全文字數3941,閱讀時間約12分鐘
One year later
—— WHO Director-General’s new year message
一年之後——世衛組織總幹事新年致辭
◇ director-general n. 總幹事,理事長,署長
指政府、法律、非政府組織、非盈利組織等大型機構的最高行政長官。
<注意>複數形式是 directors-general
As people around the world celebrated New Year's Eve 12 months ago, a new global threat emerged. Since that moment, the COVID-19 pandemic has taken so many lives and caused massive disruption to families, societies and economies all over the world.
12個月前,當世界各地的人們慶祝新年時,一個新的全球威脅出現了。從那時起,COVID-19大流行奪走了許多人的生命,並對世界各地的家庭、社會和經濟造成了巨大破壞。
◇ a new global threat
用 a global threat 指代 COVID-19, 是同義詞組替代。類似方法值得用在寫作中,避免無話可說、同義詞(組)重複使用的尷尬。threat是負面詞,可泛指生活中的危機,如令人緊張的期末考試、在你偷玩遊戲快要回來的媽媽,亦或是戰爭、恐怖主義等等。
仿寫這個句型:
當…在做…時,a (adj)threat 出現/靠近/…
While friends and I were indulging ourselves in games, a common threat was approaching quietly and watching us.
當我和朋友們沉浸在遊戲中時,一個共同的威脅在悄悄接近,注視著我們。
◇ emerge 作 vi 時 ○ 出現,出來 ○ 擺脫
○ 出現,出來
主要指某物或某人從封閉的/黑暗的/視線達不到的地方出來、出現,此時可替換appear。
She then emerged from the courthouse to thank her supporters.
於是,她從法院大樓出來,向支持者們表示感謝。
○ 擺脫 ~ from
There is growing evidence that the economy is at last emerging from recession.
有越來越多的跡象表明,經濟最終會擺脫蕭條。
◇ cause vt. 引起,使遭受 n. 原因、事業、目標
這裡主要講一下作動詞時它的用法。
cause作動詞時,主要指使某事發生,尤其是不好的事情。它為及物動詞,後面可加賓語。
○ cause sth 引起/導致/造成
Heavy traffic is causing delays on the freeway.
高速公路堵塞導致延時。
○ ~ sth (problems/troubles) for sb/ to sth
使某人/某事遭受…
The economic depression caused unemployment for a majority of people.
經濟蕭條使大部分人失業。
○ ~ somebody trouble/problems...
You』ve caused us all a lot of unnecessary worry.
你使我產生很多不必要的擔憂。
○ ~ somebody/something to do something
The teacher's speech caused me to change my mind. 老師的演講使我改變了想法。
這裡與 make sb do sth同義,後者更常用
But it also triggered the fastest and most wide-reaching response to a global health emergency in human history.The hallmarks of this response have been an unparalleled mobilization of science, a search for solutions and a commitment to global solidarity.
但它也觸發了人類歷史上對全球突發衛生事件做出的最快和最廣泛的反應。這一反應的標誌是無與倫比的科學動員、對解決方案的尋求以及對全球團結的承諾。
◇ wide-reaching adj. 影響深遠的,廣泛的
Face recognition has wide-reaching implications for tracking criminals .
人臉識別對於追蹤罪犯有重大意義。
◇ hallmark ○ 標誌,特徵 ○(金銀等製品上的)標記
○ 特徵,標誌
指某人或某事的最典型的品質、品性。
同義詞有emblem,trademark等。
The explosion had all the hallmarks of a terrorist attack.
這次爆炸符合恐怖襲擊的所有特點。
bear the hallmark of 具有…的特質/特徵
The murder bore all the hallmarks of a serial killer's work. 這起謀殺案具有連環殺手作案的所有特徵。
○(金銀等製品上的)標記
註:這種標記能體現物品的純度、產地、生產日期
Early pieces of Scottish silver carry the hallmarks of individual silversmiths.
