外刊閱讀day 220，文章來自1月22日《紐約時報》。
距離武漢封城已長達一周年，去年的這時幾乎所有的人都在居家隔離，這樣的經歷於每個人而言都是終身難忘的。
生活在武漢的人們，從事著不同的行業，但都經歷了這樣一個有痛苦、恐懼還有溫暖和感動的時期。
對於曾經經歷的一幕幕，他們究竟會有怎樣的感慨，讓我們走進這篇文章來一同去體會吧！
【文章難度】⭐⭐⭐（文末可下載全文pdf）
【總詞數】1503詞
Voices From China’s Covid-19 Crisis:
『If I Survive This, What Will I Do?』
來自新冠疫情親歷者的聲音：
「如果我活下來了，我將會怎麼做？」
⚠️小提示：Covid-19 是coronavirus disease 2019的縮寫，譯為2019冠狀病毒病
They are survivors, essential workers and specialists still trying to understand the physical and emotional effects of the coronavirus. They make up a tapestry of people, offering a view of the first months of the pandemic, and of what China’s recovery means.
他們是倖存者、必要行業工作者和專家。他們仍然在試圖理解新冠病毒對身體和情感的影響。以下由各行各業的人為我們展示大流行最初幾個月的情況，以及中國的復甦意味著什麼。
🌟essential
[ɪˈsenʃl] adj.基本的、必要的
例句：The essential difference between he and me is in our attitude to study.他和我之間的根本區別在於我們對學習的態度不同。
📒Essential作為名詞運用時其複數形式為essentials，essential在四六級、考研等各型考試中都是重點單詞哦！
🌟make up 補足、化妝、編造、彌補
📒make v.準備
📒與make up有關的短語：
1）make up for 彌補、賠償
例句：You should make up fou this accident.你應對這次事故進行賠償。
2）make up to 接近、巴結、討好
例句：we don’t need to make up to anyone.我們不必去討好任何人。
🌟tapestry
[ˈtæpəstri]
n.壁毯、掛毯、織錦、繡帷
v.用掛毯裝飾
例句：The seats of the chairs had been recovered in tapestry.椅子上又鋪上了花毯。
📒根據以上兩個詞和詞組我們就可以理解這句話的意思了，把各種織錦編造起來，由於後面承接的賓語是people，這樣解釋顯然不合適，根據上下文語境就可以解釋成把各行各業的人聚集起來，再根據整段顯然就能翻譯通順了。在閱讀中常會出現這樣的用法要靈活變通哦。
🌟a view of 一個……的觀點、……的風景
📒view [vjuː]
n.看法、視線、風景
v.把…視為、認為
例句：A view of love 愛情觀
A year after the Covid-19 lockdown in the Chinese city of Wuhan — the first in the world, and still one of the harshest — we asked six people, some of whom we spoke to at the height of the outbreak, to describe what they had been through.
一年前，中國城市武漢因新冠病毒而封城——這是世界上第一個，也是最嚴苛的一次封鎖，一年後，我們向六個人詢問了他們的經歷，其中一些人在疫情暴發時曾經接受過我們的採訪。
🌟spoke to 證明、責備、對某人說話
📒spoke有兩種詞性：
一種為名詞詞性譯為：輻條、輪輻；
另一種為動詞speak的過去式 譯為說話
例句：She never spoke to him from that day.從那天起她再也沒和他說話。
These interviews have been edited and condensed for clarity.
為了表述的清晰與簡潔，訪談經過了編輯和縮減。
🌟clarity
[ˈklærəti] n.清晰、清楚、明確
⚠️是四六級考研詞彙
例句：He made his viewpoint clarity.他闡述的觀點清晰明確。
Zhang Sai, 33, is a food delivery driver in Wuhan, one of the army of low-paid, often overlooked migrant workers who kept the city fed and supplied during the lockdown, despite fears of infection.
33歲的張賽是武漢的送餐騎手，是常常遭到忽視的低薪農民工大軍中的一員，儘管害怕感染，他們仍然在封城期間為城市運送食物和物資。
🌟overlooked
[ˌəʊvəˈlʊkt]
v.忽略、監督、寬恕
n.忽視、眺望
⚠️各型考試必備詞彙
例句：I totally overlooked the important of the subject.我完全忽視了課題的重要性。
One day in August, our manager reminded us that drivers always had to wear masks, no matter how much the situation had improved. Personally, I don’t know if it’s PTSD, but I always wear a mask. I’m probably the only driver in our company who still always carries hand sanitizer in my pocket and uses it regularly.
