研究揭示人、牛和小鼠胚胎中保守的滋養外胚層基序
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/9/24 14:16:14
英國劍橋大學Kathy K. Niakan小組的一項最新研究揭示了人、牛和小鼠胚胎中保守的滋養外胚層(TE)基序。該研究於2020年9月23日在線發表於國際學術期刊《自然》。
在本研究中,研究人員揭示了人、牛和小鼠胚胎中TE分離分子級聯開啟的進化保守性。在桑葚胚期,外層細胞獲得頂基細胞極性,在非接觸域表達非典型蛋白激酶C(aPKC)、細胞核表達Hippo信號通路效應因子並限制TE相關因子(如GATA3)的表達,這表明TE發育的起始。
此外,研究人員發現通過小分子藥物或Trim-Away蛋白耗竭抑制aPKC會損害桑葚胚TE的起始。該比較胚胎學分析提供了對早期譜系分化基序的見解,並暗示了類似的機制可以開啟動人、牛和小鼠胚胎的TE基序。
據了解,當前對哺乳動物早期著床前發育過程中細胞類型的認知主要基於在小鼠中的研究。譜系分化首先發生在桑葚胚時期,外部細胞開啟TE胎盤祖細胞基序。在隨後的發育階段內部細胞產生內部細胞團、胚胎固有前體細胞和卵黃囊。最近研究揭示的基因表達分析表明,調節小鼠早期譜系發育的機制可能在其他哺乳動物中有所不同,例如人和牛。
附:英文原文
Title: Initiation of a conserved trophectoderm program in human, cow and mouse embryos
Author: Claudia Gerri, Afshan McCarthy, Gregorio Alanis-Lobato, Andrej Demtschenko, Alexandre Bruneau, Sophie Loubersac, Norah M. E. Fogarty, Daniel Hampshire, Kay Elder, Phil Snell, Leila Christie, Laurent David, Hilde Van de Velde, Ali A. Fouladi-Nashta, Kathy K. Niakan
Issue&Volume: 2020-09-23
Abstract: Current understandings of cell specification in early mammalian pre-implantation development are based mainly on mouse studies. The first lineage differentiation event occurs at the morula stage, with outer cells initiating a trophectoderm (TE) placental progenitor program. The inner cell mass arises from inner cells during subsequent developmental stages and comprises precursor cells of the embryo proper and yolk sac1. Recent gene-expression analyses suggest that the mechanisms that regulate early lineage specification in the mouse may differ in other mammals, including human2,3,4,5 and cow6. Here we show the evolutionary conservation of a molecular cascade that initiates TE segregation in human, cow and mouse embryos. At the morula stage, outer cells acquire an apical–basal cell polarity, with expression of atypical protein kinase C (aPKC) at the contact-free domain, nuclear expression of Hippo signalling pathway effectors and restricted expression of TE-associated factors such as GATA3, which suggests initiation of a TE program. Furthermore, we demonstrate that inhibition of aPKC by small-molecule pharmacological modulation or Trim-Away protein depletion impairs TE initiation at the morula stage. Our comparative embryology analysis provides insights into early lineage specification and suggests that a similar mechanism initiates a TE program in human, cow and mouse embryos.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2759-x
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-2759-x