When you're answering IELTS speaking questions, do you sometimes ramble, go round in circles, get lost, or even forget the question? So, yeah, I think that I've forgotten the question. . .
當你回答雅思口語問題時，你是否有時會漫不經心、繞圈子、迷茫，甚至忘記了問題？嗯，我忘了這個問題......
If you do, it's bringing your fluency score down but don't worry, you're not alone. It happens to many people.
如果你就是這樣，這會降低你的流利度分數，但不用擔心，你並不孤單。很多人都會這樣。
And in this video, I'm going to show you some natural and advanced fillers and connectors that will up your fluency level. Hi, my name is Keith.
在本期視頻中，我將向你們展示一些自然和高級的填充詞和關聯詞，提高你們的流利程度。嗨，我叫基斯。
If you don't know me, I run the website ieltsspeakingsuccess, trying to give you better English, better answers, and get a higher score on IELTS speaking. I also run free live lessons on Facebook, Facebook live every Tuesday and Thursday.
如果你不認識我，我運營 ieltsspeakingsuccess 網站，致力於提高學生的英語，讓學生們在雅思口語考試中作出更好的回答，拿到更高的分數。我還在臉書上有免費的直播課程，時間是每周二和周四。
Check out the link below, 10 a. m. 10 a. m. Spanish time. I also have an online course on udemy: IELTS Speaking Success Get a Band 7+.
點擊下面連結看看吧。我在 udemy 上有一門線上課程：IELTS Speaking Success Get a Band 7+。
Check it out if it's right for you. Today, then we're going to look at fillers and improving your fluency.
適合你的話就去看看吧。今天，我們要學填充詞和提高你的流利度。
So, fluency makes up 25% of your score in the IELTS speaking, right? It consists of hesitation:
在雅思口語考試中，流利度佔你分數的25%。它包括猶豫：
I, I, I live. . . repetition:
我，我，我住在......重複：
I want, I want, I want, I want, I want to, I want to. . . . . . arrange of connectives and discourse markers.
我想，我想，我想，我想，我想，我想，我想......以及關聯詞和話語標誌的使用。
And what are they? Well, connectives and discourse markers are rather fancy names for fillers and signposts.
它們是什麼呢？嗯，關聯詞和話語標誌就是填充詞和標誌詞的另一種說法。
To improve your fluency, you need to be coherent; you need to connect your ideas and your sentences with good connectors and fillers and show the examiner what you're going to say. Now, many people have a limited range.
為了提高你的流利度，你需要連貫；你需要把你的想法和句子用恰當的關聯詞和填充詞連接起來，向考官展示你要說什麼。很多人掌握的這些詞都是有限的。
They repeat the same connectors. And I think also. . . I also think that. . . and I think. . . I think. . .
他們重複使用一些關聯詞。我還認為......我還覺得......我覺得......我認為......
For a band 7 and above, you need a wide range of connectors and discourse markers. First and foremost, I love desserts, but that said, I only eat them now and again.
要拿七分以上，你需要用上大量的關聯詞和話語標誌。首先，我喜歡甜點，不過，我只是偶爾吃。
So, let's have a look at what we do in IELTS speaking. We need to give opinions, right, add information, emphasize, clarify, compare and contrast, conclude.
我們看看在雅思口語中是怎麼做的。我們需要表達觀點，對吧，補充信息，強調，闡明，比較和對比，總結。
And we'll be using different language to do this. We may be saying, for example, "I think", "also", "I really think", "I mean", "but", "however", "in conclusion", and all of these are good, but they're not enough.
我們會使用不同的詞去完成。例如，我們可能會說「我認為」、「而且」、「我真的認為」、「我的意思是」、「但是」、「然而」、「總而言之」，所有這些都是不錯的，但它們還不夠。
You need a wider range of connectors to impress the examiner and really push up your fluency. So, let's have a look at each of these different areas and how we can expand your fillers.
你需要更廣泛的關聯詞來打動考官，真正提高你的流利度。我們來看看這些不同的方面以及我們如何擴充我們的填充詞。
So, let's look first of all at opinions, giving opinions. Take this question: Do you like going to museums?
那麼，我們首先看看觀點，表達觀點。例如這個問題：你喜歡去博物館嗎？
Well, to be honest, I'm not a big fan of museums. Honestly, I'm not a big fan of museums.
嗯，老實說，我不太喜歡博物館。老實說，我不太喜歡博物館。
So, notice, if the answers are "no", we can say "well, to be honest" or "honestly". Notice the rising falling intonation: Honestly.
