* 用英語自身來理解和學習英語是最好的方式,《英讀廊》是《滿庭說英語》中的拓展閱讀系列,這一系列的文章力求幫助大家在英語閱讀能力上有所提升,並樹立英語思維;* 推薦的閱讀的方法是:先原文,適當看解析閱讀,還有疑惑再看雙語對照。* 解析中英語單詞的音標使用Dictcom和IPA雙音標標註,如果需要了解Dictcom音標,請參看我們的《dictionary.com所用的音標體系》一文。* 本篇文章難度係數7.1,由《小仙英語伴讀》人工智慧難度分析系統提供評分。
#英語思維#
Why does computer OS take up so much storage when it's just mostly made up of texts of code?【譯】為什麼計算機作業系統只由代碼文本組成,卻要佔用這麼多的存儲空間?【單詞】computer [kuhm-'pyoo-ter][km'pjut(r)] n. 電腦;計算機【單詞】storage ['stawr-ij]['strd] n. 保管;貯藏;倉庫;[計]存儲器【單詞】mostly ['mohst-lee]['mstli] adv. 主要地;通常【單詞】code [kohd][kd] n. 代碼,編碼【專有名詞】OS [os]['es] abbr. 作業系統=(Operating System)
I understand computer operating systems aren't just made up of texts, but I still don't understand how it can take up 10-20 gb of storage when it doesn't have that many images or videos.【譯】我知道計算機作業系統不僅僅是由文本組成的,但我仍然不明白,當它沒有那麼多圖像或視頻時,它怎麼會佔用10-20gb的存儲空間。【單詞】operating 原型:operate ['op-uh-reyt]['pret] v. 操作;運轉;經營;動手術【單詞】gb,也寫作GB 是gibibyte的簡寫 信息或計算機存儲的一個單位【單詞】images 原型:image ['im-ij]['md] n. 影像;圖像;圖片
It's a lot of text.【譯】有很多文字。【短語】a lot of …… 許多;例句:We have grown a lot of beautiful roses this year. 今年我們栽種了許多漂亮的玫瑰。
Like a whole whole lot.【譯】差不多一大堆吧。
The Windows git repo is 300GB.【譯】Windows作業系統的 git 倉庫存儲空間佔用為300GB。【單詞】git repo 這裡指存儲計算機代碼的一個虛擬「倉庫」,可以理解成存儲代碼的虛擬空間【專有名詞】Windows n. 微軟公司生產的「視窗」作業系統
Though to be fair this also contains a lot of old stuff.【譯】公平地說,這裡面也有很多舊東西。【單詞】fair [fair][fe] adj. 公平的 adv. 公平地,直接地【單詞】contains 原型:contain [kuhn-'teyn][kn'ten] vt. 容納;包含【單詞】stuff [stuhf][stf] n. 東西;原料;材料
But this is also compressed.【譯】但這也已經是壓縮過了的。【單詞】compressed 原型:compress [kuhm-'pres]['kmpres] vt. 壓縮
The source code for the linux kernel which is only a small part of a fully functioning OS in 2010 compressed was about 60MB, about 500MB uncompresed and compiles down to about 70MB.【譯】Linux作業系統內核的原始碼在2010年只是一個功能齊全的作業系統的一小部分,壓縮後的原始碼約為60MB,未壓縮的約500MB,可編譯到約70MB。【短語】part of …… (某事物的)一部分;例句:He received part of his education in England. 他有一部分教育是在英國接受的。【專有名詞】Linux 誕生於1991 年10 月5 日,是一套免費使用和自由傳播的計算機作業系統,是一個從UNIX發展而來,基於多用戶、多任務、支持多線程和多CPU的作業系統【單詞】kernel ['kur-nl]['knl] n. 核心;仁;中心【單詞】fully ['fool-ee]['fli] adv. 十分地;完全地;全部;足足【單詞】functioning 原型:function ['fuhngk-shuhn]['fkn] vi. 運行;起作用【單詞】compiles 原型:compile [kuhm-'pahyl][km'pal] vt. 編譯;編制;編纂
You can slim it down a lot if you know the exact hardware, but in general an OS will need to be able to run a wide variety of hardware that may or may not be present without needing to be recompiled.【譯】如果你知道確切的硬體,你可以精簡很多,但一般來說,一個作業系統需要能夠支持各種各樣的硬體,這些硬體可能存在也可能不存在,而(作業系統提供時)不能夠總是重新編譯。【單詞】slim [slim][slm] v. 減肥;縮減【單詞】exact [ig-'zakt][ɡ'zkt] adj. 精密嚴謹的;確切的【單詞】hardware ['hahrd-wair]['hɑdwe] n. [計] 硬體【單詞】variety [vuh-'rahy-i-tee][v'rati] n. 多樣;種類;多樣化
And will also need to have and support a wide variety of programs.【譯】而且還需要有和支持各種各樣的軟體。【單詞】programs 原型:program ['proh-gram, -gruhm]['prɡrm] n. 程序;軟體
That leads to a lot of code that isn't actually used on any specific hardware setup.【譯】這會導致很多代碼實際上最終沒有在任何特定的硬體設置中使用。【單詞】setup ['set-uhp]['setp] n. 裝備;安裝
The base OS takes a lot less than 10-20Gb, the bloat comes with all the add-ons.【譯】基本作業系統佔用的空間遠小於10-20Gb,所有的附加組件都會帶來臃腫。【單詞】base [beys][bes] n. 底部;基地;基礎;基數;基線【單詞】bloat [bloht][blt] n. 膨脹;腫脹【單詞】add-ons 原型:add-on ['ad-on, -awn][d n] n. 追加;附加,附件
