在阿拉伯世界裡,警察破壞了婚禮派對
By John Russell
29 September 2020
In the Arab world, police officers are taking action to control wedding parties. In recent weeks, some weddings have ended with police arresting party goers and giving fines.
在阿拉伯世界裡,警察正在採取措施控制婚禮派對。在最近幾周,一些婚禮都已經因為警察逮捕賓客、進行罰款而終止了。
These moves come at a time when coronavirus cases are rising in the Middle East.
Still, many couples are moving forward with their celebrations. But from the Palestinian territories to the United Arab Emirates (UAE), officials say traditional large weddings are helping the coronavirus to spread.
這些措施伴隨著冠狀病毒病例在中東的增加而到來。不過,許多情侶仍然在為他們的婚慶做準備。但從巴勒斯坦邊界到阿聯,官員們說傳統的大型婚禮會助長冠狀病毒的擴散。
In Jenin, in the northern West Bank, Mustafa Khatib and six members of his band spent two nights in jail. They played at a crowded wedding party earlier this month. Police fined the group $11,000.
在紀寧,在北部的西堤區,穆斯塔法·卡提布以及他樂隊的六個成員在監獄裡度過了兩個晚上。他們在本月初的一場擁擠的婚禮派對上進行演出。警察對這個群體罰款11000美元。
"This is not fair," said Khatib. "People will never stop getting married and will never stop holding parties."
「這不公平。」卡提布說。「人們不會停止結婚,也不會停止舉辦派對。」
Palestinian officials have forced many people to suspend ceremonies, said a police spokesman. Yet the punishments, detentions and infections have not stopped people from getting married.
一位警局發言人說,巴勒斯坦官員已經強制許多人延遲儀式了。然而這樣的懲罰、拘留和傳染並不能阻止人們結婚。
"You plan to have a small wedding but then all your relatives and friends show up," noted Qasim Najjar. "This is our custom."
「但另一方面,你計劃舉辦一場小型婚禮,你的所有親朋好友都到場,」卡西姆·納加爾指出,「這是我們的習俗。」
Najjar himself was recently married in the northern West Bank village of Deir Sharaf. The wedding party was broken up by police.
納加爾自己近期在北部西堤區戴爾·夏拉夫的村莊結了婚。婚宴被警察們破壞了。
The celebrations can have serious results. Palestinian Health Ministry official Ali Abed Rabu linked over 80 percent of new coronavirus cases to large gatherings at weddings and funerals.
Indoor wedding spaces in towns like Hebron have become places where the virus has been known to spread, he said.
慶典可能會有嚴重的後果。巴勒斯坦的衛生部官員阿里·阿貝得·拉布將超過80%的冠狀病毒新病例和婚禮及葬禮上的大型集會聯繫在一起。小鎮上的室內婚禮空間,如賀布朗,已經變成病毒眾所周知的傳播場所了,他說。
The Palestinian Authority has reported over 34,500 cases in the West Bank and 270 deaths from COVID-19.
巴勒斯坦當局已經報導了西堤區內來自新冠肺炎的超過34500例病例及270例死亡病例。
Ahmad Tibi is an Arab-Israeli lawmaker. He told The Associated Press that the infections in Arab areas of Israel have risen from around 3 percent to 30 percent during the summer wedding season. Israeli citizens, unhappy after a failed first attempt at coronavirus restrictions, are starting to "disregard government instructions," he added.
阿哈默德·提比是以色列籍阿拉伯裔的立法者。他告訴美聯社,以色列的阿拉伯地區裡的感染在這個夏天婚禮季已經從大約3%增長到了30%。在控制冠狀病毒的第一次失敗嘗試之後心情不佳的以色列市民,正開始「對政府指示置之不理」,他補充道。
Disregard is a term that means to treat something as unimportant.
置之不理意為視某事為不重要的。
When Egypt's wedding halls closed this spring, wealthy people moved their large celebrations to private homes. Working-class Egyptians took their parties to the streets, leading local police to break up the celebrations. But restrictions have eased as virus cases have decreased.
當埃及的婚禮大廳在這個春天關閉時,富人們將他們的大型慶典轉移到了私人住宅內。工人階級的埃及人在大街上開派對,導致當地警察來破壞慶典。但當病毒病例減少時限制措施就放鬆了。
Although Egyptian officials still warn of a possible "second wave," the government announced recently that weddings could take place outdoors and in some hotels.