注意，如果回答是「不」，那麼我們可以說「老實說」或者「講真」。注意先上升後下降的語調：老實說。
If the answer is a positive: Wow! Without a doubt, I'm a big fan of museums.
如果回答是肯定的：哇！毫無疑問，我超喜歡博物館。
Absolutely! I'm really into museums. Notice we can say "yes" or "wow, without a doubt", "without a doubt" or "absolutely" with quite a bit of emotion as well, right, "absolutely".
當然！我非常喜歡博物館。注意，我們可以說「是的」或「哇，毫無疑問」，「毫無疑問」，「當然」，加一點感情進去，「當然了」。
Show the emotion on your face, "absolutely". It's nice to give some feeling in our IELTS speaking.
臉部表現一點感情，「當然了」。在雅思口語中流露一點感情是很好的。
And here's another question: Do you think history is important?
下面是另一個問題：你認為歷史重要嗎？
Now, if your answer is "yes, it's very important", you could say: Yeah, I reckon it's essential.
如果你的回答是「是的，它非常重要」，那麼你可以說：對，我認為它是必不可少的。
For sure, in my eyes, it's really important because without it. . . Yep, I'd say it's pretty important, because without it. . .
當然，在我眼裡，它非常重要，因為如果沒有它......是的，我覺得它非常重要，因為如果沒有它......
Yeah, I reckon. . . "I reckon" means "I think".
是的，我認為......「I reckon」意思是「我認為」。
It's more colloquial and really nice to use in IELTS speaking. You could also say "for sure", "in my eyes", "in my view", all of these are good.
它更口語化，在雅思口語中使用非常好。你也可以說「當然」、「在我眼裡」、「在我看來」，所有這些都是好的。
You can say "yes/yeah/yep", all of these are natural English and really good to use. "I would say" or "I'd say"?
你可以說「yes/yeah/yep」，所有這些都是非常自然的英語，很好用。「I would say」還是「I'd say」？
I advise you make the contraction "I would say" "I'd say", "I'd", "I'd say". If you're not sure if it's important or not, you may be using language like "I guess so" or "I suppose so".
我建議你用「I would say」的縮寫「I'd say」，「I'd say」。如果你不確定某事是否重要，你可以用「I guess so」或「I suppose so」之類的字眼。
Notice how you can mix them up, right? I guess so. I suppose history gives us a sense of identity and. . .
你可以一起用。我想是這樣。我想歷史給了我們一種認同感……
I suppose so. I guess history shapes our present-day culture and identity. . . I guess so. I suppose history. . .
我想是這樣。我想歷史塑造了我們現在的文化和身份……我想是這樣。我想歷史……
I suppose so. I guess history is important. And notice the number one mistake.
我想是這樣。我認為歷史很重要。注意第一個錯誤。
The most common mistake is: "Do you think history is important?" - "I think yes." That's not right, right?
最常見的錯誤是：「你認為歷史重要嗎？」 - 「我覺得是。」這樣不對。
You have to say this: I think so. Yes, it is important.
你得這樣說：我認為是這樣。是的，它很重要。
So, be careful with that one. Let's move on.
要小心這個錯誤。我們繼續。
Let's look now how we can use some nice fillers and connectors to begin an answer. Here's one question.
現在讓我們看看如何使用一些好的填充詞和關聯詞來開始作答。下面是問題。
What are the advantages of traveling by plane? Well, first of all, it's fast and really convenient.
坐飛機旅行有什麼好處？嗯，首先，它很快速而且非常方便。
"First of all" make sense, right? Logical. Notice we often say "well, first", "well, first of all" and you're connecting "first of all".
「首先」有道理，對吧？合乎邏輯。注意，我們經常說「嗯，第一」，「嗯，首先」，你連接了「首先」。
Well to kick off, it's faster than most other means of transport. "Well to kick off", to kick off, it's like the football match, right, to begin, to "kick off" is just to begin, "well, to begin" or "to kick off".
首先，它比其他交通工具都快。「Well to kick off」，就像足球比賽，對，開始，「kick off」就是開始，「well, to begin」或「to kick off」。
For starters, it's faster than most other means of transport. Now, that's a really nice colloquial filler, "for starters".
首先，它比大多數其他交通工具都要快。這是一個很好的口語填充詞，「for starters」。
Often, we use it for the first course of a meal, but also when you're talking to say "to begin with", "for starters", nice. Let's move on now and look at the same question — the advantages of flying — and how we can add information.
