最近，不知道怎麼的「打工人」這個詞突然火了起來。
據說是這樣的：
「社畜」顯得慘無人道
「打工仔」顯得低聲下氣
而「打工人」這個稱呼
在平凡中透露著追求
在屈辱裡努力表現出倔強
雖然沒錢、仍然有著不卑不亢的禮節
因此，「打工人」這個詞
迅速得到了各行各業的年輕人的認可
於是乎，各種「打工人」段子出現了。
只要我夠努力，老闆很快就能過上他想要的生活！該起床奮鬥了！早安，打工人。
過安檢的時候檢測儀一直響，安檢員讓我把所有的東西都掏出來檢查過了還是一直響，然後他問我幹什麼的，我說我打工的，他說好傢夥，難怪檢測出了鋼鐵般的意志！早安，打工人！
……
借（cèng）此（gè）機（rè）會（diǎn），我們來看看《福布斯》（Forbes）商業雜誌這篇講述疫情後「打工人」的工作環境變化的文章：The Further Away Your Workers, The Closer You Have To Be To Them。
無注釋原文：
The Further Away Your Workers, The Closer You Have To Be To Them
Forbes
Distributed work, largely a result of the pandemic lockdown, is forcing many companies to rethink their relationship with their workforce. Currently, about 33% of US employees work entirely remotely, 25% through so-called hybrid arrangements, while about two-thirds of those currently working remotely want to continue to do so in the future.
The first companies to react to the pandemic with distributed work policies were technology-based, not only because of the greater suitability of their activities, but also because they generally have more sophisticated people management policies. These are often known for a wide range of perks that are an important part of the culture of these companies and, in many cases, fundamental to worker satisfaction and loyalty. However, many of these perks, such as canteens, snacks, social events or services of various types during working hours are linked to the physical location, which makes it difficult to maintain them when work is relocated.
When your employees are used to certain conditions, monitoring and maintaining their satisfaction levels can be difficult, and requires creativity. Some companies are now offering employees working remotely a range of benefits, from home-delivery meals, summer camps for children, laundry services, etc. that can make those employees continue to feel connected to a company with which they now lack daily physical contact.
The idea largely connects with the modern vision of worker relations, which tends to avoid the term 「human resources」: the term, which originated at the beginning of the last century as a way of referring to what used to be 「personnel departments」, has an undoubted materialist connotation that makes the worker 「a resource」, and as such, is increasingly distant from the modern ideal of what a relationship between people should be, in the same way that terms such as 「employee」 carry utilitarian connotations that many companies try to avoid.
With the recent trend toward distributed work, the task for these departments is to become managers of individuals: fewer standard policies and more sensitivity, more information (without becoming 「spies」 or 「snoops」), and more understanding of each employee’s personal circumstances. Understanding, as far as possible and from a position of absolute respect, how a person lives, the conditions under which they work remotely, whether they need a new computer or office equipment, whether they have children or dependents, special needs of some kind, etc. is becoming increasingly important, and above all, a contradiction: how is it possible that companies increasingly interested in knowing their potential customers and accumulating data on them, have no interest in their workers?
Companies must understand that distributed work, far from generating disassociation and undermining the corporate culture, can instead make workers feel that the company cares about them and their well-being by protecting them from potential infection, and that it is there to help with whatever they need, offering them a level of welfare in their new circumstances that is part of the contract. Beyond 「virtual cafes」 in an environment where there are too many meetings, we must think about how to recover those casual conversations that give managers some insight into their teams』 realities, and in some way, be sensitive to the fact that those realities, during difficult times, may require exceptional measures, but that must be considered normal.
Special circumstances can come in all shapes and sizes: from illness in the family, to dealing with children at home longer than usual, and the company must not only understand them, but try to provide solutions, especially in the context of a culture in which perks were perceived as an important part of the value proposition. Reinventing ourselves in the era of distributed work, ceasing to treat workers as mere 「resources」, and approaching the relationship from the right leadership perspective will undoubtedly be one of the major challenges many companies will face in the future.
