科學家揭示長非編碼RNA Paupar的新功能
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2019/10/11 13:48:51
美國哥倫比亞大學Lori Sussel研究組的研究顯示,長非編碼RNA Paupar通過調節PAX6的調節活性來促進α細胞的發育和功能。 2019年10月10日,國際學術期刊《細胞—代謝》在線發表了這一成果。
研究人員通過對小鼠胚胎胰腺和成年小鼠胰島之間的比較轉錄組分析確定了幾種胰腺lncRNA,這些胰腺lncRNA與必需的胰腺轉錄因子(包括Pax6相關的lncRNA Paupar)非常相似。研究證明了產升胰高血糖素的α細胞富含Paupar,並且促進Pax6的選擇性剪切,Pax6的選擇性剪切是激活必需α細胞基因所需的。與此同時,小鼠中Paupar的缺失導致PAX6α細胞靶基因的失調和相應的α細胞功能障礙,包括胰高血糖素的分泌減弱。
這些發現揭示了胰腺lncRNA可以通過調控廣泛表達特異性轉錄因子的細胞來協調葡萄糖穩態的獨特機制。
據悉,許多研究證實了胰高血糖素分泌失調在高血糖症和糖尿病中的作用。因此,了解胰島α細胞發育和功能機制對於發現新的糖尿病治療方法具有重要意義。
附:英文原文
Title: The Long Noncoding RNA Paupar Modulates PAX6 Regulatory Activities to Promote Alpha Cell Development and Function
Author: Ruth A. Singer, Luis Arnes, Yi Cui, Jiguang Wang, Yuqian Gao, Michelle A. Guney, Kristin E. Burnum-Johnson, Raul Rabadan, Charles Ansong, Galya Orr, Lori Sussel
Issue&Volume: 10 October 2019
Abstract:
Many studies have highlighted the role of dysregulated glucagon secretion in the etiology of hyperglycemia and diabetes. Accordingly, understanding the mechanisms underlying pancreatic islet α cell development and function has important implications for the discovery of new therapies for diabetes. In this study, comparative transcriptome analyses between embryonic mouse pancreas and adult mouse islets identified several pancreatic lncRNAs that lie in close proximity to essential pancreatic transcription factors, including the Pax6-associated lncRNA Paupar. We demonstrate that Paupar is enriched in glucagon-producing α cells where it promotes the alternative splicing of Pax6 to an isoform required for activation of essential α cell genes. Consistently, deletion of Paupar in mice resulted in dysregulation of PAX6 α cell target genes and corresponding α cell dysfunction, including blunted glucagon secretion. These findings illustrate a distinct mechanism by which a pancreatic lncRNA can coordinate glucose homeostasis by cell-specific regulation of a broadly expressed transcription factor.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.09.013
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell-metabolism/fulltext/S1550-4131(19)30516-9