吾愛吾師，吾尤愛真理
中國傳統節日及習俗的英語表達
English expressions of Chinese traditional festivals and customs
春節
Chinese New Year Spring Festival
春聯：Spring Festival couplets
年畫：New Year pictures
剪紙：paper-cuts
團圓飯：family reunion dinner
餃子：dumplings
春晚：Spring Festival Gala
守歲：stay up late on the New Year’s EVE
除夕：Eve of Chinese New Year
辭舊迎新：ring out the old year and ring in the new
拜年：Pay a New Year visit
紅包：red packets
壓歲錢：Lucky money
放爆竹：Let off firecrackers
廟會：temple fair
禁忌：taboo
十二生肖：Chinese zodiac
二十四節氣：24 solar terms
閏年：leap year
元宵節
Lantern Festival
農曆正月十五：15th day of the first lunar month
元宵：rice dumplings
花燈：festival lantern
燈謎：lantern riddle
燈會：exhibit of Lanterns
煙花：firework
端午節
Dragon Boat Festival
農曆五月初五：5th of the fifth Lunar month
粽子：zongzi
糯米：sticky rice
粽葉：bamboo leaves
舞龍：Dragon dance
清明節
QingMing Festival
寒食節：Cold Food Festival
祭拜祖先:offer sacrifices to one’s ancestors
掃墓：sweep graves of one’s ancestors or loved ones
踏青：go for a spring outing
中秋節
Mid-autumn Day/moon Festival
農曆八月十五：15th of the eighth lunar month
月餅：moon cake
賞月：appreciate the glorious full moon
中國神話故事:Chinese mythology
嫦娥：Chang』e
后羿：Hou yi
長生不老：be immortal
重陽節
Double ninth Day
賞菊：admire the beauty of chrysanthemum
登高：climb a height
七夕節
Double Seventh Day/Chinese Valentine’s Day
銀河：the milky way
鵲橋：the bridge of magpies
牛郎：Cowherd
織女：the Weaving Maid
王母娘娘：the Queen of Heaven/the Queen mother of the West(西王母）/Heavenly queen
乞巧：praying-for-cleverness
女紅：needlework
中國文化篇
Chinese culture
Part1 中國藝術
Chinese art
1.四大發明：the four great inventions of ancient China
造紙術：Paper making
活字印刷術：movable type printing press
指南針the compass
火藥gunpowder
2.文房四寶：Four Treasures of the Study
紙（宣紙）：paper 硯：ink slab
書法：calligraphy
中國畫：traditional Chinese painting
水墨畫:Chinese brush painting/Chinese ink painting/Chinese brush drawing
雕刻：sculpture
泥人：clay figure
武術：martial arts
京劇：Peking opera
崑曲：Kunqu opera
相聲：cross talk
中藥：traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)
中國結：Chinese Knot
唐裝：Tang suit
中山裝：Chinese tunic suit
旗袍：cheongsam
四合院：courtyard house
紅茶：black tea
綠茶：green tea
功夫茶：Gongfu tea
火鍋：hot pot
瓷器：china/porcelain
刺繡：embroidery
唐三彩：tri-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty
陶器：pottery
象牙雕刻：ivory carving
京劇臉譜：facial make-up in Peking Opera
剪紙：paper cuttings
木偶戲：puppet show
獨角戲：monodrama/one-man show
皮影戲：Shadow play/Leather-silhouette show
秦腔：Shanxi opera
折子戲：highlights from operas
單口相聲：monologue comic talk
雙口相聲：witty dialogue
口技：vocal imitation
說書：monologue story-telling
雜技表演：acrobatics performance
疊羅漢：pyramid
Part2 中國文學
Chinese Literature
1.四大名著：Four Great Classical Novels/Four major Classical Novels
【紅樓夢】：A dream of red mansions/The story of the stone
【三國演義】：The Romance of The Three Kingdoms
【西遊記】：Journey to the west
【水滸傳】：Outlaws of the Marsh
2.四書：The four books
【大學】The Great Learning 【論語】The Analects of Confucius
【中庸】The Doctrine of the Mean 【孟子】The Book of Mencius
3.五經：the Five Classics
【禮記】 The Book of Rites 【易經】The Book of Changes
【春秋】 The Spring and Autumn Annals
4.其他文學
【山海經】The Classic of Mountains and Rivers
【本草綱目】Compendium of Materia Medica
【聊齋志異】Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio
【西廂記】Romance of the Western Chamber
【孫子兵法】The art of war
【三字經】 Three-Character Scripture
【史記】Historical records
5.中國古代哲學家及相關表達
哲學家：philosopher
孔子：Confucius
孟子：Mencius
老子：Lao Tzu
孫子：Sun Tzu
莊子：Chuang Tzu
儒學：Confucius school
佛教：Buddhism
道教：Taoism
道士：Taoist priest
孔廟：Temple of Confucius
6.中國古典文學體裁
武俠小說：Martial arts novels
言情小說：Romance novels
八股文：Eight-part essay writing/stereotyped writing
五言絕句：five-character quatrain
七言律詩：seven-character octave
寓言：fable
神話：mythology
傳說：legend
漢語四聲調：Four tones in Chinese
Part3:中國歷史
Chinese history
封建的：feudal
朝代：dynasty
春秋時期：(during)the Spring and Autumn Period
戰國時期：(During)the warring states period
隋唐時期：The Sui and Tang dynasties
明清時期：(During) the Ming and Qing dynasties
秦始皇：the First Emperor of Qin
君主：monarch
皇太后：empress Dowager
皇帝：emperor
皇后：empress
貴妃：imperial noble consort/highest-ranking imperial concubine（noble-高貴的）（楊貴妃Noble Consort Yang）
嬪妃：imperial consort
御前侍衛：imperial bodyguard
太監：eunuch
宮女：A maid in an imperial palace
丞相：prime minister
大臣：minister
忠臣：Loyal minister
中華文明：Chinese civilization
絲綢之路：The silk road
京杭大運河：The Grand Canal from Beijing to Hangzhou
西域：western countries
歷史遺蹟：Historical sites
文物：cultural relics
文明搖籃：cradle of civilization
桂花：sweet osmanthus