通常，我們在一頓飯的第一道菜上用這個詞，但是當你說話的時候，也可以說「for starters」表示「首先」，很好。現在讓我們繼續討論同一個問題——飛行的優勢——以及如何增加信息。
What fillers can we use here? Well, we can use another thing is "on top of that", "as far as I know", "to my knowledge", all of these are great.
這裡我們可以用什麼填充詞呢？我們還可以用「此外」、「據我所知」、「據我了解」，所有這些都很好。
Let's see these in action. Another thing is, apparently, flying is the safest way to travel.
我們看看它們的應用。而且，顯然，飛行是最安全的旅行方式。
On top of that, flying is said to be the safest way to travel. As far as I know, flying is the safest way to travel.
此外，飛行據說是最安全的旅行方式。據我所知，飛行據說是最安全的旅行方式。
To my knowledge, flying is the safest way to travel. And now for emphasizing, there are different ways we can emphasize.
據我了解，飛行據說是最安全的旅行方式。現在我們可以用不同的方式來強調。
A nice one, rather complex but higher level is this one: "I'd go as far as to say", which means I would add even more emphatically, "I would go as far as here to say something". Let's have a look.
一個更好的，相當複雜但更高級的填充用語是：I'd go as far as to say，意思是我甚至更強調，「我甚至會說」。我們來看看。
I'd go as far as saying flying is the best way to travel hands down. "Hands down" is a lovely expression. "Hands down" just means "for sure", "undoubtedly".
我甚至會說，坐飛機無疑是最好的旅行方式。「Hands down」是一個很可愛的表達。「Hands down」的意思是「肯定的」、「無疑的」。
Make notes, start practicing it.?We can also use "actually", "as a matter of fact", "in fact" and "here's the thing".
做好筆記，開始練習它。我們也可以用"actually"， "as a matter of fact"， "in fact"和"here's the thing"。
Notice the intonation is really important. "Actually" usually has that falling and rising information and that "mm" indicates you're going to carry on.
注意，語調非常重要。「Actually」通常有下降和上升的語調，而「mm」則表示你會繼續說下去。
Actually, I think this. Actually flying is the safest way to travel. Let's have a look at these in action.
實際上，我想是這樣。其實飛行是最安全的旅行方式。我們看看這些詞的應用。
Actually, flying is the safest way to travel. As a matter of fact, flying is the safest way to travel.
實際上，坐飛機是最安全的旅行方式。事實上，乘飛機是最安全的旅行方式。
In fact, flying is the safest way to travel. And here's the thing, apparently, flying is the safest way to travel.
事實上，乘飛機是最安全的旅行方式。顯然，坐飛機是最安全的旅行方式。
Now, when we move to giving examples. . . . . . there are many ways we can do it.
我們繼續舉例子的時候......我們可以用很多表達。
The common ones: "for example", "for instance", "take me as an example", "take me as an example". Let's see some of these in action.
常見的有：「for example」、「for instance」、「take me as an example」。我們看看它們的應用。
For instance, to my knowledge, Quantas airlines has never had a fatal accident, ever? You can see this with Quantas airlines, as far as I know, they've never had a fatal accident, ever?
比如，據我所知，Quantas 航空從來沒有發生過致命事故，是嗎？你可以從 Quantas 航空公司看到這一點，據我所知，他們從來沒有發生過致命事故，是嗎？
I love that last one: You can see this with Samsung; you can see this with Apple. So, whichever your example is, it's a really nice smooth natural way to give an example.
我喜歡後面那個：你可以從三星看到這一點；你可以從蘋果看到這一點。無論你舉的例子是什麼，這都是一個很好的，很自然的舉例方式。
Let's move on. Now, a part 3 question is often why does some people do this.
我們繼續。第三部分的問題是為什麼有些人會這樣做。
Now, this is a difficult question because it's very open and often we want to clarify what we mean or what we're going to talk about. And one of the great strategies in part three with the "why do some people. . . ?" question is to break it down to look at different kinds of people, right?
這是一個很難回答的問題，因為這是一個非常開放的問題，我們經常想弄清楚我們的意思或者我們將要談論什麼。在第三部分「為什麼有些人……」的問題中，一個很好的策略就是把它分解成不同類型的人。
We can talk about young people, parents, old people, workers, unemployed. Break it down.
我們可以談論年輕人，父母，老人，工人，失業者。分解它。
And so to do that, we use very simple clarifying techniques. My favourite is this one:
為此，我們使用非常簡單的說明技巧。我最喜歡這個：
If we're talking about young people, I reckon they move to the city in search of better job opportunities. Did you get that?
如果我們談論的是年輕人，我想他們搬到城市是為了尋找更好的工作機會。懂了嗎？
If we're talking about. . . if we are talking about something or someone, if we're talking about. . . great. Here's another example.
