明天就是除夕啦，您各位家的蒸羊羔、蒸熊掌、蒸鹿尾兒、燒花鴨、燒雛雞、燒子鵝、滷豬、滷鴨、醬雞、臘肉、松花小肚兒、晾肉、香腸兒、什錦蘇盤、燻雞白肚兒、清蒸八寶豬...拌肚絲、什錦豆腐都準備上了嗎？
沒錯，今天酒館要和大家聊的就是年夜飯。
中國過年的傳統對家庭的概念很是看重，這尤其體現在家庭團聚，吃年夜飯上。
不論是在家吃，還是下館子，都會備上齊齊滿滿一桌子菜，因為有食物剩下來，寓意著來年的豐盛和盈餘，年年有餘說的就是這個意思（represent a year of excess, savings and abundance）。
Family is the basis of the Chinese society, which is seen through the significance placed on the New Year’s Eve dinner (年夜飯) or Reunion dinner (團年飯).
神州大地豐富多樣的美食想必讓每一個中國人都感到無比自豪吧！
不論是菜系，口味，裝盤還是寓意，人們在菜品上可謂是下足了功夫。
你可能要說了，中國的傳統節日好像都離不開「吃吃吃」，甚至有人用食物來區分各個不同的節日，比如：粽子節，月餅節，湯圓節...
但是年夜飯的獨特之處還在於它的寓意，隨便給大家舉幾個例子：
福如東海(松茸煲海參)
招財進寶(蔥油鮮鮑魚)
吉星高照(白灼基尾蝦)
鴻運當頭(剁椒魚頭)
吉慶滿堂 (富臨排骨)
飛黃騰達(豉油貴妃雞)
餐中美點(兩道)
富貴盈門(富臨烤鴨)
年年有魚(清蒸多寶魚)
喜氣洋洋(沙茶羊肉)
玉龍呈祥(馬家溝芹菜拌蝦幹)
青春永駐 (時蔬沾醬)
前程似錦(素炒什錦)
闔家歡樂(巧拌扇貝)
連年有餘(五香燻魚)
吉祥富貴(蛋黃鴨卷)
大吉大利(蒜茸田七)
青春永駐(萬年青黃豆)
甜甜蜜蜜(蜜汁小棗)
八方來財(橙汁藕)
大富大貴(小蔥豆腐)
奶湯全家福水餃兩種(葷素各三兩)
禮多人不怪
我們正是通過這一道道寓意滿滿的菜名，來傳遞對彼此的祝福，追求來年的繁榮昌盛、吉祥如意。
As with Chinese New Year activities and decorations, the dishes are created to give blessings for the next year.
Both the names and looks are symbols of wishes for prosperity, happiness and auspiciousness.
雖然南方北方，各個地區，甚至每家每戶的過年習俗都不盡相同，但有些「硬菜」卻是年夜飯的「扛把子」，是每年過年都會上榜的「流量擔當」。
讓我們一起來這些年夜飯界的「當紅小花」都有哪些吧！
古巢老烏聲鴉鴉，南陂雨幹麥將秀。
人家寒食無一月，青箬蒸魚競時節。
蒸魚必當入榜！蒸魚的「蒸」寓意蒸蒸日上，「魚」寓意年年有餘。
The typical blessing is 年年有餘 (Nián nián yǒuyú), wishing you to have a surplus (or fish) of food and money every year.
年夜飯上吃魚也是有講究的哦，比如魚頭要朝著家中最年長的長輩或者貴客，由Ta先動筷子；又或者是一條魚分兩天吃，用來寓意年年有餘。
The head should be placed toward distinguished guests or elders, representing respect.
Diners can enjoy the fish only after the one who faces the fish head eats first.
The fish shouldn't be moved.
The two people who face the head and tail of fish should drink together, as this is considered to have a lucky meaning.
Lucky Sayings for Eating Fish：
年年有餘 (Niánnián yǒu yú /nyen-nyen yo yoo/): May you always have more than you need!
魚躍龍門 (Yú yuè lóngmén /yoo ywair long-mnn/): Success in your exam! ('A fish leaping over the dragon gate' implies successfully passing a competitive examination.)