早期蘇格蘭銀器上都會帶有每個銀匠的標記。◇ unparalleled adj. 空前的,無雙的,絕無僅有的
其中文意思看起來是正向詞形容好的事物,同義詞有很多,如rare/unprecedented/exceptional等。
但其實它的主要作用是強調,除了可以是better/ bigger than anything,也可以是 worse than anything,如:
War crimes like Nanjing Massacre are unparalleled in history.
像南京大屠殺這樣的戰爭罪行在歷史上極為罕見
Acts of generosity, large and small, equipped hospitals with the tools that health workers needed to stay safe and care for their patients. Outpourings of kindness have helped society’s most vulnerable through troubled times. Vaccines, therapeutics and diagnostics have been developed and rolled out, at record speed, thanks to collaborations including the Access to COVID-19 Tools Accelerator.
慷慨行為,無論大小,為醫院配備了醫務工作者保持安全和醫治患者所需的工具。踴躍的善行幫助社會中最脆弱的群體度過了艱難時期。由於包括「獲取COVID-19工具加速計劃」在內的合作,疫苗、治療用藥和診斷製劑的開發和推出在以創紀錄的速度進行。
◇ equip vt.裝備,配備
○ 為某人/某事物提供某種活動或工作所需的東西
equip sb/sth with sth
He equipped himself with a hammer and nails.他給自己備了錘子和釘子。
be equipped to do something
The emergency services are equipped to deal with disasters of this kind.
應急服務機構配備了應對這類災害的設備
○ 使某人具有/為某人提供所需的信息、知識、技能
~ somebody with something
We equip students with the skills they will need once they leave college.
我們為學生提供他們離開大學後所需要的技能。
~ somebody for something 使某人勝任某事
training that will equip you for the job 能使你勝任這項工作的培訓
~ somebody to do something 使某人能做某事
We must equip young teachers to deal with difficult children.
我們必須讓年輕教師有能力應付難相處的孩子。
◇ a outpouring of / outpourings of sth
流露,傾瀉
outpourings of true feelings 真情流露
an outpouring of creative energy 創造力的迸發
◇ roll out
○ 推出(新產品/服務),實行(新制度)○ 鋪開
○ 表推出、實行時,相當於launch
The company expects to roll out the new software in September.
公司計劃於九月份推出新款軟體。
○ 鋪開 roll out the red carpet 鋪開紅毯
◇ accelerator n. 油門;催化劑;加速裝置
Equity is the essence of the ACT Accelerator, and its vaccine arm, COVAX, which has secured access to 2 billion doses of promising vaccine candidates.
Vaccines offer great hope to turn thetideof the pandemic. But to protect the world, we must ensure that all people at risk everywhere – not just in countries who can afford vaccines – are immunized.
公平是獲取COVID-19工具加速計劃及其疫苗分支COVAX(COVID-19疫苗全球獲取)的本質,後者已確保獲得20億劑有希望的候選疫苗。
疫苗為扭轉本次大流行帶來了巨大希望。但為了保護世界,我們必須確保世界各地所有面臨風險的人——而不僅僅只是負擔得起疫苗的國家中的人——都能接種疫苗。
◇ essence 常見意思為本質,精華
主要講一下它的搭配:
○ in essence 本質上
The two things are the same in outward form but different in essence.
這兩樣東西表面相同但實質不同。
也可以單獨放在句首:
In essence, all computers are the same
本質上講,所有的電腦其實都一樣。
○ sth be of the essence 起關鍵作用的/ 最重要的
In this situation time is of the essence.