8月的一天，我們的經理提醒我們，無論情況有多大改善，騎手都必須戴口罩。就我個人而言，我不知道是不是心理有了陰影，我一直都戴口罩。我可能是公司裡唯一一個仍然在口袋裡放著消毒洗手液，並經常使用的騎手。
🌟sanitizer
n.消毒殺菌劑
⚠️此單詞一般出現在閱讀中，知道意思即可。
I always thought I wasn’t afraid of death. But I found out during the epidemic that I’m terrified of it. I missed my wife, my 5-year-old twin boys, my father, so much. I thought, if I survive this, what will I do?
我一直以為我不怕死。但是在疫情期間發現，我很怕死。我想念我的妻子，我五歲的雙胞胎兒子，我父親，非常想念他們。我想，如果我活下來，我會怎麼做？
🌟found out 發現、猜著、揭發
⚠️ found是動詞find的過去式
📒與find有關的短語：
1）find oneself 自我感覺
2）find one’s way 找到解決辦法
例句：I have found my way to study English.我已經找到了學習英語的方法。
So after the lockdown lifted, my first thought was going home. I stayed two months. In the past, I would stay two or three days, maybe a week, then hurry back. I don’t make a lot of money, and my mind was always on making more. But now, my thinking has changed. If I make a little more money, what’s the use?
所以，當封城解除後，我的第一個念頭就是回家。我在家住了兩個月。在過去，我會住兩三天，也許一周，然後再趕回來。我賺不到很多錢，總想多賺點。但現在，我的想法變了。錢賺再多，又有什麼用？
I never thought that this sudden epidemic would create a situation where everyone said thank you. I was shocked. Wasn’t respect for people like experts, academics, celebrities? How could it go to a delivery worker? It made me so happy.
我從來沒想過，突如其來的疫情讓所有人學會了說謝謝。太震驚了。難道不是只有專家、學者和名人之類的人才能得到尊重嗎？騎手怎麼也能得到？這讓我特別高興。
🌟respect for 對…尊敬
⚠️respect [rɪˈspekt]
n.尊敬、尊重
v.遵守、尊重
📒同義詞辨析
✍️respect指對他人的品質、學識或技藝的欽佩。
例句：All his colleagues have a great respect for his work.他的同事非常欽佩他的工作能力。
✍️admiration 指愛慕或敬佩之情。
例句：The man gazed at her in admiration.那位男士用愛慕的眼神注視著她。
✍️esteem較正式用詞，含讚賞、仰慕之意。例句：There has been a drop in public esteem for low-income groups.公眾對低收入人群的尊重程度有所下降。
✍️honour指別人對自己、自己的國家、家庭等表現出的敬意。
例句：For all the players, winning this game is a matter of national honour.對所有隊員而言，贏得這場比賽事關國家榮譽。
Now, things have gone back to the way they were last year. This is human nature.
現在，情況又變得和去年一樣了。這就是人性。
🌟human nature.人性、人之常情
⚠️與humanness同義
例句：Human nature is strong.人性堅強。
Zhang Yongzhen, a virologist, came under immense official pressure after he released the full sequence of the new coronavirus on Jan. 11 of last year, in defiance of Chinese government orders. He remains absent from Beijing’s narrative of how the country beat the virus, in contrast with Zhong Nanshan, the government-appointed doctor celebrated for announcing what many experts had already figured out: that the virus could be transmitted by humans.
病毒學家張永振在去年1月11日不顧中國政府的命令，發布了完整的新冠病毒基因序列後，受到了來自官方的巨大壓力。北京有關抗擊病毒的官方敘事裡他的名字被抹去，這與政府欽定的醫生鍾南山形成了鮮明的對比，後者因指出許多專家已經發現的病毒可以人傳人的結論而受到讚譽。
🌟absent from缺席
⚠️在原文中結合語境翻譯為「被抹去」
例句：He was absent from the meeting last time.上次會議他沒來
At that time, I made four findings about the virus. One, it was like SARS. Two, it was a new coronavirus. Most important, the virus was transmitted through the respiratory tract. I also thought it was more infectious than the flu virus. Even then, I thought it must be able to spread from humans to humans.