- ◆ -
註：中文文本為機器翻譯僅供參考，並非一一對應
含注釋全文：
The Further Away Your Workers, The Closer You Have To Be To Them
Forbes
Distributed work, largely a result of the pandemic lockdown, is forcing many companies to rethink their relationship with their workforce. Currently, about 33% of US employees work entirely remotely, 25% through so-called hybrid arrangements, while about two-thirds of those currently working remotely want to continue to do so in the future.
分散式工作，主要是疫情封鎖的結果，正迫使許多公司重新思考他們與員工的關係。目前，約有33%的美國員工完全遠程工作，25%的員工通過所謂的混合安排工作，而目前遠程工作的員工中約有三分之二的人希望今後繼續這樣做。
表示「分布式的，分散式的」，英文解釋為「If things are distributed throughout an area, object, or group, they exist throughout it.」舉個🌰：
These cells are widely distributed throughout the body.
這些細胞遍布身體各處。
疫情期間的文章中，超級高頻的一個詞，表示「（建築或地區）因緊急情況而被封鎖了；防範禁閉（期）；活動（或行動）限制」，英文解釋為「a situation in which people are not allowed to enter or leave a building or area freely because of an emergency」舉個🌰：
The Secret Service is imposing a virtual lockdown on the city.
特勤局實質上把整個城市都封鎖了。
表示「（兩種完全不同的東西的）混合」，英文解釋為「something that is a mixture of two very different things」舉個🌰：
His work is an interesting hybrid of popular and classical music.
他的作品是經典與流行音樂有趣的混合。
The first companies to react to the pandemic with distributed work policies were technology-based, not only because of the greater suitability of their activities, but also because they generally have more sophisticated people management policies. These are often known for a wide range of perks that are an important part of the culture of these companies and, in many cases, fundamental to worker satisfaction and loyalty. However, many of these perks, such as canteens, snacks, social events or services of various types during working hours are linked to the physical location, which makes it difficult to maintain them when work is relocated.
最早以分散式工作政策應對疫情的公司是以技術為基礎的公司，這不僅是因為其活動的適用性較強，而且還因為它們一般都有較為完善的人員管理政策。這些公司往往以各種福利著稱，這些福利是這些公司文化的重要組成部分，在很多情況下，是工人滿意度和忠誠度的根本。然而，這些福利，如食堂、零食、社交活動或工作時間內的各類服務等，很多都是與實際工作地點掛鈎的，因此當工作地點搬遷時，很難維持這些福利。
sophisticated /səˈfɪstɪˌkeɪtɪd/ 1）表示「老練的；久經世故的」，英文解釋為「Someone who is sophisticated is comfortable in social situations and knows about culture, fashion, and other matters that are considered socially important.」舉個🌰：
He was a charming, sophisticated companion.
他是個有魅力、見多識廣的夥伴。
2）表示「幹練的」，英文解釋為「A sophisticated person is intelligent and knows a lot, so that they are able to understand complicated situations.」舉個🌰：
These people are very sophisticated observers of the foreign policy scene.
這些人是外交政策領域幹練的觀察家。
3）表示「高級的；複雜的」，英文解釋為「A sophisticated machine, device, or method is more advanced or complex than others.」舉個🌰：
Honeybees use one of the most sophisticated communication systems of any insect.
蜜蜂所使用的交流系統是昆蟲中最複雜的之一。
表示「（工資之外的）補貼，津貼，額外待遇」，英文解釋為「something you receive as well as your wages for doing a particular job」舉個🌰：
Perks offered by the firm include a car and free health insurance.
公司給予的額外待遇包括一輛汽車和免費健康保險。
表示「（使）搬遷，遷移；重新安置」，英文解釋為「to move or to move sb/sth to a new place to work or operate」舉個🌰：
The firm may be forced to relocate from Hangzhou to Shanghai.
公司也許會被迫從杭州遷移到上海。
When your employees are used to certain conditions, monitoring and maintaining their satisfaction levels can be difficult, and requires creativity. Some companies are now offering employees working remotely a range of benefits, from home-delivery meals, summer camps for children, laundry services, etc. that can make those employees continue to feel connected to a company with which they now lack daily physical contact.
