備受矚目的第二屆「一帶一路」國際合作高峰論壇將於本周四開幕，應中國國家主席習近平邀請，將有近40位國家與國際組織領導人齊聚北京，出席論壇。此外，法國、德國、英國、西班牙、日本、韓國以及歐盟也將派出領導人委託的高級代表與會。中國將與各方進一步凝聚共識，明確「一帶一路」倡議未來方向。
China Focus以「一帶一路」為主題，推出一系列海外知名人物高端訪談，今天推出對韓國成均館大學中國研究所所長李熙玉教授的專訪。
At the invitation of Chinese President Xi Jinping, nearly 40 leaders of countries and international organizations will gather in Beijing to attend the high-profile second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation on Thursday. In addition, France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain, Japan, the Republic of Korea and the European Union will also send senior representatives entrusted by their leaders. The forum offers an opportunity to consider, deliberate and determine the future of the initiative.
With the theme of Belt and Road construction, China Focus is set to launch a series of high-profile overseas interviews. Today we have an exclusive interview with Professor Lee Hee Ok, Director of the Institute of China Studies, Sungkyunkwan University.
訪談對象：李熙玉，成均館大學中國研究所所長、教授
訪談人員：薛力，中國社會科學院世界經濟與政治研究所研究員
訪談時間：2019年2月19日
訪談地點：成均中國研究所
Interviewee: Professor Lee Hee Ok, Director of the Institute of China Studies, Sungkyunkwan University.
Interviewer: Xue Li, Senior Fellow, Institute of World Economics and Politics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Date: February 19, 2019.
Place: Institute of China Studies, Sungkyunkwan University.
China Focus: 在您看來，中國提出「一帶一路」倡議的原因是什麼？
China Focus: In your opinion, what is the reason China put forward the Belt and Road Initiative?
李熙玉: 從韓國的觀點來看，中國政府正在探索新型外交政策。過去的中國主要是順應和適應以美國為主導的國際秩序，但現在的中國開始努力推動全球化，構建新型國際關係。
Lee Hee Ok: From the Republic of Korea's (ROK) point of view, the Chinese government is looking for a new foreign policy. In the past, China mainly complied with and adapted to the international order dominated by the United States. But now it has begun to strive to promote globalization and build a new type of international relations.
另外，中國認識到應該擴大中國經濟的範圍和外延，那麼周邊就是中國要確保的橋頭堡。中國不追求霸權，以國際關係民主化為目標，「一帶一路」倡議便是中國在這段探索新型國際關係和國際經濟秩序過程中的「長期計劃」。
In addition, China recognized that the scope and extension of its economy should be expanded, which means that the periphery is the bridgehead that it wants to ensure. China does not seek hegemony and aims at the democratization of international relations. The Belt and Road Initiative is China's "long-term plan" in this prolonged exploration of new international relations and global economic order.
▲ 2019年4月10日，首列陸海新通道鐵海聯運出口印度專列在重慶順利發車。
The first special train carrying cargo to India along the New International Land-Sea Trade Corridor sets off from Chongqing on April 10, 2019.
China Focus: 您如何評價「一帶一路」倡議？
China Focus: How do you evaluate the Belt and Road Initiative?
李熙玉: 中國採取了更加開放的姿態去處理國際經濟秩序，這是一個很好的信號。從韓國的角度來看，過去中國的經濟相對封閉，但「一帶一路」更傾向多邊、開放、互惠。「一帶一路」的主要目標是周邊地區，周邊地區大部分是發展中國家，經濟上比較落後，中國在不強迫他們以中國模式去發展的同時，讓他們從中獲得紅利或好處，這點也讓人認可。
Lee Hee Ok: It is a good sign that China has taken a more open stance in dealing with the international economic order. From the perspective of the ROK, China's economy used to be relatively closed. But the Belt and Road Initiative is more multilateral, open and mutually beneficial. The main goal of this initiative is China's surrounding areas, most of which are developing countries with comparatively backward economies. China does not force them to develop under a Chinese model; instead it allows them to reap dividends or benefits from the initiative, which is widely accepted in those countries.
但是「一帶一路」仍然需要一些有魅力的領航項目，因為現在的藍圖不是看得見摸得著的，沒能讓人產生真實感。
But the Belt and Road Initiative still needs some attractive pilotage projects, as the current blueprint is neither visible nor palpable, failing to arouse a sense of reality among people.
