關於益生菌的21個驚人事實
1) Probiotics In Our Body Outweigh Our Brain1.益生菌在我們體內的重量超過我們的大腦
The typically human brain weights about 3 pounds, and a healthy human body will have over 3.5 pounds of probiotic bacteria and organisms (according to Casey Adams Ph.D. The fact that our heart weights only 0.7 pounds, our liver weights about 4 pounds, makes our probiotic bacteria one of the largest organs in our body.
一般人的大腦重量約3磅，一個健康的人體將有超過3.5磅的益生菌和生物體（根據凱西亞當斯博士的事實，我們的心重量只有0.7磅，我們的肝臟重約4磅，使益生菌成為我們身體最大的器官之一。
2) There Are 10 Times More Probiotics Than Cells In Our Body2.超過10倍細胞數的益生菌在我們身體裡面
In a healthy person, there are more than 100-300 Trillion probiotic bacteria and yeast, compared to only 10 trillion cells in our body. According to Mary Ellen Sanders, if the bacteria in our body were laid end to end, they would encircle the globe 2.5 times.
一個健康的人，有超過10-30兆益生菌和酵母，而只有1兆個細胞在我們的身體。據瑪麗艾倫桑德斯，如果在我們的身體裡的細菌被首尾相連，他們將環繞地球的2.5圈。
3) The Probiotics Market Is Huge3）益生菌市場是巨大的
According to MARKETSandMARKETS, probiotics is a 16 billion dollar market. Moreover, as of 2008, there were more than 500 probiotic food and beverage products have been introduced in the last decade. And these numbers are only expected to grow as holistic health treatments become ever more pervasive.
據MARKETS and MARKETS，益生菌是一個160億美元的市場。此外，截至2008年，在過去的十年，有超過500種益生菌食品及飲料產品已經推出。而這些數字預計將繼續增長，因為只有全面的健康治療將變得更加普遍。
4) Probiotics Live Throughout Our Entire Body (Not Just Our Stomach!)4.益生菌活在我們的整個身體裡面（不只是我們的肚子！）
The largest number of probiotics live in the colon, but billions also live in the mouth, oral cavity, nasal cavity, the esophagus, around the gums, in the pockets of our pleural cavity (surrounding our lungs). They dwell within our stomach, our intestines, within the vagina, around the rectum. within joints, under the armpits, under the toenails, between the toes, urinary tract, inside our urinary tract and many other places!
最大數量的益生菌住在結腸，但也有數十億住在口腔、鼻腔、食道、牙齦的周圍，在我們胸膜腔的口袋（肺的周圍）。它們住在我們的胃、我們的腸道內、陰道、直腸周圍。在關節、腋窩下、在腳趾甲、腳趾間、尿路、尿路內和許多其他地方！
5) The Appendix Is Not Useless – It Incubates Probiotics5.盲腸也不是一無是處 - 其中孕育益生菌
In the past, the appendix was largely thought to be useless. Appendicitis, a life-threatening condition, would call for removal of the appendix. In 2007, Randal et al. at Duke University conducted research into the vermiform appendix. The researchers observed that when the body was under attack by pathogens, the appendix would release probiotic bacteria that would perfectly counter the specific type of invaders. The appendix does this by releasing them into the cecum when the body is infected.
在過去，闌尾，主要是認為是無用的。闌尾炎，在危及生命的情況下，將要求切除闌尾。2007年，蘭德爾等人在杜克大學進行的研究進入闌尾。研究人員發現，當人體被病原體攻擊下，闌尾會釋放益生菌，將完美地對付特定類型的入侵者。當人體感染時，闌尾釋放他們進入盲腸。
6) Probiotics Fight Cancer, Colds and Constipation6.益生菌對抗癌症、感冒和便秘
It may not surprise you to hear that probiotics can reduce constipation (Italy, Amenta et al. 2006). But what may surprise you, is that probiotics play a role in cancer. They have been shown stimulate production of anti-cancer chemicals (Hatakka et al. 2008). The probiotics, Lactobacillus casei, have also been shown in Tokyo to reduce the risk of bladder cancer, depending on frequency and dosage (Ohashi et al.2002).
