名詞性從句
一、主語從句
(一)以what, whatever, whoever, whether, when, where, how, why等詞引導的主語從句,在翻譯的時候,一般可以按照英語原文順序來翻譯。
What he told me was only half-truth. 他告訴我的只是些半真半假的東西而已。
Whatever is worth doing should be done well. 任何值得做的事情都應該做好。
Whether he comes or not makes no difference. 他來不來都沒有關係。
When we can begin the expedition is still a question. 我們何時才能開始這次考察仍然是懸而未決。
How he is going to do it is a mystery. 他準備怎麼做這個事情是個迷。
(二)用it作形式主語的主語從句,可以把主語從句放到漢語句子最前面去翻譯。為了強調起見,it一般可以譯出來;如果不需要強調,it也可以不譯出來。
It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not. 他參加不參加會議沒有多大關係。(It沒有翻譯)
It seemed inconceivable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 駕駛員在飛機墜毀之後,竟然還能活著,這看來是不可想像的。(It翻譯為「這」)
有時候,如果主語從句仍然按照英語原來的順序翻譯的話,it一般不需要譯出來。在漢語譯文的開始,一般可以用「...的是,...」這樣的結構來翻譯。
It is strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings.真奇怪,她竟然沒有看出自己的缺點。(It不用翻譯,還可以用「奇怪的是...」這樣的結構來翻譯)
二、賓語從句
(一)用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if 等引起的賓語從句,翻譯成漢語的時候,一般不需要改變它在原句中的順序。
I told him that because of the last condition, I』d have to turn it down. 我告訴他,由於那最後一個條件,我只得謝絕。
Can you hear what I say? 你聽得到我所講的嗎?
I don’t know that he swam across the river. 我不知道他遊過了那條河。
I don’t know how he swam across the river. 我不知道他是怎麼遊過那條河的。
He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal. 他已經通知我他們將在什麼時候談論我的建議。
有時可加「說」字,再接下去翻譯譯英語原文賓語從句的內容。
Smith replied that he was sorry. 斯密斯回答說,他感到遺憾。
He would remind people again that it was decided not only by himself but by lots of others. 他再三提醒大家說,決定這件事的不只是他一個人,還有其他許多人。
(二)用it 作形式賓語的句子,在翻譯的時候,that所引導的賓語從句一般可按英語原文順序翻譯;it有時候可以不用翻譯。
I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o』clock in the morning. 我向他們講清楚了的,他們必須在上午十時前交卷。(it沒有翻譯)
I heard it said that he had gone abroad. 聽說他已經出國了。(it沒有翻譯)
但有時候,也可以在譯文中將that引導的賓語從句提前到句子最前面翻譯。
I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting. 我被選參加會議,感到光榮。(it沒有翻譯)
We consider it absolutely necessary that we should open our door to the outside world. 打開國門,實行開放,我們認為這是絕對必要的。(it翻譯為「這」)
英語翻譯考研複習名詞性從句
三、表語從句
It seems that it is going to snow. 看起來要下雪了。
That is why Jack got scolded. 這就是傑克受到訓斥的原因。
The question remains whether we can win the majority of the people. 問題是我們能否贏得大多數人民群眾的支持。
His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him. 他對新聞界的看法是,記者們不是支持他,就是反對他。
考生在進行英語翻譯考研複習的時候要注意將各個知識點進行匯總整理,這樣在最後的強化複習階段能更加方便的找出自己複習遺漏點。上面總結的這些英語翻譯考研複習資料就是為考生節省更多時間。
(責任編輯 陳奕璇)