在這種情況下,時間是至關重要的。
(the most impotant 在寫作中有替換詞啦~)
have secured access to sth 確保獲得/ 取得某物
這個短語是have access to 加了形容詞,而加了形容詞使它的意思更加豐富了。英語表達如何讓詞彙更加生動?除了複雜的句式和精妙的詞語,比較簡潔的方法就是在短語中的名詞前加一個或多個點睛的形容詞。secured換成little意思就變成了無法獲得/取得某物啦~
再比如 break the habbit of doing sth 改掉做某事的習慣,在habbit前加一個形容詞呢?比如 ingrained and insufferable(難以去除且令人討厭的習慣),這樣句子就算活了起來,還加入了高級詞體現自己的詞彙量。
◇ tide n. ○ 潮水/潮汐 ○潮流、趨勢 ○勢頭、浪潮
○ 潮流、趨勢
用作單數,主要指大部分人們的觀點朝著一個方向發展
It takes courage to speak out against the tide of opinion. 跟輿論趨向唱反調需要勇氣。
○ 勢頭、浪潮 (本文取詞義,翻譯為大流行)
用作單數,主要用來表示某事物越來越壯大且難以控制,多指負面事物,
There is anxiety about the rising tide of crime.
犯罪率日益增長令人憂慮。
To do this, COVAX needs just over 4 billion US dollars urgently to buy vaccines for low- and lower-middle income countries. This is the challenge we must rise to in the new year. My brothers and sisters, the events of 2020 have provided telling lessons, and reminders, for us all to take into 2021.
為此,COVAX迫切需要超過40億美元的資金為低收入和中等收入國家購買疫苗。這是我們在新的一年必須面對的挑戰。兄弟姐妹們,2020年的事件為我們所有人進入2021年提供了啟發性的教訓和提醒。
◇ rise
作動詞時,可指升起、提高、增加、站起來等,這裡主要取另一個意思,成功地處理好某一困難/問題,尤指比平常花費更多的精力、努力。
rise to the occasion/challenge 為固定搭配
The team rose to challenge. 隊伍奮起迎接挑戰
◇ telling adj. 反映本性的/顯露真實情況的;
(論點/批評)強有力的/有說服力的
◇ take lessons/reminders 吸取教訓/收到提醒
First and foremost, 2020 has shown that governments must increase investment in public health, from funding access to COVID vaccines for all people, to making our systems better prepared to prevent and respond to the next, inevitable pandemic. Second, as it will take time to vaccinate everyone against COVID, we must keep adhering to tried and tested measures that keep each and all of us safe. At the heart of this is investing in universal health coverage to make health for all a reality.
首先,2020年表明,政府必須增加對公共衛生的投資,從為所有人提供獲得COVID-19疫苗的資金,到使我們的系統更好地為預防和應對下一個不可避免的大流行做好準備。第二,由於需要花費時間為所有人接種COVID-19疫苗,必須繼續遵循久經考驗的措施,以確保所有人的安全。其核心是投資於全民健康覆蓋,使人人健康成為現實。
◇ First and foremost 首先,首先最重要的是
(是時候換掉first of all了)
◇ adhere to ○堅持 ○遵守 ○附著於
○ 堅持
We must adhere to the principle of voluntary participation. 我們必須堅持自願參加的原則。
○ 遵守
We should adhere to the traffic rules.
我們應該遵守交通規則。
○ 附著於
This paint will adhere to any surface.
這種油漆能附著於任何表面。
◇ the heart of sth 某事物的核心
這裡heart指重點、核心、要點,相當於center
the heart of the matter/problem
事情 / 問題的核心
◇ tried and tested 經過反覆考驗的
They do like their tried and tested formulas.
他們非常的喜歡自己的嘗試與配方。
This means maintaining physical distance, wearing face masks, practicing hand and respiratory hygiene, avoiding crowded indoor places and meeting people outside. These simple, yet effective measures will save lives and reduce the suffering that so many people encountered in 2020. Third, and above all, we must commit to working together in solidarity, as a global community, to promote and protect health today, and in the future.