當時，關於病毒我有四個發現。第一，它就像SARS。第二，它是一種新型冠狀病毒。最重要的是，病毒是通過呼吸道傳播的。我還認為它比流感病毒有更強的傳染力。即使在那會兒，我就認為它肯定會人傳人。
If more experts had shared my opinion from the beginning, then we may not have needed Zhong Nanshan to say something.
如果更多的專家從一開始就同意我的觀點，那麼我們可能就不需要鍾南山來說了。
Whether in the United States or in China, we need to cultivate a group of critics — real scientists in the field. China really needs it. Zhong Nanshan is old. Who will be the next to dare to speak the truth? You must have enough courage to speak the truth.
無論是在美國還是中國，我們都需要培養一群批評家——領域裡的真正科學家。中國真的需要。鍾南山年齡大了。誰會是下一個敢說真話的人？你必須要有足夠的勇氣來說出真相。
I have since encountered some difficulties in terms of my work and funding for my programs. But I don’t regret anything I did. I trusted myself. I have so much experience, my team has made so many discoveries over the years, that we were able to make accurate judgments.
從那時起，我在工作和項目的研究經費上就遇到了一些困難。但我不後悔做的任何事。我相信我自己。我有這麼多經驗，多年來我的團隊取得了許多發現，因此我們能夠作出準確的判斷。
🌟in terms of 根據……來說、從……方面
📒in terms of的同義短語：
✍️with regard to
例句：With regard to hardness, the diamond is the best.講硬度，金剛鑽最棒的。
✍️with reference to
例句：I am writing with reference to myjob application.我正在寫自己的工作申請信。
I hope you can mention one thing. My wife passed away on Oct. 13, 2019. We got married in 1989 and we were together for 30 years. If I have made any contribution to society, it is because of the support of my wife.
我希望你能提一下這件事。我妻子於2019年10月13日去世。我們在1989年結婚，在一起生活了30年。如果說我對社會有什麼貢獻的話，那是因為妻子的支持。
Blair Zong, 34, was one of hundreds of Americans who were evacuated from Wuhan, and she published a visual diary in February chronicling her quarantine on a military base in California. She is now in Austin, Texas, working as an event planner and a nanny.
34歲的布萊爾·宗(Blair Zong)是從武漢撤離的數百名美國人之一，她於2月發表了照片日記，記錄了她在加州軍事基地的隔離情況。她目前生活在得州奧斯汀，從事活動策劃和保姆工作。
After Wuhan locked down, I was nervous and anxious. I heard rumors about people dying and things got really scary. Someone sent me a report that said America was evacuating citizens, so I called the consulate. I made the decision to go and said goodbye to my mom and grandparents.
武漢封城後，我緊張又焦慮。我聽到有人死去的傳言，事情真的很可怕。有人發給我一份報告，上面說美國正在撤僑，於是我給領事館打了電話。我決定離開，跟媽媽及祖父母告了別。
🌟 locked down 鎖定、鎖住、鎖死
例句：I am locked down here.我被鎖在了這裡。
⚠️在原文中由於賓語為一個地點，所以結合語境要翻譯為封城。
🌟 evacuating
[ɪˈvækjueɪtɪŋ] v.疏散、轉移、撤離
⚠️是動詞evacuate的現在分詞
例句：Maybe we should begin to evacuate the city.也許我們應該開始疏散城市了。
📒當evacuate作為排空（胃腸）、排洩（糞便）的意思講時其是不及物動詞。
The day I left quarantine, there was a lady behind me in line in the San Diego airport who was coughing nonstop. I remember thinking at the time that it was a bad sign, but I also felt like there was no way the virus could spread here that badly. Everything was normal again.
隔離結束的那天，在聖地牙哥機場，我身後排著一位女士，她不停地咳嗽。我記得當時在想，這可不妙，但是我也覺得病毒不可能在這裡傳播地如此嚴重。一切又恢復了正常。
But then starting in March, people here started buying up toilet paper, and the panic came back. The situation had stabilized in China, so my friends there started to mock me, asking: 「Do you regret going back now?」 One of my college friends in Wuhan sent me a package of goggles and masks.
但是從3月開始，這裡的人開始搶購廁紙，我又感到了恐慌。中國的情況已經穩定下來了，所以我在那裡的朋友都開始嘲笑我說：「你現在後悔回去嗎？」我在武漢的一個大學同學給我寄來了護目鏡和口罩。
I have become more calm and more careful about life. I accept everything as it comes. I’m trying to be more eco-friendly.