Numerous probiotics have been shown to fight viruses such as colds, the flu, rotavirus, herpes and ulcers. In New Delhi, 100 children ages 2-5 were given L. acidophilus for 6 months. These children have fewer incidences of colds, flu, diarrhea and fever than the placebo group (Saran et al. 2002).
聽到益生菌可減少便秘，它可能不會令你感到驚訝（義大利，Amenta 等 2006）。但可能會令你感到驚訝的是，益生菌對癌症也會發揮作用。他們已被證明刺激生產抗癌的化學品（Hatakka 等 2008）。在東京益生菌、乾酪乳桿菌，也被證明，可以減少患膀胱癌的風險，這取決於頻率和劑量（大橋等 2002）。許多益生菌已被證明對抗病毒，如感冒、流感、輪狀病毒、皰疹和潰瘍。在新德裡，100個2-5歲兒童分別給予L.acidophilus 6個月。這些兒童的感冒，流感，腹瀉和發燒發病率少於安慰劑組（薩仁山等 2002）。
7) There Are More Than 100 (known) Benefits To Taking Probiotics7.食用益生菌已知有超過100種益處
According to the book, Probiotics by Casey Adam Ph.D., there are more than 100 benefits to supplementing with probiotics. Hundreds of studies have shown different species of probiotics have different health benefits (see the full list of probiotic benefits here).
However, we must take these probiotics in their proper context. For example, almost every probiotic study requires the patient to take large, therapeutic doses, for at least two months. Often times, the studies conferred the benefits after an entire year of daily, large dose supplementation.
據由凱西亞當博士著作的"益生菌"這本書，補充益生菌有超過100種效益。數以百計的研究表明不同種類的益生菌賦予不同的健康益處。
但是，我們必須在正確的角度服用這些益生菌。例如，幾乎每個益生菌研究都會要求病人服用大劑量治療，至少兩個月。很多時候，研究賦予的好處都是整整一年的每日大劑量補充之後。
8.益生菌負責我們70％的免疫反應
According to Casey Adams Ph.D., probiotics play a role in 70-80% of our immune response. Probiotics stimulate everything from T-cells to macrophages. Probiotics also activate cytokines and phagocytic cells to coordinate the immune response.
據亞當斯凱西博士，益生菌發揮我們在70-80％的免疫反應作用。益生菌刺激了從 T細胞巨噬細胞。益生菌還能激活細胞因子和吞噬細胞來協調免疫反應。
9) Probiotics Produce Antibiotic Chemicals9.益生菌生產抗生素化學品
In the book Probiotics, Protection Against Infection, Casey Adamas writes:
「To protect against pathogens, [probiotics] will produce a number of natural antibiotics designed to reduce the populations of [pathogenic bacteria]…」Moreover, these antibiotic substances are perfectly tuned to kill the invading pathogens. And if the pathogens become resistant to that chemical, then the probiotics will change strategies and produce a new, more effective antibiotic chemical.
Contrast this dynamic probiotic strategy to our static, oral antibiotics which must be phased out every few years (as pathogens evolve antibiotic resistance). While we may be able to continue to discover new antibiotic substances, nature will always win in the long term. The bacteria will always evolve resistance. This is illustrated by the fact that bacteria can even survive in nuclear waste!
