EN71-2規定了對於玩具產品的燃燒性能標準。
≡ 玩具產品製造商應該履行的義務 ≡
1.When placing their toys on the market, manufacturers shall ensure that they have been designed and manufactured in accordance with the requirements set out in Article 10 and Annex II.
玩具投放到市場的時候,需要保證玩具設計符合歐盟規定的玩具基本安全要求和特別安全要求。
2.Manufacturers shall draw up the required technical documentation in accordance with Article 21 and carry out or have carried out the applicable conformity assessment procedure in accordance with Article 19.
Where compliance of a toy with the applicable requirements has been demonstrated by that procedure, manufacturers shall draw up an EC declaration of conformity, as referred to in Article 15, and affix the CE marking, as set out in Article 17(1).
制定產品檔案和實施符合性評估程序,當產品評估結果合格時,制定EC符合性聲明。
3.Manufacturers shall keep the technical documentation and the EC declaration of conformity for a period of 10 years after the toy has been placed on the market.
在玩具投放到市場後,產品檔案和EC符合性聲明必須保存10年。
4. Manufacturers shall ensure that procedures are in place for series production to remain in conformity. Changes in toy design or characteristics and changes in the harmonised standards by reference to which conformity of a toy is declared shall be adequately taken into account.
When deemed appropriate with regard to the risks presented by a toy, manufacturers shall, to protect the health and safety of consumers, carry out sample testing of marketed toys, investigate, and, if necessary, keep a register of complaints, of non-conforming toys and toy recalls, and shall keep distributors informed of any such monitoring.
必須確保在一系列的生產過程中保持生產合格的程序到位,必須充分的考慮任何設計或特徵的變更,以及所參考的協調標準更新所引起符合性變化。
5.Manufacturers shall ensure that their toys bear a type, batch, serial or model number or other element allowing their identification, or, where the size or nature of the toy does not allow it, that the required information is provided on the packaging or in a document accompanying the toy.
必須在玩具上標明類型,批號或系列號或模型編號,或任何其他確認身份的信息:當受玩具的尺寸或特徵限制時,可在包裝或說明書註明這些信息。
6.Manufacturers shall indicate their name, registered trade name or registered trade mark and the address at which they can be contacted on the toy or, where that is not possible, on its packaging or in a document accompanying the toy. The address shall indicate a single point at which the manufacturer can be contacted.
必須將他們的名稱,註冊名稱或註冊商標以及可被聯繫的地址標註在玩具或包裝上;當玩具尺寸有限,可在附帶的說明書上註明以上信息。
7.Manufacturers shall ensure that the toy is accompanied by instructions and safety information in a language or languages easily understood by consumers, as determined by the Member State concerned.
說明書和安全信息等必須採用所在成員國消費者容易理解的文字。
8.Manufacturers who consider or have reason to believe that a toy which they have placed on the market is not in conformity with the relevant Community harmonisation legislation shall immediately take the corrective measures necessary to bring that toy into conformity, to withdraw it or recall it, if appropriate. Furthermore, where the toy presents a risk, manufactures shall immediately inform the competent national authorities of the Member States in which they made the toy available to that effect, giving details, in particular, of the non-compliance and of any corrective measures taken.
當製造商有理由懷疑投放入市場的玩具不符合歐盟法規時,必須立即採取必要的糾正措施,撤回或召回。當玩具出現風險時,應該立即通知成員國的主管部門。
9.Manufacturers shall, further to a reasoned request from a competent national authority, provide that authority with all the information and documentation necessary to demonstrate the conformity of the toy, in a language easily understood by that authority. They shall cooperate with that authority, at its request, as regards any action taken to eliminate the risks posed by toys which they have placed on the market.
在收到市場監督機構的要求時,必須向其提供所有信息和文件以證明玩具合格。同時配合其工作,立即採取行動解決玩具產品所帶來的風險。
≡ 玩具產品進口商和分銷商應該履行的義務 ≡
玩具安全新指令要求進口商和分銷商逐級檢查:
▲ 進口商應檢查製造商是否符合有關要求,如是否有技術檔案、是否進行合格評定程序,需要時可隨機抽樣檢驗;
▲ 合格標誌,如將進口商名稱打在玩具或包裝上,以便聯絡;
▲ 保證玩具上的說明書或其他資料是用消費者能理解的語言書寫;
▲ 保證在玩具運輸或貯存過程仍然符合要求等。
≡ 玩具產品新指令對於CE標誌要求 ≡
根據歐盟玩具安全指令2009/48/EC的要求,在歐盟市場上流通的玩具產品應該加貼CE標誌,CE標誌受《歐洲議會和理事會(EC)第765/2008號條例》第30條所規定的一般性原則的約束。
成員國應假定帶有CE標誌的玩具符合本指令的規定,不帶有CE標誌或不符合本指令要求的玩具可以在商品交易會、展會上展出或使用,前提是其隨附標誌上清楚地說明該玩具不符合本指令要求,且在其符合相關規定之前不會被供應市場。
在玩具投放市場前應先行加貼CE標誌,也可加貼圖標或其他表明特別風險或用途的標識。加貼於玩具、隨附標籤、包裝上的CE標誌應當清晰可辨、不易擦拭。(外包裝上的CE標誌儘可能使用列印的方式)
如果玩具過小、或者玩具包含有小部件,CE標誌可以加帖在標籤或隨附的商品說明上。玩具在櫃檯銷售而令上述作法不具技術可行性,或櫃檯本意是作為玩具包裝的,CE標誌可以在加貼於櫃檯上。從包裝外面無法看到CE標誌的,其至少應當加貼於包裝之上。CE標誌的高度至少為5mm。
≡ 歐盟委員會對安全不合規產品的處罰 ≡
新指令要求歐盟各個成員國應制定對經濟經營者的處罰規則,其中可包括對嚴重違法行為的刑事處罰,適用於違反根據本指令通過的國家規定,並應採取一切必要措施確保這些規則得到執行。
目前,歐盟委員會要求歐盟境內/境外的製造商需要藉助第三方認證機構完成相關標準檢測並被授予CE證書,否則不得上市銷售;
帶有CE標誌的玩具產品到達歐盟口岸後,一旦被歐盟海關抽查到不符合相關產品安全檢測要求,那麼監督機構會對其產品進行扣留、銷毀、退貨或通報處理。
對於加貼了CE標誌並已經在市場上進行銷售的產品,發現不符合要求的,要責令從市場收回;持續違反規定的,將被限制或禁止進入歐盟市場。
想進軍歐盟市場,CE認證明顯是必不可少的其中一個環節,此前我們也發布過一篇文章,舉例了目前歐盟市場上最常見的「召回退市」玩具案例。
(#產品禁售 ! 盤點2020年上半年出口歐盟最容易「踩雷」的類目產品!#)
賣家也可以根據自身產品的標準進行參考對比,不同的玩具標準要做不同的檢測項目,但幾乎所有出口到歐洲的玩具都要通過EN71的嚴格測試。一旦被海關抽查到產品不符合安全規定要求,那麼即將要面臨的可能是嚴重的損失。