「就遠原則」和「就近原則」一樣,也是主謂一致問題的一個重要原則,是常出現的考點。
如果一個句子的主語後面跟了如下詞語時,句子的謂語動詞用單數還是用複數,一定要與這些詞語前面的主語保持一致。這就是所謂的「就遠原則」。這些詞語有:
(1)3個「和...一起」:with,along with,together with;
(2)4個「除了...」:but,besides, except,in addition to(除了、還有);
(3)還有like(像...,例如);,as well as…(和,也); including(包括), rather than (而不是)等詞。
看幾個例句就明白了:
(1)A policeman with two thieves is in the room.一個警察和兩個小偷在房間裡呢。
(2)You,rather than I, are going to the cinema.是你而不是我要去看電影。
(3)John,as well as his classmates, comes to the party. 約翰,連同他的同學們,都來參加舞會了。
(4)Nobody but two students is studying.除了這兩個學生,沒有人在學習。
「就遠原則」,從根本上說,是因為上述這些詞語雖然緊跟著主語後面,翻譯成漢語很像並列主語,但是,它們不是主語!!!它們是插入語!!!很多情況下,把它們從主語後面拿走放在句子的後面也是可以的,而且這時候,主謂一致就很清晰了。
例如:
Tom together with his parents has been to Beijing. 湯姆和他的父母親都去北京了。
可以改寫成:Tom has been to Beijing together with his parents.