China Focus: 您覺得「一帶一路」倡議提出後，中國的外交政策是否發生了變化？
China Focus: Do you think China's foreign policy has changed since the Belt and Road Initiative was put forward?
李熙玉: 中國的外交政策發生了變化。首先是，中國更加重視周邊外交。在這一過程中，中國與周邊國家可以形成共同利益，實現互利共贏。中國提出了區別於美國單邊主義的新型國際關係， 也就是強調雙向互動的外交。
Lee Hee Ok: China's foreign policy has indeed changed. First of all, it attaches greater importance to peripheral diplomacy. In this process China and neighboring countries can form common interests and achieve win-win effects. China has put forward a new type of international relations different from the U.S. unilateralism, that is, China's diplomacy emphasizes two-way interaction.
China Focus: 您覺得「一帶一路」倡議提出後，中國的國家形象有什麼變化？
China Focus: What do you think has changed in China's national image since the Belt and Road Initiative was put forward?
李熙玉: 中國在外交上更加開放，更加國際化。隨著經濟規模的不斷擴大，中國需要持續改善與其他國家的關係。
Lee Hee Ok: Now China is more open and international in diplomacy. As its economy continues to expand, China needs to improve its relations with other countries continuously.
▲ 2019年3月3日, 乘客們準備登上從河北石家莊飛往俄羅斯莫斯科的首架直飛航班。（圖/新華社）
Passengers get ready to board the first direct flight from Shijiazhuang, Hebei province, to Moscow, Russia, on March 3, 2019. (Photo/Xinhua)
China Focus: 習近平主席把「一帶一路」稱作「世紀工程」，這意味著「一帶一路」建設將是個長期過程。在您看來，在「一帶一路」建設的可持續性方面有什麼問題？該如何解決？
China Focus: President Xi Jinping has called the Belt and Road Initiative the 「Project of the Century」, which means that the construction of the initiative will be a long-term process. In your opinion, what are the sustainability problems during the construction of the initiative? How should they be solved?
李熙玉: 從歷史的角度來看，絲綢之路有著非常悠久的歷史，即使在21世紀也依然有它存在的價值，現在中國以開放、合作、共同治理為目標，在過去的基礎上對古絲綢之路的規劃做出了改善。
Lee Hee Ok: From a historical point of view, the Silk Road boasts a very long history and still has its value even in the 21st century. Now China aims at opening-up, cooperation and common governance. Based on the past, the planning of the ancient Silk Road has been modified.
中國應該進一步改進與「一帶一路」共建國家的合作方式，探索新型的發展模式，包括新的內容、新的形式等等。例如，現在中國在5G技術、大數據、人工智慧等方面發展很快，韓國也相信這些領域將是未來一段時間裡發展的主要方向。那麼中國可以利用這種優勢，與周邊發展中國家進行一種跨越式的合作，也就是打破傳統的合作，探索在新領域或是以新的形式進行合作。例如，愛沙尼亞曾經將引入先進技術作為國家戰略，成就了它的跨越式增長。現在，朝鮮也非常關注跨越式經濟增長的可能性。
China should further improve its way of cooperation with Belt and Road Initiative countries to seek new development models, including new contents, new forms and so on. For example, China is now moving rapidly in 5G technology, big data, artificial intelligence, etc., which the ROK also believes will be the main development orientation for some time to come. China can take advantage of such strengths and carry out a leap-forward cooperation with neighboring developing countries, that is, break traditional cooperation and explore new fields or forms of cooperation. Estonia, for instance, used to introduce advanced technology as a national strategy to achieve its leap-forward growth. And now the Democratic People's Republic of Korea is also very concerned about the possibility of leap-forward economic growth.
▲ 港珠澳大橋廣東省珠海段。（圖/中國日報）
The Zhuhai section of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge in Guangdong province. (Photo/China Daily)
中國可以構建和傳播一些國際話語，順應開放的時代精神。但是這種話語不能止於「話語」，要成為有魅力，傳播性強，也要有較高的接受度的有影響力的國際話語。這其實對於中國是一個很好的機會。
China can build and disseminate certain international discourse conforming to the spirit of open times. However, it cannot stop at simply being a "discourse," it should be made an attractive, propagative and influential international discourse with a high degree of acceptance. That is actually a good opportunity for China.
編輯 / 蔡海若
Editor / Cai Hairuo
圖片 / 網絡
美編 / 高銘
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