose of testing his suitability to a post in which he isexpected to be assigned.
個人的僱傭，要經歷一段試用期，以檢驗其是否適合對在僱用合同基礎上所要指派的工作崗位。
2) A worker re-employed by thesame employer for the same job shall not subject to probation.
再次受僱於同一僱主進行同一工種的工人可免去試用期。
3) When the parties agree to have a probationperiod, the agreement shall be made in writing, In such a case, the probationperiod shall not exceed forty five ( 45) consecutive days.
雙方同意有一段試用期，需以書面訂立協議，這種情況下，試用期不超過45個連續日。
4) Unless the law or workrules or collective agreement provides otherwise, the worker shall have duringthe probation period, the same rights and obligations that a worker who hascompleted his probation period has.
除非法律、工作準則或集體協議另有規定，工人在試用期間必須有與已完成試用期的工人同樣的權利和義務。
5) If the worker proves to beunfit for the job during his probation, the employer can terminate the contractof employment without notice and being obliged to pay severance mayor compensation;
如果工人在試用期間不適合該項工作，僱主可自行終止僱傭合同，無需被迫支付解僱費或補償金。
6) Aworker on probation may terminate his contract of employment without notice.
試用期工人可以自行終止其僱用合同。
7) If the worker continues towork after the expiry of the probation period, a contract of employment for theintended period or type of work shall be deemed to have been concluded from thebeginning of the probation period.
如果工人在試用期滿後繼續工作，締約期或工種的僱傭合同必須從試用期開始視為已經締結。
（未完待續，敬請期待）