在日漸浮躁的今天
我們不盲從、不封閉、不惡意評判
用TED 開闊視野
What rivers can tell us about the earth's history
TED簡介：2013 | 作為從小在朝鮮長大的孩子，Hyeonseo Lee（李炫秀/音譯 ）認為她的國家是」世界上最好的"。她一直這樣認為。直到90年代的大饑荒，她開始懷疑。14歲時，她逃出朝鮮並開始了在中國隱姓埋名的難民生活。 這是一個關於生存和希望，令人痛心的私人故事。同時也是對那些遠在他鄉，卻仍然時刻生活在恐懼中的朝鮮人一個鮮明有力的提醒。
演講者：Hyeonseo Lee 李炫秀
片長：12：15
When I was little, I thought my country was the best on the planet. And I grew up singing a song called "Nothing To Envy." And I was very proud. In school, we spent a lot of time studying the history of Kim Il-Sung, but we never learned much about the outside world, except that America, South Korea, Japan are the enemies. Although I often wondered about the outside world, I thought I would spend my entire life in North Korea, until everything suddenly changed.
當我還是個孩子的時候，我認為我的國家是世界上最好的。我大一點後學會了一首叫做"無可羨慕"的歌，我覺得十分自豪。在學校，我們用很多時間來學習金日成的歷史，但是我們從來沒有對外面的世界有過太多了解，除了知道美國、韓國和日本是敵人外。雖然我也時常憧憬外面的世界，我以為我會在朝鮮度過我的一生，直到所有事情都忽然改變。
When I was seven years old, I saw my first public execution. But I thought my life in North Korea was normal.My family was not poor, and myself, I had never experienced hunger.
當我七歲的時候，我第一次見證了公開處決，但是我認為我在朝鮮的生活很正常。我的家庭並不貧窮。而且對我自己來說，我從來沒有體驗過飢餓的感覺。
But one day, in 1995, my mom brought home a letter from a coworker's sister. It read, "When you read this,our five family members will not exist in this world, because we haven't eaten for the past three weeks. We are lying on the floor together, and our bodies are so weak, we are waiting to die."
但是1995年的一天，我媽媽帶了一封信回家是從她同事的姐妹那裡寄來的。上面寫道，」當你讀到這封信時,我家的所有五個人都將離開人世。 因為我們已經連續兩周沒有吃東西了。 我們現在一起躺在地板上， 我們的身體都太虛弱，準備等死。「
I was so shocked. This was the first time I heard that people in my country were suffering. Soon after, when I was walking past a train station, I saw something terrible that to this day I can't erase from my memory. A lifeless woman was lying on the ground, while an emaciated child in her arms just stared helplessly at his mother's face. But nobody helped them, because they were so focused on taking care of themselves and their families.
我當時非常震驚，那是我第一次聽到活在我的國家的人們所在承受的一切。在這之後不久，當我走過一個火車站時，我看到一件非常痛心的事情讓我難以忘懷。 一個奄奄一息的女人正躺在地上， 懷裡抱著一個虛弱的孩子， 那個孩子只能絕望地望著他母親的臉。 但是沒有人幫助他們， 因為大家連自己和自己的家人都無法顧全。
A huge famine hit North Korea in the mid-1990s. Ultimately, more than a million North Koreans died during the famine, and many only survived by eating grass, bugs and tree bark. Power outages also became more and more frequent, so everything around me was completely dark at night, except for the sea of lights in China, just across the river from my home. I always wondered why they had lights, but we didn't. This is a satellite picture showing North Korea at night, compared to neighbors.