雖然埃及官員仍然警告一場可能的「第二次波動」,政府近期宣布了婚禮可以在戶外及部分酒店中舉行。
In the UAE, a health ministry spokeswoman noted that close to 90 percent of new cases came from crowds at weddings, funerals and other events.
在阿聯,一名健康部發言人指出接近90%的新病例都來自婚禮、葬禮及其他事件中的人群。
The Emirati government has increased its attention on wedding parties. Last weekend, officials ordered the detention of eight people who had thrown large parties without face masks.
艾米拉蒂政府已經提高了對婚禮派對的關注度。上周,官員要求拘留那八個不戴口罩就舉辦大型派對的人。
Those arrested face prison terms of up to six months and fines of at least $27,226 each.
Some Arab couples are getting married and obeying health rules. Their wedding parties are different from traditional weddings, however. During the Palestinian Authority's lockdown earlier this year, Baraa Amarneh and Imad Sharaf got married near Hebron. They held hands while wearing latex gloves.
那些拘留者面臨著多達六個月的監獄生活以及至少每人27226美元的罰款。一些阿拉伯情侶正準備結婚並遵守健康規則。但是他們的婚禮派對與傳統婚禮不同。在今年初巴勒斯坦當局的封鎖中。巴拉瓦·阿瑪尼和艾麥德·沙拉夫在賀布朗附近結婚了。他們牽手時還戴著乳膠手套。
I'm John Russell.
Isabel Debre and Mohammed Darahgmeh reported on this story for the Associated Press. John Russell adapted it for VOA Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
_____________________________________________________________
Words in This Story
wedding – n. a ceremony at which two people are married to each other
couple – n. two individuals who are married or close together
instruction – n. an order or direction
hall – n. a usually long, narrow passage inside a building with doors that lead to rooms on the sides
glove – n. a covering for the hand that has separate parts for each finger
lockdown – n. a temporary state of restricted movement or activity
Tips
Arab – 阿拉伯
Palestinian – 巴勒斯坦
United Arab Emirates – 阿拉伯聯合大公國
Mustafa Khatib – 穆斯塔法·哈提卜
Qasim Najjar – 卡西姆·納加爾
Khatib – 哈提卜
Deir Sharaf – 代爾·沙拉夫
Ahmad Tibi – 艾哈邁德·提比
Emirati – 阿聯
Baraa Amarneh – 巴拉·阿瑪尼
Imad Sharaf – 依瑪莎拉夫
2.Learning with Computers Requires New Skills for Immigrant Students
使用電腦學習需要移民學生掌握新技能
By Gregory Stachel and Jill Robbins
29 September 2020
The COVID-19 pandemic is affecting education in many countries. Some immigrants to the United States are having to learn new skills to begin taking classes online. That is not always easy because of language difficulties and education cut short by earlier events in their lives.
新冠疫情影響了很多國家的教育。一些美國移民不得不學習網課新技能。這並不容易,因為語言困難和時間縮短。
Necole Durham is a teacher in an adult education program in Atlanta, Georgia. She says it is hard to keep her English learners' attention.
內科·達勒姆是喬治亞州亞特蘭大的一個成人教育項目的老師。她說很難讓她的英語學生保持注意力。
"There have been ups and downs with the online learning. I feel like I am more of a television production artist when I'm doing my classes. I feel like it has to be so entertaining ... because they have told me that there are days when they just don't feel like getting on the computer and looking at a computer screen... that's my job to figure out a way to make it so that they want to be there."
「在線學習有起有落。我覺得我上課的時候更像是個電視製作藝術家。我覺得這一定很有趣,因為他們告訴我,有時候他們就是不想用電腦,不想看電腦屏幕,我的工作就是想辦法讓他們心甘情願地待在那裡。「
Nicholas Rhea teaches in a program for English learners in Nashville, Tennessee. His students are mainly refugees and recently arrived immigrants. His team works with students whose education had been cut short.
尼古拉斯·瑞亞是田納西州納什維爾英語學習者項目的老師。他的學生主要是難民和新來的移民。他的團隊服務的就是那些教育被中斷的學生。
Rhea said the biggest difficulty in starting to learn on computers at-home is teaching the students how to use the internet and the computer itself. He told VOA he had to teach them special keys to press, that is "to hit control-alt-delete to log into the computer."