如果我們說的是......如果我們說的是某事或某人，如果我們說的是......很好。下面是另一個例子。
If we're talking about parents, I suppose they want a better school for their children. Let's look now at contrasting, contrasting.
如果我們說的是家長，我想他們是想讓孩子上更好的學校。現在讓我們看看對比，對比。
Similar to comparing, but where we look at A, and then contrast it with B. So often, we use the word "but".
類似於比較，但是我們看 A，然後把它和 B 對比。我們經常會用單詞「but」。
"There is this, but there's that". "But" is the most overused connector.
「這樣，但是也那樣。」「But」是濫用得最多的關聯詞。
What other ways we can use to express that? Well, "however", "that said", "mind you", "at the same time".
我們還能用其他哪些詞呢？嗯，「however」、「that said」、「mind you」、「at the same time」。
And notice with most of these, we have that falling rising intonation: that said, mind you. And it just indicates that we're going to carry on speaking.
注意，大多數這些詞都是先降後升的語調：that said，mind you。表明我們還要說下去。
It's great natural intonation, lovely connector. Let's see in practice.
這是非常自然的語調，非常好的關聯詞。我們看看它們的應用。
The same question as before: Why do some people choose to live in the city rather than in the countryside? If we're talking about young people, I reckon they move to the city in search of better job opportunities.
還是之前的問題：為什麼有些人選擇住在城市而不是農村？如果我們談論的是年輕人，我想他們搬到城市是為了尋找更好的工作機會。
That said, many people who work remotely choose to live in the suburbs or even the countryside. If we're talking about parents, I suppose they want a better school for their kids.
儘管如此，許多遠程辦公的人還是選擇住在郊區甚至鄉村。如果我們說的是家長，我想他們是想讓孩子上更好的學校。
Mind you, nowadays, there are lots of good quality schools to be found in rural areas too. Can you see how that works?
但是，現在農村地區也有很多優質學校。明白它們的作用了嗎？
Brilliant! Start practicing. And let's wind up with concluding, ha, concluding.
太好了！開始練習吧。我們最後來說說總結，總結。
There are different ways to conclude: finally, to summarize, in conclusion. I think some of the more natural ones are these: in a nutshell, overall, all in all, at the end of the day.
表示總結有不同的詞：finally、to summarize、in conclusion。我認為一些比較自然的說法是：in a nutshell、overall、all in all、at the end of the day。
So again, let's have a look at these in action. In a nutshell, I think people move to the city because it offers more opportunities.
我們再來看看它們的應用。簡而言之，我認為人們搬到城市是因為城市提供了更多的機會。
Overall, I think people move to the city because it offers more opportunities. All in all, I'd say people move to the city because it offers more opportunities.
總的來說，我認為人們搬到城市是因為城市提供了更多的機會。總之，我認為人們搬到城市是因為城市提供了更多的機會。
At the end of the day, I suppose people move to the city because it offers more opportunities. Guys, that's it. A whole bunch of fillers that will help you improve your fluency and give cracking answers in your IELTS speaking for part 1 and part 3.
總之，我認為人們搬到城市是因為城市提供了更多的機會。夥計們，就是這樣了。很多可以幫助你提高流利程度的填充詞，幫助你們在雅思口語第一部分和第三部分中作出精彩的回答。
I hope this has helped. Just to remind you, come along to Facebook, the ieltsspeakingsuccess, Facebook page, Tuesday and Thursday 10 o'clock Spanish time.
我希望有幫助。提醒一下，去 Facebook，ieltsspeakingsuccess，Facebook 頁面看看吧，西班牙時間周二和周四10點。
Free lessons! It's brilliant! We have a ball! We have a whale of a time!
免費課程！非常棒！我們愉快玩耍！我們一起蹦迪！
Do come and join us! And if you're looking for a more in-depth online course, check out my course on udemy: IELTS Speaking Success; Get a Band 7+.
來加入我們吧！如果你想找一個更深入的在線課程，可以在 udemy 上查看我的課程：IELTS Speaking Success; Get a Band 7+。
Go ahead! Go and get it! Get a band 7+! Please share this video with your friends, subscribe, turn on notifications.
去吧！去上我的課吧！拿七分以上！請把這個視頻分享給你的朋友，訂閱，打開通知功能。
I really appreciate you following me and thank you very much and I can't wait to see you soon. Take care, everybody. Byebye.
我真的很感謝你的關注，非常感謝，我迫不及待地想儘快見到你。大家保重，拜拜。