90年代中期朝鮮發生了一次嚴重的饑荒。 很不幸地，超過一百萬朝鮮人 餓死在饑荒裡。並且很多倖存者 是依靠吃草、蟲子和樹根活下來的。 停電也變得越來越頻繁， 到了晚上我周圍的一切都變得漆黑一片，除了中國的燈火通明，只要穿過我家旁的河就是。我經常思考為什麼他們有燈火而我們沒有。 這是一張衛星圖，拍攝了夜晚的朝鮮和周邊國家的比較。
This is the Amnok River, which serves as a part of the border between North Korea and China. As you can see, the river can be very narrow at certain points, allowing North Koreans to secretly cross. But many die.Sometimes, I saw dead bodies floating down the river. I can't reveal many details about how I left North Korea, but I only can say that during the ugly years of the famine, I was sent to China to live with distant relatives. But I only thought that I would be separated from my family for a short time. I could have never imagined that it would take 14 years to live together.
這是鴨綠江，作為著中國和朝鮮邊界的一部分。如同你們所見，這條河在某些地方非常窄，窄到朝鮮人能藉此偷渡到中國。但是很多嘗試偷渡的人死了。有時候我看見屍體浮在水面上。我不能披露太多我離開朝鮮時的細節，但是我只能說那是在饑荒中最艱難的幾年，我被送到中國和遠親一起住。當時我以為，我只是和我的家人分開很短一段時間。但是我從沒想到，經歷了14年我們才得以重聚。
In China, it was hard living as a young girl without my family. I had no idea what life was going to be like as a North Korean refugee. But I soon learned it's not only extremely difficult, it's also very dangerous, since North Korean refugees are considered in China as illegal migrants. So I was living in constant fear that my identity could be revealed, and I would be repatriated to a horrible fate, back in North Korea.
在中國，我作為一個沒家的小女孩過得很辛苦。我根本不知道，身為一個朝鮮的難民我未來的生活會怎樣。但是我很快意識到那生活不但充滿了艱辛，甚至無比危險。 因為朝鮮難民在中國被視為非法移民，所以我總是生活在恐懼中，我害怕我的身份會被人發現。 我會被遣送回朝鮮， 去接受悲慘的命運。
One day, my worst nightmare came true, when I was caught by the Chinese police, and brought to the police station for interrogation. Someone had accused me of being North Korean, so they tested my Chinese language abilities, and asked me tons of questions.
有一天，我最糟糕的惡夢成真了，我被中國警察抓住並帶去警察局接受審問。有人指控我是朝鮮人，所以警察測試了我的漢語能力，並且問了我很多問題。
I was so scared. I thought my heart was going to explode. If anything seemed unnatural, I could be imprisoned and repatriated. I thought my life was over. But I managed to control all the emotions inside me, and answer the questions. After they finished questioning me, one official said to another, "This was a false report. She's not North Korean." And they let me go. It was a miracle.
我當時非常害怕，感覺我的心都快因恐懼而爆炸了。如果有任何異樣，我就會入獄並被遣送回去， 我以為我這輩子完了。 儘管如此，我還是努力隱藏了自己的恐懼和擔憂， 並回答了他們的問題。 這之後，一個警察對另一個人說，「 報告是錯誤的，她不是朝鮮人。」 然後他們放我走了。真是個奇蹟。
Some North Koreans in China seek asylum in foreign embassies. But many can be caught by the Chinese police, and repatriated. These girls were so lucky. Even though they were caught, they were eventually released, after heavy international pressure. These North Koreans were not so lucky. Every year, countless North Koreans are caught in China and repatriated to North Korea, where they can be tortured, imprisoned, or publicly executed.
一些朝鮮人在中國到外國大使館去尋求庇護，但是很多人被中國警察抓住，並被送回朝鮮。這些女孩是幸運的，儘管她們被抓住了，但是迫於巨大的國際輿論壓力她們最終被釋放了。但還有一些朝鮮人就沒那麼幸運了。每年，無數的朝鮮人在中國被捕 並被遣送， 回到朝鮮後，他們被折磨、關押或者被公開處決。
Even though I was really fortunate to get out, many other North Koreans have not been so lucky. It's tragic that North Koreans have to hide their identities and struggle so hard just to survive. Even after learning a new language and getting a job, their whole world can be turned upside down in an instant. That's why, after 10 years of hiding my identity, I decided to risk going to South Korea. And I started a new life yet again.