瑞亞表示開始線上課程最大的困難就是讓學生學會使用網際網路和電腦。他告訴美國之音,他不得不教他們按哪些按鍵,就是」按ctrl加alt加delete進入電腦「。
Before joining the program, some of the students had never used e-mail before.
有些學生在加入這個項目之前從未使用過電子郵件。
Mary Mikulski works in a general education, or GED adult program in Springfield, Virginia. Her students come from all over the world. They are adult learners whose first language is usually not English. Like Rhea, Mikulski found that she had to spend a great deal of time teaching her students how to use the technology they would use in class.
瑪麗·米庫斯在基維吉尼亞斯普林菲爾德工作。她的學生遍布全球,他們是成年的非英語母語者。例如瑞亞和米庫斯基就發現發現她不得不花費大量的時間教她的學生如何使用他們在課堂上使用的技術。
Change in given work
給定工作的變化
The teachers we spoke with found they had to choose different kinds of work for students to do at home. Durham noted that asking students to write as if they were in the classroom did not seem to work after going online. Few students did the homework and correcting it made a lot of work for her.
我們採訪的老師發現,他們不得不為學生選擇不同的任務在家完成。達勒姆指出,要求學生像在教室裡一樣寫作在上網後似乎不起作用。幾乎沒有學生做家庭作業,而且批改家庭作業給她帶來了很多麻煩。
So, she decided to use software applications, like iSLCollective and Kahoot!, that give corrections immediately. She said these apps are easy on the teacher and keep the students' attention.
所以她決定用軟體應用程式,比如iSLCollective和 Kahoot!,能立即給予糾正。她說這些應用對老師來說很容易,而且能吸引學生的注意力。
Getting connected
創造聯繫
After Rhea started offering classes online, he recognized that some of his students did not have the internet or a telephone. Luckily, the local school system has a "one-to-one" computer policy for students. This means that the school system gives a computer to each student if they need it. Also, if the family does not have internet connection, they can receive a device that provides one.
瑞亞開始在網上開課後他意識到他的一些學生沒有網際網路或電話。幸運的是,當地的學校系統對學生有一對一的電腦政策。這意味著如果學生需要的話,學校系統會給他們一臺電腦。還有,如果家裡沒有網絡連接,他們也可以接收一個設備。
Rhea also had to find ways to communicate with the families of his students. He and other teachers use apps like Remind or Talking Points to send messages to students and their parents. These programs change the language from English to the first language of the student. At times, he visited the families at their homes to give them information on how the classes would work online.
瑞亞也必須找到與學生家屬溝通的方法。他和其他教師使用 Remind或Talking Points等應用程式向學生和他們的家長發送信息。這些程序能把英語轉換成學生的母語。有時候他會去他們家裡拜訪,告訴他們網上課程是如何運作的。
Rhea said that he wants to give his students the tools to be able to work online. He wants to show them how to use an email, how to join an online meeting, and how to be independent learners.
瑞亞說他想給他的學生提供在線工作的工具。他想教他們如何使用電子郵件、如何參加在線會議,以及如何成為獨立學習者。
Communicating with pictures
用圖片交流
One helpful thing with messaging online, he notes, is that students can use small pictures, such as GIFs or emojis, to send messages without using English.
他指出,在網上發送信息有一個好處就是學生可以使用小圖片,比如 gif 或者表情符號,可以不用英語。
"Like 'How are you feeling today?' and then they post up some emoji or something like that - really accessible."
」比如『你今天感覺怎麼樣? 』然後他們發一些表情符號之類的東西,真的很容易理解。」
Rhea thinks the pictures help students stay involved with messaging online when they do not know the words to show how they are feeling.
瑞亞認為這些圖片可以幫助學生在不懂表達自己感受的單詞時保持在線交流。
Rhea understands the feeling of tiredness many students have from long video calls. To help them, he made some activities that involve traditional writing instruments, such as a pen.
瑞亞明白許多學生長時間進行視頻通話會產生疲勞感。為了幫助他們,他做了一些與傳統書寫工具有關的活動,比如用筆寫字。
"...So just going outside and writing down, drawing pictures of what they see, and then they can just hold that up to the camera later or take a picture of it and upload it to the discussion, so the main activities aren't actually online, they're outside.