這意味著保持身體距離、戴口罩、保持手部和呼吸道衛生,避免擁擠的室內場所,並與人在室外會面。這些簡單而有效的措施將拯救生命,減少許許多多的人在2020年遭受的痛苦。第三,最重要的是,我們必須致力於作為一個全球社區團結協作,以促進和保護當今和未來人們的健康。
◇ practice [AmE] / practise [BrE]
vt. 經常做…;養成做…的習慣;積極從事;練習
practice後加動詞要用ing形式:
practice doing sth 練習做某事
有一個固定搭配值得學習:
practise what you preach 身體力行;言行一致
◇ respiratory [ˈrespərətɔːri] adj.呼吸的
◇ hygiene [ˈhaɪdʒiːn][U]
n.(尤指為防止患病或疾病傳播的)衛生
類似的一個詞是sanitation,尤指通過提供排汙系統和潔淨水源的公共衛生。
◇ encounter vt. ○邂逅;偶然碰到
○遭遇(尤指令人不快或困難的事)
encounter problems/difficulties
遇到難題/困難 = come across [常用]
encounter opposition/resistance
遭到反對/阻礙 = come up against [常用]
We have seen how divisions in politics and communities feed the virus and foment the crisis. But collaboration and partnership save lives and safeguard societies. In 2020, a health crisis of historic proportions showed us just how closely connected we all are. We saw how acts of kindness and care helped neighbors through times of great struggle.
我們已經看到政治分歧和社區分裂如何讓病毒滋生並引發危機。但合作和夥伴關係可以拯救生命並維護社會。2020年,一場歷史性的健康危機向我們展示了我們所有人之間的緊密聯繫。我們看到了善良和關懷的舉止如何幫助鄰居度過艱難時期。
◇ feed vt.餵養、進食、飼養、養活
在此處理解為餵養病毒使其滋生。本意為餵養。
延伸來講可表示使某人/某事物變得強大/嚴重。
Her depression grew, fed by her bitter experiences. 痛苦的經歷是她的抑鬱更加嚴重。
◇ foment vt. 挑起,激起,煽動 = stir up
foment revolution/trouble/discord etc
煽動革命/激起矛盾/挑起不和等
But we also witnessed how acts of malice, and misinformation, caused avoidable harm. Going into 2021, we have a simple, yet profound, choice to make:
Do we ignore the lessons of 2020 and allow insular, partisan approaches, conspiracy theories and attacks on science to prevail, resulting in unnecessary suffering to people’s health and society at large?
Or do we walk the last miles of this crisis together, helping each other along the way, from sharing vaccines fairly, to offering accurate advice, compassion and care to all who need, as one global family.
但我們也目睹了惡意行為和錯誤信息是如何造成本可避免的傷害。 進入2021年,我們可以做出一個簡單而深刻的選擇:
我們是否忽視2020年的教訓,讓孤立的方法、黨派紛爭、陰謀論和對科學的攻擊佔上風,從而給人們的健康和整個社會帶來不必要的痛苦?
還是我們一起走過這場危機的最後一程,從公平地分享疫苗到為了一個全球大家庭向所有需要的人提供準確的建議、同情和關懷,並在整個過程中互相幫助。
◇ a simple, yet profound 簡單而深刻的 [寫作推薦]
◇ prevail vi. (提議、原則、觀點)佔上風,佔優勢,獲勝,被接受 ;盛行
We hope that common sense would prevail.
我們希望情理會佔上風。
◇ walk the miles of… 走過…的路/度過…的時期
We managed to walk the tough miles of the economic depression in the end.
我們最終成功地度過了經濟蕭條的艱難時期。
The choice is easy. There is light at the end of the tunnel, and we will get there by taking the path together. WHO stands with you – We Are Family and we are In This Together. I wish you and your loved ones a peaceful, safe and healthy new year.
這個選擇很容易。隧道盡頭已有曙光,我們將一同走向那裡。世衛組織與大家站在一起。我們是一家人,我們團結一心。祝你和你的親人新年平安、安全、健康。
[佳句積累]
There is light at the end of the tunnel, and we will get there by taking the path together.
隧道盡頭已有曙光,我們將一同走向那裡。
圖片及原文來自
https://www.who.int/news/item/30-12-2020-covid-19-anniversary-and-looking-forward-to-2021