貴在燒雞佐黃酒,烤由烈火就乾柴。
賜書三水紅金屋,愧少平山冷燕才。
另一道必不可少的就是四大「菜」子之首」雞鴨魚肉」中的」雞「了。
很多中國菜常將雞和鳳凰聯繫起來，取其吉祥富貴之意，比如我們常吃的「泡椒鳳爪」，「豉汁鳳爪」等。
吃雞的講究，首先要連頭帶爪，寓意「完整」、「吉祥」。
A whole chicken is another symbol of family. It represents reunion and rebirth. To express this auspicious meaning, people keep the head and claws.
有些地方的傳統會在雞煮好後，先獻給祖先享用。雖然現在看來只是一種迷信，但向祖先祈求祝福和保護仍然是中國文化的重要組成部分。
After cooking, people will first offer the chicken to the ancestors. Though only a superstition now, praying to the ancestors for blessings and protection is still a significant part of the Spring Festival and Chinese culture.
「圍爐聚炊歡呼處，百味消融小釜中」。火鍋，可是連乾隆芳心都俘獲了的硬菜！
春節期間，一家人圍坐桌邊，吃著聊著，光是想像這個畫面都覺得溫馨美好！
歷史悠久的火鍋，也是年夜飯當仁不讓的「大哥大」。相傳乾隆宴請官員，菜單上永遠有火鍋的身影。
Hot pot is another food that has a long history. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing dynasty is the most avid fan.
When he held feasts for old and retired officials, hot pot with meat were always on the menu. During his New Year’s Eve dinner, there were 120 dishes for lunch and even more for hot pot.
咕嘟咕嘟的湯底翻滾著熱鬧，熱氣騰騰的鍋物寓意著紅火，過年吃火鍋，再合適不過了。
昨朝春日偶然成，試作春盤我一嘗。
本案初開銀線亂，砂瓶煮熟藕絲長。
勻和豌豆揉蔥白，細剪蔞蒿點韭黃。
也與何曾同是飽，區區何必待膏粱。
春卷在我國也有著悠久的歷史，北方人也稱為「春餅」。據傳在東晉時代就有，那時叫「春盤」。當時人們每到立春這一天，就將麵粉製成的薄餅攤在盤中，加上精美蔬菜食用，故稱「春盤」。
During the Jin Dynasty (circa 265–420), people would arrange spring rolls and vegetables together on a plate. This was known as the Spring Platter (春盤). During the Spring Festival, emperors would award officials with Spring Platters. Each platter is said to have been worth thousands.
春卷可炸可蒸可烤，形態可方可扁，做法多樣，餡兒也可以根據各家喜好自行決定，作為點心的實力擔當，簡直是好吃又方便，在年夜飯中起到了畫龍點睛的作用。
Most are familiar with the deep fried version of spring rolls. Throughout China, they can also be steamed or baked. Size and shape vary from small rectangles to large flat circles.
素衣臺案前，巧手賽天工。
雪花紛飛舞，皎月平空現。
清水飄芙蓉，元寶落玉盤。
饕餮世間味，最是此物鮮。
餃子在中國人的心裡就代表著圓滿、團圓，一個人即將踏上旅途，遠走他鄉的時候，家裡人都會包上一頓餃子為他送行，代表著家人對他的思念與祝福。
餃子本身就寓意發財。兩年的交界點，更歲交子之際，吃餃子，代表交子。同時，餃子長得很像元寶，吃了它，寓意著來年發財。
In Chinese, dumplings 餃子 (jiǎo zi) sounds like 交子 (jiāo zi). 交 (Jiāo) means 「exchange」 and 子 (zi) is the midnight hour. Put together, jiāo zi is the exchange between the old and new year. All dumplings should be wrapped at this time. By eating dumplings, you are sending away the old and welcoming the new.
很多地方的習俗會在餃子裡放一枚洗淨的硬幣，下鍋後，誰吃到了，誰來年就能發財，有福氣。
Some people will also put a coin in a random dumpling. Whoever eats it will have great luck that year.
而且包餃子的過程也是一個集全家之力的「team building」，一家人分工合作，擀麵的、和餡兒的、負責包的，一邊忙活一邊嘮嗑，和樂融融。
In addition to the joy of eating delicious food, the making process is a family bonding activity too.
During New Year preparations, every member of the family participates and wraps dumplings. In certain regions, the daughter-in-law must make a dumpling to be considered part of the family.