我變得更加鎮定，對生活更加謹慎。我信命。我正在努力變得更加環保。
🌟eco-friendly
[ˌiːkəʊ ˈfrendli] adj.環保的、對環境無害的 ⚠️此詞會出現在閱讀中，要注意記憶。
例句：We must try to be eco-friendly.我們必須儘量做到環保。
As Wuhan focused on fighting the coronavirus, Zhao Qian, 29, struggled to get medical treatment for her newborn daughter, who had a life-threatening heart condition.
武漢全力抗擊新冠肺炎之際，29歲的趙茜（音）為新生女兒的治療費盡心思，她的女兒患有危及生命的心臟病。
At the time, hospitals weren’t taking in any patients, including our daughter. We tried so hard, we tapped every possible resource and connection, and it was only through our efforts that we were able to save our daughter’s life. All of the doctors had gone to the frontline.
當時醫院不收任何病人，包括我們的女兒。我們非常努力，用盡各種資源和關係，拼命努力才救了女兒的命。所有醫生都去了前線。
🌟taking in 吸收、接受、攝入
📒與take有關的短語
✍️take off 起飛、脫下
例句：The plane is taking off, please fasten your seat belt.飛機要起飛了，請記好安全帶。
✍️take over 接受、接管
例句：I will take over all things.我將接管這一切。
✍️take place 發生、舉行
例句：We may never imagine what took place that night.我們很難想像那一夜發生了什麼。
Overall, though, the country’s policies were quite good. I remember when all the supermarkets were closed, some volunteers were still helping me buy food. No matter what unpleasant hearsay or rumors there may have been, I think the country was very powerful. Wuhan people are now very safe. It’s very reassuring.
不過，總的來說，國家的政策還是挺好的。我還記得所有超市都關門的時候，還有志願者幫我買吃的。不管有什麼不好的傳聞或者謠言，我覺得國家是非常強大的。武漢人現在很安全。這很讓人放心。
Any Chinese person should feel very proud. No matter how great the hardship, even with an outbreak that was so serious that other countries couldn’t control it, as long as the people are unified, I think we can get through anything.
中國人應該自豪。不管有多困難，就算別的國家控制不了疫情，只要人民團結起來，我們就能渡過難關。
Lei Wuming, 50, a psychology professor at the Wuhan University of Technology, began hosting funerals over WeChat, a popular messaging app, to give grieving families a way to mourn.
50歲的雷五明是武漢理工大學的心理學教授，他通過流行的通訊應用微信舉辦葬禮，給悲傷的家庭提供一種哀悼的方式。
Back then, I was like a priest hosting these funerals. I was also a psychologist. I helped create an atmosphere for families to express their grief. First, to express their grief, and second, to cherish the memories.
那時候，我就像主持葬禮的牧師。我也是一個心理學家。我營造了一種氛圍，讓家人表達悲痛。一個是表達自己的悲痛，一個是珍惜回憶。
🌟grief
[ɡriːf] n.悲傷、悲痛、傷心
⚠️是一個四六級、考研詞彙
例句：He was out of his mind with grief.他悲痛得精神失常了。
🌟cherish
[ˈtʃerɪʃ] 珍愛、懷念
⚠️此單詞可用在寫作中
例句：I will cherish this gift from you.我將會珍惜這個禮物。
It brought families closer. They recalled the same memories and the same person and it made their relationship closer. They were huddling together to keep warm.
這拉近了家人之間的距離。他們回憶同樣的事、同一個人，這能讓他們更加親密。他們抱團取暖。
🌟brought 帶來、促使
📒是bring的過去分詞， 這是一個常考的單詞
例句：He has brought more hurt to me.他給我帶來的許多傷害。
🌟huddling together to keep warm 抱團取暖此句子可用在寫作中，升華自己的文章。
The families would set up a chat group. Then I would join. I would play some funeral music and then make a speech. Then I would name each person who would talk, one by one. They could choose to talk, type or even send emojis.
這些家庭建一個聊天群，然後我加入進去。我先放一段葬禮音樂，然後做一段致辭。然後我點名，讓他們一個個發言。他們可以發語音、打字，就算發表情包也可以。
🌟 play
[pleɪ] v.玩耍、戲弄 n.遊戲
📒在句子中翻譯成玩耍顯然不合適，其後承接的賓語是music只能譯為播放。此單詞經常會結合語境譯為不同的意思，要靈活運用。
🌟one by one 逐個的，一次的
📒相似的用法短語有：
day by day 一天天的
year by year 一年年的
It was social support, so the family would feel, 「I am not alone here. I have families and friends who are there for me.」
這是一種社會支持，這樣家人就會覺得，「我不孤單。我有家人和朋友支持我。」
In retrospect, our death toll compared to Western countries — if it is truthfully reported — ours is quite low. But at the time of the pandemic, we didn’t think like that. We thought we were done for.