The OS just tells the computer how to interact with basic peripherals, but people expect browsers, mail applications and so on to be standard.【譯】作業系統只是告訴計算機如何與基本外圍設備交互,但人們希望瀏覽器、郵件應用程式等都是標準(作業系統包含)的。【單詞】interact [in-ter-'akt][ntr'kt] vi. 相互作用;相互聯繫;相互影響;互動【單詞】peripherals 原型:peripheral [puh-'rif-er-uhl][p'rfrl] n. 外圍設備【單詞】browsers ['brou-zer][b'razz] 瀏覽器【單詞】mail [meyl][mel] n. 郵件
Images and video are also made of lines of code, and actually a much simpler code than OS.【譯】圖像和視頻也由很多行代碼組成,實際上比作業系統的代碼簡單得多的代碼。
All an image code needs to do is tell the output device what pixel to light up in what color.【譯】一個圖像代碼需要做的就是告訴輸出設備什麼像素要用什麼顏色點亮。【單詞】output ['out-poot]['atpt] n. 輸出 vt. 輸出(信息等) 【單詞】device [dih-'vahys][d'vas] n. 裝置;設備【單詞】pixel ['pik-suhl, -sel]['pksl] n. 像素
OS line of code needs to tell a bunch of different parts what do do, when to do it, how to interact with other parts etc.【譯】作業系統的代碼行需要告訴一堆不同的部分做什麼,什麼時候做,如何與其他部分交互等等。【單詞】bunch [buhnch][bnt] n. 串;束;一群;捆【單詞】etc ['etk] abbr. 及其他;等等(=Et cetera)
As others have said, most of the space is taken up by graphics like logos, icons, etc.【譯】正如其他人所說,大部分空間都被圖標、圖標等圖形文件所佔據。【短語】most of …… 大部分,大多數的;絕大多數;例句:I think most of these obstacles can be surmounted. 我認為這些障礙大多數都是可以克服的。【單詞】graphics 原型:graphic ['graf-ik]['ɡrfk] n. 圖表【單詞】logos 原型:logo ['loh-goh]['lɡ] n. 商標;標識;圖形【單詞】icons 原型:icon ['ahy-kon]['akn] n. 偶像;象徵;[計算機]圖標
This is true but most programs that you run on your computer are not just "texts of code".【譯】這是真的,但你在你的電腦上運行的大多數程序不僅僅是「代碼文本」。
Most computer languages use a program called a compiler to translate the text into a special format that the computer can execute, because computers cannot understand straight text.【譯】大多數計算機語言使用一個稱為編譯器的程序將文本翻譯成計算機可以執行的特殊格式,因為計算機無法理解純文本。【單詞】compiler [kuhm-'pahy-ler][km'pal] n. 編輯者;[計算機]編譯器;編譯程序【單詞】translate [trans-'leyt][trns'let] v. 翻譯;解釋;轉移;調動【單詞】format ['fawr-mat]['fmt] n. 版式;設計;格式【單詞】execute ['ek-si-kyoot]['ekskjut] vt. 執行;實行;完成【單詞】computers 原型:computer [kuhm-'pyoo-ter][km'pjut(r)] n. 電腦;計算機【單詞】straight [streyt][stret] adj. 直的;坦率的;正直的;準的
This special format is called a binary.【譯】這種特殊格式稱為二進位(格式)。【單詞】binary ['bahy-nuh-ree]['banri] adj. 二進位的;二元的 n. 二進位;二元
On windows, these are .exe files or .dll files.【譯】在windows上,這些是(文件後綴為).exe文件或.dll文件。【單詞】files 原型:file [fahyl][fal] n. 檔案;卷宗;文件
The reason that these take up so much space is because they have special instructions that tell the CPU what steps to take, almost like an instruction manual.【譯】它們佔用這麼多空間的原因是因為它們有特殊的指令告訴CPU要採取什麼步驟,幾乎就像一本說明書。【單詞】instructions 原型:instruction [in-'struhk-shuhn][n'strkn] n. 指令;教學;教誨;說明【單詞】steps 原型:step [step][step] n. 步驟;步伐【單詞】instruction [in-'struhk-shuhn][n'strkn] n. 指令;說明【單詞】manual ['man-yoo-uhl]['mnjul] n. 指南;手冊【專有名詞】CPU [sipi'ju] abbr. [計算機]中央處理器(=central processing unit)
Windows also depends on a lot of other programs also for things like device drivers.【譯】Windows還依賴於很多其他程序,比如設備驅動程序。【單詞】depends 原型:depend [dih-'pend][d'pend] vi. 依賴;依靠;取決於【單詞】drivers 原型:driver ['drahy-ver]['drav] n. 驅動器,驅動程序
All of these things together, constitute a lot of space on your disk.【譯】所有這些東西加在一起,在你的磁碟上構成了很大的空間。【單詞】constitute ['kon-sti-toot, -tyoot]['knsttjut] vt. 構成;組成;任命;建立;制定【單詞】disk [disk][dsk] n. 圓盤;磁碟