餃子絕對是充滿歡樂和驚喜的年夜飯擔當。
鮮鮮鯽魚骨肉連，熱熱一碗長壽麵。
長長面裡藏春情，慢慢傾述舊時戀。
年夜飯的另一道主食扛把子長壽麵。
有的地方甚至會將餃子和面煮在一起，這道菜有個金光閃閃的名字叫做「gold silk and gold ingots」，光是聽名字就覺得寓意很好，招財進寶啊。
In some places, it’s custom to cook dumplings and noodles together. This is called gold silk and gold ingots. It’s yet another dish to express people’s wishes for prosperity.
長面也叫長壽麵，所以吃長面要注意了，要儘量呲溜一口吸進來，不要夾斷哦，麵條越長，壽命越長哦。
For Chinese New Year, people like to eat long noodles.
They are also called 長壽麵 (cháng shòu miàn), which means 「longevity noodles.」 You aren’t allowed to cut them and should try not to chew either. The longer the noodle, the longer your life will be.
荷盡已無擎雨蓋，菊殘猶有傲霜枝。
一年好景君須記，正是橙黃橘綠時。
除了有豐富的飯菜外，自然也少不了餐後水果。
大魚大肉過後，吃水果能起到清爽解膩的作用。新春佳節待客時，用新鮮水果待客也是中國人的傳統。
中國人吃啥都最講究好兆頭，橙子寓意稱心如意，橘子寓意寓意牛年大吉。
Eating and displaying tangerines and oranges is believed to bring good luck and fortune due to their pronunciation, and even writing.
The Chinese for orange (and tangerine) is 橙 (chéng /chnng/), which sounds the same as the Chinese for 'success' (成). One of the ways of writing tangerine (桔 jú /jyoo/) contains the Chinese character for luck (吉 jí /jee/).
爆竹聲中一歲除，春風送暖入屠蘇。
千門萬戶曈曈日，總把新桃換舊符
年夜飯上，自然少不了推杯換盞，把酒言歡。屠蘇酒，又名歲酒，最是適合過年期間喝了。
Alcoholic drinks are a staple in the Spring Festival. One of the most famous drinks consumed during the occasion is Tusu wine.
屠蘇是古代的一種房屋，因為是在這種房子裡釀的酒，所以稱為屠蘇酒。
It is also the subject of one of the more popular Chinese New Year myths. The ancient story of the Tusu wine is about a man who saved an entire village from a plague.
據說古時一個名醫，每到大年夜便分送給附近的每家一包草藥，囑咐他們放在布袋裡縫好，投在井裡，到除夕那天汲取井水，和著酒杯裡的酒，每人各飲一杯，這樣一年中就不會得瘟疫。人們得了這個藥方，卻不知道這位神醫的姓名，就只好用屠蘇這個草庵的名稱來命名這種藥酒。
The man is said to have created a mixture of herbs, leaves, and grains and placed them in individual bags. He gave one to each of his neighbors and instructed them to soak the mixture in water and drink it on New Year’s Day.
年糕(Rice Cake) 諧音「年高」, 過年吃年糕就預示著年年高, 表達了在新春之際大家對於新一年的期待以及一份美好的祝願,幾乎成了家家必備的應景食品.
肉丸（Meatballs），又稱圓子，寓意著團團圓圓，和和美美，喜慶之意。
湯圓（Sweet rice ball）元宵節的美食，但是在南方的一些地區，過年期間也是會拿出來作為一道菜品，因為湯圓音同團圓，吃湯圓象徵全家人團圓，和睦幸福。人們會通過吃湯圓來表達對遠方親人的思念，寄託對生活的美好願望。」
以上就是寓意滿滿的年夜飯啦，趕快動手準備起來吧~
酒館的特別板塊
China Story
用英語 說中國
在每期的結尾，我們都會留給大家一個小小的問題，供大家討論或分享。
本期的問題是：大家的年夜飯裡，年年必有的一道菜是什麼？
New Year’s Eve dinner
年夜飯
Reunion dinner
團年飯
Crucian carp
鯽魚
Chinese mud carp
鯉魚
Catfish
鯰魚
long noodles
長壽麵
Spring Platter
春盤
Rice cake/New Year cake
年糕
Sweet rice ball
湯圓
Hotpot
火鍋
Tusu wine
屠蘇酒
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酒館不打烊，陪你過新年。
鋪子有各種好吃好喝好玩好看的年貨正在熱銷中，從下方菜單進入酒館鋪子，挑選你中意的好物吧！