現在回想起來，如果報導屬實，和西方國家相比，我們的死亡人數相當低。但在疫情期間，我們不這麼想。我們覺得我們已經完蛋了。
After Liu Pei』en’s father died from the coronavirus last January, he vowed to pressure the authorities to take responsibility for initially concealing the outbreak.
劉沛恩的父親去年1月死於新冠病毒，之後，他發誓要向當局施壓，讓他們為最初隱瞞疫情承擔責任。
🌟died from 死於
📒與die有關的短語：
1） die away 漸漸消失
例句：The smile on their face died away.他們臉上的笑容漸漸消失了。
2） die down 平息
例句：Her anger at him died down.她對他的氣已經消了。
3） die off相繼死亡
例句：The plants were all dying off.植物都死了。
Looking back at the first half of last year, I was so angry. The local officials threatened me. I left Wuhan, and they still wouldn’t let it go. They harassed my relatives. They wanted to make it seem like I had a mental illness.
回想去年上半年，我很憤怒。當地官員威脅我。我離開武漢，他們還是不依不饒。他們騷擾我的親戚。他們想讓人覺得我有精神病。
But in the second half of the year, I began to change. I devoted myself to studying Buddhism. Faith allows you to understand life and truth. I could see that retribution and killing have been a part of humanity from ancient times to the present.
但是到了下半年，我也有了變化。我一心學佛。信仰能讓你了解人生的道理。我明白冤冤相報何時了。
🌟Retribution and killing have been a part of humanity from ancient times to the present. 冤冤相報何時了。
⚠️這是一句常用的諺語，在寫作中可以運用此諺語。
My heart began to calm down. I am no longer angry and full of hate. Still, the pain is raw and I cry a lot.
我心裡平靜多了。我不再憤怒，不再怨恨。但痛苦還在，我經常哭。
I spend a lot of time praying. I try to donate as much money as I can to temples and other charity organizations for the poor and elderly around Wuhan. I have given more than 100,000 yuan ($15,000) in my father’s name, to help him earn merit.
我經常祈禱。我儘量給寺廟和其他慈善機構捐錢，幫助武漢周圍的窮人和老人。我用父親的名字捐了10萬多塊錢（約合1.5萬美元），幫他做功德。
Any dreams I had for making money before have now faded. Because what is the use of money anyway? Money can’t buy back life.
我以前賺大錢的夢想都已經沒有了。因為錢到底有什麼用？錢買不回人命。
I only care about the people around me, about being myself. I’m planning to take my mother to Sanya for Chinese New Year. That’s where we were going to go last year before my father was infected.現在我只關心身邊的人，只想做我自己。我打算帶我媽去三亞過春節。去年我爸感染之前，我們本來就打算去的。
1. 單詞總結
essential [ɪˈsenʃl] n.本質、要素、要點adj.基本的、必要的
tapestry [ˈtæpəstri] n.壁毯、掛毯、織錦、繡帷 v.用掛毯裝飾
clarity [ˈklærəti] n.清晰、清楚、明確
overlooked [ˌəʊvəˈlʊkt] v.忽略、監督、寬恕n.忽視、眺望
Sanitizer n.消毒殺菌劑
evacuating [ɪˈvækjueɪtɪŋ] v.疏散、轉移、撤離
eco-friendly [ˌiːkəʊ ˈfrendli] adj.環保的、對環境無害的
grief [ɡriːf] n.悲傷、悲痛、傷心
cherish [ˈtʃerɪʃ] 珍愛、懷念
brought 帶來、促使
play [pleɪ] v.玩耍、戲弄 n.遊戲
ignorant [ˈɪɡnərənt] adj.無知的、愚昧的
2. 短語總結
make up 補足、化妝、編造、彌補
a view of 一個……的觀點、……的風景
spoke to 證明、責備、對某人說話
found out 發現、猜著、揭發
respect for 對…尊敬
human nature.人性、人之常情
absent from缺席
in terms of 根據……來說、從……方面
locked down 鎖定、鎖住、鎖死
taking in 吸收、接受、攝入
one by one 逐個的，一次的
died from 死於
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