」. 所以只需要出去寫下來,把他們看到的畫下來,然後他們稍後就可以拿到相機前,或者拍張照片上傳到討論中,這樣主要的活動就不是在網上,而是在外面。」
For example, one of his students counts ten things he sees during a walk to help learn new words. Another student works at a market and learns new words by remembering the names of the products being sold. Rhea thinks it is important to find ways to keep the students' attention without using a computer.
例如,他的一個學生數了他在散步時看到的十個東西來幫助他學習新單詞。另一個學生在市場工作,通過記住產品的名稱來學習新單詞。瑞亞認為找到不用電腦就能吸引學生注意力的方法很重要。
Teachers and students alike learn new ways
老師和學生都在學習新的方法
Shortly after the pandemic was declared, Mikulski spent most of her time helping students learn how to operate computers. For example, some of her students did not know what a 『tab,' or window in a computer application, was. Many of her students were using their phones for everything, so they had to learn from the beginning how to use a computer.
米庫斯基在疫情發生後不久的大部分時間裡都在幫助學生學習如何操作電腦。例如,她的一些學生不知道什麼是「標籤」或窗口的計算機應用程式。她的很多學生什麼都用手機,所以他們必須從一開始就學會如何使用電腦。
Many teachers also found that they learned from each other. Mikulski said in one meeting with teachers, she noticed a new way to have students be more active in the class. She saw how other teachers permitted students to write their answers on the same image the teacher is showing.
許多老師也發現他們在互相學習。米庫斯基在一次老師會議中注意到了一種讓學生在課堂上更加活躍的新方法。她看到其他老師是如何允許學生把答案寫在老師展示的圖片上的。
"It was like an 『aha!' moment: 'Oh, you give them a link to your Google slideshow instead of the present mode.' And then they stay on their copy."
」就像是『啊哈! 』「哦,你給他們一個連結到你的谷歌幻燈片,而不是當前的模式。」然後他們繼續他們的複製品。「
She notes that social-emotional learning is important as well. After Mikulski taught her students how to use the computer, she recognized her students were missing the connections they would have had in class. She permitted her students to interact with one another during her office hours.
她指出社交情感學習也很重要。米庫斯基教學生如何使用電腦後,意識到她的學生缺少了他們在課堂上應該有的連接。她允許她的學生在辦公時間互動。
Mikulski said that developing relationships with the students and the local community is a top concern. She said that an important consideration for teachers is "knowing your students so that when you teach, you can reach more people."
米庫斯基表示發展與學生和當地社區的關係是首要關注的問題。她說對老師來說,一個重要的考慮是」了解你的學生,這樣當你教書的時候就可以接觸到更多的人。」
Durham noted that one appealing thing about her adult classes has been the chance to meet people and make friends. In the online classes, she builds the feeling of community by giving students time to talk with each other in breakout rooms – a way to form a small group within a larger online meeting.
達勒姆注意到她的成人課程有一個吸引人的地方,就是有機會認識人和交朋友。在網絡課堂上,她通過給學生們時間在課間休息室裡相互交談來建立社區感——這是在一個更大的網絡會議中形成一個小團體的一種方式。
I'm Jill Robbins.
And I'm Gregory Stachel.
Gregory Stachel and Jill Robbins wrote this story for Learning English. George Grow was the editor.
_______________________________________________________________
Words in This Story
entertain – v. to perform for (an audience) : to provide amusement for (someone) by singing or acting
screen – n. the usually flat part of a television or computer that shows the images or written material; the part of a television or computer that you look at when you are using it
figure out – phrasal verb. to understand or find (something, such as a reason or a solution) by thinking
application – n. a computer program that performs a special operation (such as word processing)
feedback – n. helpful information or criticism that is given to someone to say what can be done to improve a performance, product
accessible – adj. able to be reached or approached
drawing – n. a picture, image, etc., that is made by making lines on a surface with a pencil, pen, marker, or chalk
moment – n. a very short period of time
mode – n. the state in which a machine performs an operation
Tips
Necole Durham – 內科·達勒姆
Atlanta – 亞特蘭大
Georgia – 喬治亞州
Nicholas Rhea – 尼古拉斯·瑞亞
Nashville, Tennessee – 田納西州納什維爾
Mary Mikulski – 瑪麗·米庫斯基
Springfield, Virginia – 維吉尼亞斯普林菲爾德
Are there refugees or immigrants in your country? During the pandemic, how are people helping them to live in your country and speak your language?
整理:Bluebell
翻譯:1Megi2Bluebell
Tips: 魚頭