基底膜重塑調節小鼠胚胎發生
作者：
小柯機器人發布時間：2020/5/8 13:04:54
英國劍橋大學Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz團隊的一項最新研究表明，基底膜重塑調節小鼠胚胎發生。相關論文於2020年5月6日在線發表於《自然》。
研究人員證明了早期胚胎發育過程中時空調節基膜重塑的重要性。具體而言，研究人員表明Nodal信號通過調節基質金屬蛋白酶的表達來指導基底膜穿孔的產生和動態分布。這種基底膜的重塑促進了原腸胚之前胚胎的生長。前後軸的建立通過將Nodal信號定位在胚胎的後側，進一步調節了基底膜的重塑。
通過使前原條的基底膜更易於破裂，在原腸胚形成期間，後側的穿孔對於原條的延伸至關重要。因此，時空調節的基膜重塑有助於胚胎生長、形態發生和原腸胚形成的協調。
據了解，發育過程中的組織成型主要歸因於通過收斂性擴張或根尖收縮等過程引起的細胞事件。然而，最近的工作揭示了基底膜重塑在全局組織形態發生中的作用。著床後，小鼠胚胎的上皮細胞和胚外胚層被基底膜包裹。基底膜和這些組織之間的信號傳導對於細胞極化和隨後的形態發生至關重要。然而，基底膜在著床後胚胎發生中的機械作用仍然未知。
附：英文原文
Title: Basement membrane remodelling regulates mouse embryogenesis
Author: Christos Kyprianou, Neophytos Christodoulou, Russell S. Hamilton, Wallis Nahaboo, Diana Suarez Boomgaard, Gianluca Amadei, Isabelle Migeotte, Magdalena Zernicka-Goetz
Issue&Volume: 2020-05-06
Abstract: Tissue sculpting during development has been attributed mainly to cellular events through processes such as convergent extension or apical constriction1,2. However, recent work has revealed roles for basement membrane remodelling in global tissue morphogenesis3,4,5. Upon implantation, the epiblast and extraembryonic ectoderm of the mouse embryo become enveloped by a basement membrane. Signalling between the basement membrane and these tissues is critical for cell polarization and the ensuing morphogenesis6,7. However, the mechanical role of the basement membrane in post-implantation embryogenesis remains unknown. Here we demonstrate the importance of spatiotemporally regulated basement membrane remodelling during early embryonic development. Specifically, we show that Nodal signalling directs the generation and dynamic distribution of perforations in the basement membrane by regulating the expression of matrix metalloproteinases. This basement membrane remodelling facilitates embryo growth before gastrulation. The establishment of the anterior–posterior axis8,9 further regulates basement membrane remodelling by localizing Nodal signalling—and therefore the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and basement membrane perforations—to the posterior side of the embryo. Perforations on the posterior side are essential for primitive-streak extension during gastrulation by rendering the basement membrane of the prospective primitive streak more prone to breaching. Thus spatiotemporally regulated basement membrane remodelling contributes to the coordination of embryo growth, morphogenesis and gastrulation.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2264-2
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2264-2