當你的員工已經習慣了某些條件時，監督和維持他們的滿意程度是很困難的，需要創造性的工作。現在一些公司為遠程工作的員工提供了一系列的福利，從送餐上門、兒童夏令營、洗衣服務等，可以使這些員工繼續感受到與如今日常缺乏實際接觸的公司的聯繫。
The idea largely connects with the modern vision of worker relations, which tends to avoid the term 「human resources」: the term, which originated at the beginning of the last century as a way of referring to what used to be 「personnel departments」, has an undoubted materialist connotation that makes the worker 「a resource」, and as such, is increasingly distant from the modern ideal of what a relationship between people should be, in the same way that terms such as 「employee」 carry utilitarian connotations that many companies try to avoid.
這種觀念在很大程度上與現代員工關係觀相聯繫，現代員工關係觀傾向於迴避「人力資源」（human resources）一詞。「人力資源」一詞起源於上世紀初，是指過去的「人事部門」，它無疑具有唯物主義的內涵，使員工成為「一種資源」，因此，它與現代人與人之間的關係應該是什麼的理想越來越遠，就像「僱員」等術語帶有功利主義的內涵一樣，許多公司都在努力避免。
表示「始創；起源」，英文解釋為「When something originates or when someone originates it, it begins to happen or exist.」舉個🌰：
The disease originated in Africa.
這種疾病起源於非洲。
materialist /məˈtɪərɪəˌlɪst/ 表示「唯物主義者」，英文解釋為「Materialist is used to describe things relating to the philosophy of materialism.」如：the materialist view of nature and society 唯物主義的自然觀和社會觀。
表示「內涵意義；含義；隱含意義」，英文解釋為「The connotations of a particular word or name are the ideas or qualities which it makes you think of.」舉個🌰：
It's just one of those words that's got so many negative connotations.
它只是那些有很多負面內涵意義的詞之一。
utilitarian /juːˌtɪlɪˈtɛərɪən/
1）表示「功利主義者」，英文解釋為「A utilitarian is someone with utilitarian views.」舉個🌰：
One of the greatest utilitarians was Claude Helvetius.
最偉大的功利主義者之一是克勞德·愛爾維修。
2）表示「（物體、建築等）實用的」，英文解釋為「Utilitarian objects and buildings are designed to be useful rather than attractive.」舉個🌰：
His office is utilitarian and unglamorous.
他的辦公室實用而素淡。
3）表示「功利主義的」，英文解釋為「Utilitarian means based on the idea that the morally correct course of action is the one that produces benefit for the greatest number of people.」舉個🌰：
It was Tom who was the best publicist for utilitarian ideas.
湯姆才是功利主義思想的最佳宣傳家。
With the recent trend toward distributed work, the task for these departments is to become managers of individuals: fewer standard policies and more sensitivity, more information (without becoming 「spies」 or 「snoops」), and more understanding of each employee’s personal circumstances. Understanding, as far as possible and from a position of absolute respect, how a person lives, the conditions under which they work remotely, whether they need a new computer or office equipment, whether they have children or dependents, special needs of some kind, etc. is becoming increasingly important, and above all, a contradiction: how is it possible that companies increasingly interested in knowing their potential customers and accumulating data on them, have no interest in their workers?
在最近分散式工作的趨勢下，這些部門的任務就是成為每個人的管理者：少一些標準政策，多一些體諒，多一些資訊（不成為「間諜」或「窺探者」的前提下），多一些對每個員工個人情況的理解。從絕對尊重的立場出發，儘可能地了解一個人的生活方式、遠程工作的條件、是否需要一臺新的電腦或辦公設備、是否有子女或家屬、某種特殊需求等等，這一點越來越重要，最重要的是，這是一個矛盾點：企業越來越想了解自己的潛在客戶，積累他們的數據，怎麼可能對自己的員工沒有興趣？
除了解釋為「敏感」，表示「善解人意；體貼；體諒」，英文解釋為「an ability to understand what other people need, and be helpful and kind to them」。
表示「間諜」，英文解釋為「A spy is a person whose job is to find out secret information about another country or organization.」舉個🌰：
He was jailed for five years as an alleged spy.