在"益生菌"書中，《保護免受感染》，凱西阿達瑪斯寫道：「為了防止病原體，『益生菌』將產生一定數量的天然抗生素，以減少『病原菌』的數量 ... ...」
此外，這些物質可以完全調整抗生素以殺死入侵的病原體。而如果病原體產生耐藥性，益生菌會改變策略，並產生一個新的、更有效的抗生素的化學物質。
益生菌這個動態策略對比我們的靜態方法，口服抗生素必須每隔數年淘汰（如病原體進化成抗藥性）。雖然我們也許能夠繼續發現新的抗生素藥物，但自然會一直贏在前面。細菌會永遠發展出抗藥性。這說明了一個事實，細菌甚至可以生存在核廢料裡面！
10.抗生素徹底摧毀我們身體的免疫系統
It is well known that antibiotics kill bacteria and can make us better. But what isn’t well known, is that antibiotics also kill our good bacteria. Since probiotics comprise 70-80% of our immune response, antibiotics will kill our immunity.
The moment our probiotics are gone, opportunistic parasites, fungi and pathogenic bacteria rush in to fill the ecological void. Moreover, this use of antibiotics will create drug resistant bacteria that can’t be defeated by antibiotics.
眾所周知，抗生素能殺死細菌，可以使我們更好。但是，不為人熟知的是，抗生素也殺死我們好的細菌。由於益生菌佔我們的免疫反應70-80％，抗生素會殺死我們的免疫力。
我們的益生菌都死了，投機取巧的寄生蟲、真菌和致病細菌會搶在填補生態空白。而且，使用抗生素會造成細菌耐藥，使得抗生素無法擊敗。
11.益生菌輕易殺死抗藥性細菌
The use of antibiotics can create antibiotic resistant, super bugs. In fact, MRSA (multi-drug resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is immune to many different antibiotics…and in some cases they are immune to all antibiotics known to man.
However, probiotics can defeat these super bugs with ease. Probiotic bacteria and pathogenic bacteria have been fighting for billions of years. And healthy humans have the perfect environment for probiotic bacteria to beat pathogenic bacteria. The fact that humans have been surviving before the invention of antibiotics is proof of how powerful probiotics are.
其實，使用抗生素會造成抗藥性的超級細菌，MRSA（多藥耐藥金黃色葡萄球菌）免疫於許多不同的抗生素... ...，在某些情況下，它們是免疫所有人類已知的抗生素。
然而，益生菌能自如地擊敗這些超級細菌。益生菌和致病菌一直爭取數十億年。而健康人有完善的益生菌環境可以擊敗致病細菌。事實上，人類已經存活抗生素髮明之前，是證明益生菌有多麼強大。
12.益生菌將成為 21世紀的抗生素
Valery V. Smirnov writes,
「… 21st century probiotics will successfully rival traditional drugs on the pharmaceutical market, especially those used for disease prevention purposes…」The profound point Dr. Smirnov is making is that probiotics will be the antibiotics of the 21st century. This is because their effective medical implementation will revolutionize our perspectives on disease in the way antibiotics did before.
瓦列裡五斯米爾諾夫寫道：「... ... 21世紀益生菌將成功的對抗傳統藥物的醫藥市場，特別是那些用於預防疾病的目的... ...」
斯米爾諾夫博士點的深刻的是，益生菌正將成為 21世紀的抗生素。這是因為它們的有效使用，將徹底改變我們的醫學觀點以前抗生素那樣對疾病的方式。
13. 400菌株的益生菌活在我們的身體
According to numerous research studies, there are well over 400 probiotic strains resident in our bodies. Some of these probiotics are permanent residents, and others are transient. Interestingly, only 20 strains account for 75% of the mass of bacteria that live in our bodies.
Numerous scientists also argue that the combined DNA of our probiotic residents are more important to our survival than our own DNA.
根據許多調查研究，有超過 400菌株益生菌居住在我們的身體。其中一些益生菌是永久居民，而其它一些是暫時的。有趣的是，只有20株佔75％的大規模的細菌，生活在我們的身體。
許多科學家也認為，我們結合DNA的居民益生菌比我們自己的DNA的生存更重要的。
14.益生菌是使我們健康的細菌也是真菌
The World Health Organization probiotics definition is 「live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host.」 These probiotic organisms can be yeasts (fungi), good bacteria or even organisms commonly found in soil.
