初判為意外事件!老人被狗繩絆倒身亡,應該追究誰的責任?

    近日，網上一段老人被狗繩絆倒身亡的視頻引起大家關注。

17日，在廣東佛山順德杏壇鎮羅水市場前，一名老人被一隻狗身上的牽引繩絆倒在地，頭部著地後昏迷。事發後，老人被救護車送到附近醫院，經搶救無效最終身亡。

An 88-year-old woman has died after a dog's leash tripped her and caused her to fall onto her face.

The pensioner was standing on a road when the pet ran past her. The dog's leash got caught around her feet and brought her to the ground.

The elderly woman was pronounced dead in the hospital, according to a local government in Foshan, southern China's Guangdong province.

▌警方初判該事件為意外事件18日，廣東佛山順德區杏壇鎮委鎮政府發布情況通報。

情況通報

8月17日17時21分，110接到報警：順德區杏壇鎮羅水市場附近一老人受傷倒地。接報後，民警及醫護人員迅速趕到現場處置。經調查，羅水村民羅某（女，12歲）把另一村民羅某拴養在家門口的狗只牽出來玩，途徑羅水市場時，狗只掙脫約束繩，在奔跑過程中，狗繩意外將本村村民麥某（女，88歲）絆倒，導致麥某受傷，經送醫院救治無效死亡。初步判斷該事件為意外事件。目前，該事件的善後工作正有序開展。下階段，杏壇鎮相關部門及各村（居）將進一步加強養犬管理工作，並強化宣傳教育。

The incident occurred around 5:20 pm on Monday in Luoshui Village in the town of Xingtan, local government said in a statement.

In a social media post on Tuesday, the authority said the victim, surnamed Mai, was hurt after falling to the ground, and died in the hospital after treatment had failed.

The statement said police and paramedics attended the scene immediately after being informed of the matter.

Officials said the dog was loose after a 12-year-old girl, surnamed Luo, had taken it for a walk. The pet broke free while passing Luoshui Market.

The government of Xingtan town has deemed the incident an accident. Police are carrying out further investigation.

▌《佛山市養犬管理條例》規定：未成年人不得獨自遛狗國內不少城市對未成年人獨立遛狗有相關規定。在今年年初頒發的《佛山市養犬管理條例》中，也有類似的規定：應當由完全民事行為能力人牽領或者攜帶犬只。

金臺律師事務所專業律師郭軍表示，雖然公安機關初步判斷此事件為意外，但是牽狗女孩的監護人以及涉事犬只的飼養人或管理人，依然存在承擔侵權責任的問題。

受害人家屬有權要求死亡賠償金、精神損失費、喪葬費等損害賠償。

Guo Jun, a professional lawyer at Beijing-based Jintai Law Firm, said that even though the case is defined as an 「accident」, the family of the victim can still ask for compensation, which might include compensation for death, spiritual loss, and burial costs.

《侵權責任法》第三十二條規定，無民事行為能力人、限制民事行為能力人造成他人損害的，由監護人承擔侵權責任。監護人盡到監護責任的，可以減輕其侵權責任。

本次事故中，牽狗的女孩僅12歲，屬於未成年人，從其自身年齡、力量、判斷力等都不能單獨牽狗外出。因此，女孩的監護人應對女孩的牽狗外出導致老人死亡的後果承擔侵權責任。

For the accident-causing girl, who is only 12 years old, her strength and judgement abilities should limit her from taking a big dog out alone. Her custodian should be answerable for her violating the rights of the victim.

對於狗的主人，在法律上稱為飼養人或者管理人，則要看對女孩牽狗外出是否知情。如果知情，那麼其自身也存在過錯，應當共同承擔侵權責任。

For the dog owner, it depends on whether he/she knew the girl took his/her dog away. If yes, the owner is at fault and should share the compensation responsibility together with the girl’s custodian.

如果女孩未經飼養人或者管理人同意擅自解開拴狗的繩子牽出，那麼狗的飼養人或者管理人不存在過錯，無需承擔侵權責任，對於老人的死亡後果只由女孩的監護人承擔侵權責任。

If not, the dog owner does not bear any responsibility and the girl’s custodian should pay all the compensation.

郭軍律師表示，這種賠償對過錯方是懲罰，對受害方是安慰，對全社會則應當是警醒。事關每個人的人身安全，法律不僅應保證受害方的損失得到彌補，更應當對全社會起到警示作用，提示有可能發生安全風險之處，並要求人們加以注意。

另外，微博上有網友質疑，狗主人雖然拴了狗，但小女孩能解開，是否應當認為狗主人未能妥善看住自己的狗，當承擔無過錯賠償責任？

關於這點，郭軍律師表示具體取決於狗被拴的細節情況，而這有賴於當地更多的細節還原才能判斷。

十九大|政府工作報告|筆譯二級真題|筆譯三級真題|白皮書|……

長按識別二維碼，關注CATTI筆譯備考