他被指控為間諜而被監禁了5年。
1）作動詞，表示「窺探」，英文解釋為「If someone snoops around a place, they secretly look around it in order to find out things.」舉個🌰：
He was the one she'd seen snooping around Kim's hotel room.
他就是她曾見過的在金的旅館房間裡到處窺探的那個人。
2）snooper 作名詞，表示人，「窺探者」，舉個🌰：
Even if the information is intercepted by a snooper, it is impossible for them to decipher it.
即使信息被窺探者截獲，他們也不可能將其破譯。
contradiction /ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃən/表示「（事實、看法、行動等的）不一致，矛盾，對立」，英文解釋為「If you describe an aspect of a situation as a contradiction, you mean that it is completely different from other aspects, and so makes the situation confused or difficult to understand.」舉個🌰：
There is a contradiction between the two sets of figures.
這兩組數據相互矛盾。
Companies must understand that distributed work, far from generating disassociation and undermining the corporate culture, can instead make workers feel that the company cares about them and their well-being by protecting them from potential infection, and that it is there to help with whatever they need, offering them a level of welfare in their new circumstances that is part of the contract. Beyond 「virtual cafes」 in an environment where there are too many meetings, we must think about how to recover those casual conversations that give managers some insight into their teams』 realities, and in some way, be sensitive to the fact that those realities, during difficult times, may require exceptional measures, but that must be considered normal.
公司必須明白，分散式工作遠不會產生隔閡，也不會破壞企業文化，反而可以讓員工感到公司關心他們，關心他們的福祉，保護他們免受潛在的感染，公司會幫助解決他們的任何需求，在新的環境中為他們提供一定程度的福利，這是合同中的一部分。除了在會議過多的「虛擬咖啡館」之外，我們必須思考如何恢復那些輕鬆的對話，讓管理者對團隊的實際情況有一定的了解，並在某種程度上，敏感地意識到，在困難時期，這些實際情況可能需要採取特殊措施，但必須被視為正常的。
disassociation等於dissociation，表示「分離，分裂」，英文解釋為「the act of dissociating or the state of being dissociated」。
1）表示「逐漸削弱；逐漸動搖」，英文解釋為「If you undermine something such as a feeling or a system, you make it less strong or less secure than it was before, often by a gradual process or by repeated efforts.」舉個🌰：
Offering advice on each and every problem will undermine her feeling of being adult.
每個問題都為她提出忠告會逐漸削弱她的成年意識。
2）表示「（通常以間接方式）動搖（某人的地位或權威）」，英文解釋為「If you undermine someone or undermine their position or authority, you make their authority or position less secure, often by indirect methods.」舉個🌰：
She undermined him and destroyed his confidence in his own talent.
她動搖了他的地位，摧毀了他對自己才能的信心。
Special circumstances can come in all shapes and sizes: from illness in the family, to dealing with children at home longer than usual, and the company must not only understand them, but try to provide solutions, especially in the context of a culture in which perks were perceived as an important part of the value proposition. Reinventing ourselves in the era of distributed work, ceasing to treat workers as mere 「resources」, and approaching the relationship from the right leadership perspective will undoubtedly be one of the major challenges many companies will face in the future.
特殊情況可能會以各種形式出現：從家中生病，到比平時更長的時間在家處理孩子的問題，公司不僅要理解這些情況，還要努力提供解決辦法，尤其是在福利被視為價值主張重要組成部分的文化背景下。在分散式工作時代重塑自己，不再把員工僅僅當作「資源」，從正確的領導力角度來處理這種關係，無疑將是許多公司未來面臨的重大挑戰之一。
表示「各種各樣」，英文解釋為「many different types」舉個🌰：
We sell all shapes and sizes of cars.
我們出售各種不同的型號的汽車。
謝謝你看到這裡呀
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過安檢的時候檢測儀一直響，安檢員讓我把所有的東西都掏出來檢查過了還是一直響，然後他問我幹什麼的，我說，我學英語的，他說好傢夥，難怪檢測出了鋼鐵般的意志！周末愉快，學英語的你。
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2020年10月23日
第2085天
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