The deference between normal pathogenic bacteria or candida and probiotics, is that the probiotic organisms have a symbiotic relationship with our bodies. Our bodies and probiotic organisms have formed a mutual defense treaty. And while we are extremely fearful of bacterium and fungi, specific probiotics strains are very beneficial to our health.
世界衛生組織對益生菌的定義是「受益賦予在健康的身體上活的微生物。」這些益生菌生物可以是酵母（真菌）、良好的細菌甚至普遍存在於土壤中的生物體。
益生菌不同於正常致病細菌或念珠菌，益生菌與我們身體的生物體有一種共生關係。我們的身體和益生菌微生物，形成了共同防禦條約。雖然我們非常害怕細菌和真菌，但益生菌菌株是非常具體的有利於我們的健康。
15.益生菌食品已使用了數千年
photo credit
There are numerous traditional probiotic foods that are extremely tasty and healthful. These foods have been restoring health for millennias.
Foods like natto, miso, kimchi, tempeh, sauerkraut, kefir, kombucha and lassi all have very rich cultural heritages and medicinal benefits.
有許多傳統的益生菌的食物是非常美味和健康。這些食品數千年來帶給我們健康。
食品如納豆、味噌、泡菜、豆豉、酸菜、酸牛奶、紅茶菌和lassi（奶昔）都有著非常豐富的文化遺產和藥用好處。
16.益生菌可降低乳糖不耐症
In a 1996 study, Jiang et al. studied milks containing B. Longum grown in a medium rich in lactose. He found that when lactose intolerant individuals consumed this special milk, they showed significantly fewer symptoms of lactose intolerance. They have been numerous studies that have shown probiotics to be helpful in decreasing lactose intolerance.
在1996年的研究中，有人研究了含有豐富的乳糖牛奶含有B.Longum生長。他發現，當乳糖不耐個人使用的這種特殊奶粉，他們表現出顯著減少乳糖不耐症的症狀。他們已經有許多研究顯示益生菌是有助於減少乳糖不耐症。
17) Are You Getting Your Vitamins? Better Get Your Probiotics.17.食用益生菌優於食用維生素
It has been proven that probiotics produce a huge number of vitamins, such as:
So perhaps the need for B-vitamin supplementation is really a call for proper probiotic colonization. I look forward to the day when probiotic companies and organic food companies put vitamin companies out of business.
Additionally, probiotics also increase the digestibility, bioavailability and processing of a large number of nutrients, including:
copper
calcium
magnesium
iron
manganese
potassium
zinc
proteins
fats
carbohydrates
sugars
milk
phytonutrients
cholesterol
These lists are both by Casey Adams, Ph.D. in his book, 「Probiotics – Protection Against Infection」.
事實已證明，益生菌產生大量的維生素，如：維生素 A維生素 K維生素 B1 - B3，B5，B7，B9，B12必需脂肪酸
因此，也許需要對 B族維生素的補充，來至於適當益生菌菌落群。我期待著有一天，當益生菌公司和有機食品企業讓維生素公司歇業。
此外，益生菌還可增加消化率，生物利用度和處理大量的營養物質，包括：銅鈣鎂鐵錳鉀鋅蛋白質脂肪碳水化合物糖牛奶植物營養素膽固醇
這些名單都是來自於凱西亞當斯，博士 在他的書中，「益生菌 - 保護免受感染。」
18.補充益生菌不會留在體內
It is interesting to note that no study has shown supplemented probiotic strains remain in the body for more than two weeks. At the National University of Signapore, Mah et al. infants were given probiotic supplements for the first 6 months of her life. During these 6 months of supplementation, the supplemented probiotic strains were present in the infants』 feces. However, within weeks of stopping the supplementation, the probiotic strains were no longer found in the feces.
These results of this study and the results of other research suggest that supplemented probiotics assist the our native probiotic strains. The foreign probiotic strains form a beachhead for our own native probiotics, and allow our probiotics to proliferate. This situation is analogous to a foreign arming invading a country, fighting one 「evil」 faction, and allowing another 「good」 faction time to proliferate.
