在一般現在時中,當主語是第三人稱單數時,謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數形式,即常在動詞原形後加-s或-es。那哪些主語是第三人稱單數? 快來一起學習學習吧!
(一)哪些主語可以做第三人稱單數
1.人稱代詞he, she, it是第三人稱單數;
He likes watching TV. 他喜歡看電視。
She has lunch at twelve. 她十二點吃午餐。
It looks like a cat. 它看起來像只貓。
2.單個人名、地名或稱呼作主語時,是第三人稱單數。
Han Mei looks like her mother. 韓梅看起來像她的母親。
Beijing is in China. 北京在中國。
Uncle Wang often makes cakes. 王叔叔經常做蛋糕。
3.單數可數名詞或this/ that/ the+單數可數名詞作主語時,是第三人稱單數;
A horse is a useful animal. 馬是有用的動物。
This book is yours. 這本書是你的。
That car is red. 那輛小汽車是紅色的。
The cat is Linda's. 這隻貓是琳達的。
4.不定代詞someone, somebody, nobody, everything, something等及指示代詞this, that作主語時,是第三人稱單數。
Everyone is here. 大家到齊了。
There is something wrong with the watch. 這塊手錶有問題。
This is a pen. 這是一支鋼筆。
That is an eraser. 那是一塊橡皮擦。
5.不可數名詞作主語時為第三人稱單數。
The milk is in the glass.牛奶在玻璃杯裡。
The bread is very small. 那麵包很小。
The water is very cold. 那些水很涼。
6.當數字或字母作主語時,看作第三人稱單數。
「7」 is a lucky number in western countries, but 「8」 is a lucky number in China. 「7」在西方國家是個吉利數字,但在中國「8」是個吉利數字。
「I」 is a letter and a word. 「I」既是個字母,又是單詞。
(二)變化規則:
一般現在時的肯定句中,主語為第三人稱單數的動詞變化主要體現在詞尾的變化上,其規律為:
規則
原形
第三人稱單數形式
1、一般情況下,直接在動詞詞尾+s
get
take
play
gets
takes
plays
2、以s, x, sh, ch, o結尾的動詞,在詞尾+ es
guess
fix
finish
teach
go和do
guesses
fixes
finishes
teaches
goes和does
3、以輔音字母+ y 結尾的動詞,先把y變為i,再加es
study
try
fly
carry
worry
studies
tries
flies
carries
worries
4、不規則動詞(特殊情況)
have
be
has
is
(三)句型變化:
1、變否定句:
(1)當主語是第一,二或複數時,要用don't構成否定句,主語+ don't +動詞原形(+其它)。
I do morning exercises in the garden.(變否定句)
→I don't do morning exercises in the garden.
You/ We/ They jump rope in the playground. (變否定句)
→You/ We/ They don’t jumprope in the playground.
(2) 當主語為第三人稱單數時,要用doesn't構成否定句, 主語+ doesn't +動詞原形(+其它)。
He/ She goes to school at six in the morning. (變否定句)
→He/ She doesn't goto school at six in the morning.
2.變一般疑問句:
(1)當主語是第一,二或複數時,do +主語+動詞原形+其它。
I often play football.→Do you often play football?
---- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.
(2) 當主語為第三人稱單數時,does+主語+動詞原形+其它。
She goes home at five every day.
→Does she go home at five every day?
---- Yes, she does./ No, she doesn’t.