儘管我足夠幸運能離開朝鮮，我的好多同胞卻沒有這樣的好運氣。這是個很悲慘的事實，那就是朝鮮人必須要隱姓埋名，如此努力僅僅為了能生存下去。即使他們學會了中文，找到了工作，他們的整個世界也會在頃刻間顛覆。這就是為什麼，在隱姓埋名10年後，我決定冒險去韓國。就這樣，我又一次開始了新的生活。
Settling down in South Korea was a lot more challenging than I had expected. English was so important in South Korea, so I had to start learning my third language. Also, I realized there was a wide gap between North and South. We are all Korean, but inside, we have become very different, due to 67 years of division. I even went through an identity crisis. Am I South Korean or North Korean? Where am I from? Who am I?Suddenly, there was no country I could proudly call my own.
在韓國定居比我想像的更加困難並且充滿了挑戰。英語在韓國太重要了，所以我必須要開始學習第三門語言——英語。此外，我意識到，韓國與朝鮮之間有巨大的差異。儘管我們都是朝鮮族人，但是我們的內在已經變得非常不同了，由於67年的分裂。我甚至經歷了自我身份的質疑。我到底是韓國人還是朝鮮人？我從哪裡來？我是誰？突然間，我似乎無法驕傲地稱任何一個國家為我自己的國家。
Even though adjusting to life in South Korea was not easy, I made a plan -- I started studying for the university entrance exam.
儘管適應韓國的生活並不是易事，但是我還是決定準備大學入學考試。
Just as I was starting to get used to my new life, I received a shocking phone call. The North Korean authorities intercepted some money that I sent to my family, and, as a punishment, my family was going to be forcibly removed to a desolate location in the countryside. They had to get out quickly. So I started planning how to help them escape.
就在我剛開始習慣新生活不久，我接到了一個令人震驚的電話。朝鮮政府攔截了 我寄回家的部分錢款， 作為懲罰，我的家人要被 強制搬走， 搬到農村的一個偏僻的地方去。 他們必須要趕快逃走， 所以我開始計劃幫助他們逃脫。
North Koreans have to travel incredible distances on the path to freedom. It's almost impossible to cross the border between North Korea and South Korea. So, ironically, I took a flight back to China and headed toward the North Korean border. Since my family couldn't speak Chinese, I had to guide them somehow through more than 2,000 miles in China, and then into Southeast Asia.
朝鮮人通往自由的道路是如此遙不可及。要想穿越朝鮮與韓國的邊境幾乎是不可能的，所以，頗具諷刺意味的是，我坐飛機到了中國然後再前往中朝邊境。因為我的家人不懂中文，所以我得幫助他們在中國穿越2000多公裡，進入東南亞。
The journey by bus took one week, and we were almost caught several times. One time, our bus was stopped and boarded by a Chinese police officer.He took everyone's I.D. cards, and he started asking them questions. Since my family couldn't understand Chinese, I thought my family was going to be arrested. As the Chinese officer approached my family, I impulsively stood up, and I told him that these are deaf and dumb people that I was chaperoning. He looked at me suspiciously, but luckily, he believed me.
我們在巴士上的旅途有一周之久， 好幾次都差點被抓住。又一次，我們坐的巴士被攔下了， 一個中國警官上了車，他查看每個人的身份證，並開始問問題。因為我的家人不懂中文，我害怕他們會被抓住。所以當那個中國警官快檢查到我家人時，我本能地站起來告訴他這幾位是聾啞人，我是他們的監護人。他懷疑地看著我，但幸運地，他相信了我的話。
We made it all the way to the border of Laos. But I had to spend almost all my money to bribe the border guards in Laos. But even after we got past the border, my family was arrested and jailed for illegal border crossing. After I paid the fine and bribe, my family was released in one month. But soon after, my family was arrested and jailed again, in the capital of Laos.