有趣的是，沒有研究顯示補充益生菌株會留在體內超過兩個星期（新加坡國立大學，Mah等），嬰幼兒她的生活給予益生菌補充劑的前6個月。在這6個月的補充，補充益生菌株存在於嬰兒的糞便。然而，在數周停止補充後，糞便不再發現益生菌株。
本研究這些結果和其他研究結果表明，補充益生菌協助我們的本地益生菌菌株。外來的益生菌菌株形成灘頭堡給我們自己的本地的益生菌，並讓我們的益生菌增殖。這種情況類似於外國武裝入侵一個國家，對抗一個「邪」派，並讓另一個「好」派時間有時間擴散。
19. 陰道生產，是我們的第一個劑量的益生菌
It’s no secret that a healthy, loving mother is key to a healthy child. And a healthy mother will have a vagina lined with probiotics to fend off invaders. What isn’t well known, is that when a baby experiences a vaginal birth, the baby gets it first dose of probiotics. In fact, 60% of vaginal births will give infants their first probiotic inoculation of Bifidus Infantis. However, only 1% of cesarean section births will give infants B. Infantisinnoculation, according to 「Probiotics」 by Casey Adams.
After getting a dose of probiotics from vaginal birth, consumption of breast milk gives more probiotic inoculation. In fact, mother’s colostrum has up to 40% probiotic content.
這已經不是什麼秘密，一個健康的孩子，一個健康、有愛心的母親是關鍵。而一個健康的母親都會有陰道內益生菌抵禦入侵者。不為人熟知的是，當一個嬰兒的誕生經歷了陰道，嬰兒得到它首次劑量的益生菌。事實上，60％的陰道分娩會給他們的第一個嬰兒益生菌Bifidus Infantis。然而，只有1％的剖腹產分娩會給嬰兒Bifidus Infantis，根據凱西亞當斯的「益生菌」。
除了獲得從陰道分娩的益生菌，哺餵母乳提供了更多的益生菌。其實，母親的初乳有高達 40％益生菌含量。
20.益生菌對嬰兒是有益的
In a 2004 study, Saavedra et al. gave infants, average age 2.9 months, B. lactisor S. thermophilus for 210 days. The infants who were given the probiotics have a lower frequency of colic and needed fewer antibiotics compared to the control group.
In an Estonian study by Vendt et al. 2006, preterm infants L. rhamnosus GG until they were six months old. The infants given probiotics had grown more than the placebo group.
在2004年的研究，薩維德拉等人給了嬰兒，平均年齡2.9個月，B.lactis或S.thermophilus 210天。分別給予益生菌的嬰兒有較低的絞痛頻率，需要較少的抗生素相比於對照組。
在接受愛沙尼亞研究Vendt 等 2006年，給早產兒L.rhamnosus GG GG直到他們六個月大。給予益生菌的嬰兒增長超過安慰劑組。
21. 益生菌對於女性的健康至關重要
Both oral probiotics and douching supplementation can prevent and cure vaginitis and vaginosis. An interesting study on probiotics and vaginosis was conducted in a 2007 by the University of Milan (Drago et al).They found that after a 6 day daily douche of Lactobacillus acidophilus and Lactobacillus paracaseiF19, 92.5% of women had their vaginosis cured. The fishy order was cured in all women. The pH levels of women were normalized to 4.5 in 34 out of 40 women.
Probiotics has also been shown to reduce mastisis.
口頭補充益生菌和衝洗可以預防和治療陰道炎和陰道病。由米蘭大學（德拉戈等）在2007年進行的一個有趣的研究益生菌和陰道病，他們發現，經過6天Lactobacillus acidophilus 和 Lactobacillus paracasei F19的日衝洗，92.5％的婦女其陰道病治癒。異味則是所有婦女都治癒。40名婦女中有34名婦女的pH值維持在正常化4.5。
益生菌也被證明可以減少乳腺炎