就這樣我們一路來到了寮國，但是我卻要幾乎花光全部積蓄來賄賂寮國的邊境警察。而且即使我們過了這一關，我的家人還是因非法入境，被捕入獄了。在我交了罰金和賄賂用的錢後，我的家人一個月後被釋放了，但不久後，他們在寮國的首都，又被抓起來了。
This was one of the lowest points in my life. I did everything to get my family to freedom, and we came so close, but my family was thrown in jail, just a short distance from the South Korean embassy. I went back and forth between the immigration office and the police station, desperately trying to get my family out. but I didn't have enough money to pay a bribe or fine anymore. I lost all hope.
那是我人生中最低落的時刻之一。我為了讓我的家人獲得自由，傾盡所能然而就在快要成功的時候，家人卻又要經歷牢獄之災，並且這個監獄離朝鮮大使館並不遠。我在移民局和警察局，來來回回折騰了好多次，絕望地努力著，希望能把他們救出來，但是我已沒有足夠的錢來賄賂或是交罰金了。我心灰意冷。
At that moment, I heard one man's voice ask me, "What's wrong?" I was so surprised that a total stranger cared enough to ask. In my broken English, and with a dictionary, I explained the situation, and without hesitating, the man went to the ATM, and he paid the rest of the money for my family, and two other North Koreans to get out of jail.
就在這時，我聽見一個人問我，「怎麼了？」我很是詫異，一個完全的陌生人這樣關切地詢問。我用蹩腳的英文再藉助字典，毫不猶豫地向那個人解釋了情況。那個人走去ATM機，為我的家人以及另兩個朝鮮人支付了出獄的剩餘的所有費用。
I thanked him with all my heart, and I asked him, "Why are you helping me?"
"I'm not helping you," he said. "I'm helping the North Korean people."
我真心地感謝他，並問道，「你為什麼要幫助我？」
「我並不是在幫助你，」他回答，「我是在幫助朝鮮的人們。「
I realized that this was a symbolic moment in my life. The kind stranger symbolized new hope for me and the North Korean people, when we needed it most. And he showed me that the kindness of strangers and the support of the international community are truly the rays of hope we North Korean people need.
我當時就意識到那是我人生很有象徵意義的一個時刻。那個善良的陌生人象徵著我以及朝鮮人最需要的希望。他使我明白，陌生人的善意和國際社會的支持真是我們朝鮮人需要的希望之光。
Eventually, after our long journey, my family and I were reunited in South Korea. But getting to freedom is only half the battle. Many North Koreans are separated from their families, and when they arrive in a new country, they start with little or no money.
最終，在經歷了漫長的旅行後，我和家人終於在韓國重聚。但是獲得自由只是打贏了戰爭的一半。很多朝鮮人和他們的家人分離，並且當他們來到新的國家時，他們通常都只有很少的錢，或者身無分文。
So we can benefit from the international community for education, English language training, job training, and more. We can also act as a bridge between the people inside North Korea and the outside world. Because many of us stay in contact with family members still inside, and we send information and money that is helping to change North Korea from inside.
所以我們可以通過國際社會的幫助來接受教育，英語培訓，工作培訓等等。 我們還可以作為 世界與生活在朝鮮的同胞之間 的溝通橋梁。 因為我們很多人都和 生活在朝鮮的家人保持聯繫。我們寄送回去的信息和錢都在內在地改變朝鮮。
I've been so lucky, received so much help and inspiration in my life, so I want to help give aspiring North Koreans a chance to prosper with international support. I'm confident that you will see more and more North Koreans succeeding all over the world, including the TED stage.
我是如此幸運，在人生中得到了這麼多幫助和啟示，所以我想幫助那些心懷夢想的朝鮮人在國際的援助下，一個實現夢想的機會。我有信心你們將會看到越來越多的朝鮮人在世界的舞臺上取得成功，包括TED這個舞臺。
Thank you.(Applause)
謝謝（掌聲）
網友熱評
轉載需註明：來自TED博物館 ID：TEDMORE
版權歸TED所有，僅供學習交流如有侵權也請後臺聯繫
▼點擊原文 到TED官網看本期