考研英語高分秘籍：考研閱讀——如何快速了解主題信息

考研英語中，閱讀理解4篇文章，20道選擇題，總計40分，佔據考研英語的半壁江山，其重要程度可想而知。

如果考研英語想要拿到一個理想的分數，那麼閱讀理解這個模塊的分數就不能太低。今天，我們就來看看考研英語中閱讀題目的考察本質。

閱讀理解的題型雖有多種(可以細分為主旨題、例證題、推理題、態度題、細節題、詞義題、句子理解題、判斷題)，但包括細節題的大多數題目對於文章的考察多多少少都和主旨相關，因為細節服務主旨，段落主旨服務文章主旨。

所以，從宏觀上了解文章的主旨、段落的主旨，可以幫助我們更好地做題。那麼如何快速了解文章主旨呢?

方法1: 文章的題目中如果重複出現一些詞，那這些詞基本就能夠體現文章主題信息。

e.g. 2004年text1:

21. How did Redmon find his job?

22. Which of the following can be a disadvantage of search agents?

23. The expression 「tip service」 (Line 3, Paragraph 3) most probably means

24. Why does CareerSite’s agent offer each job hunter only three job options?

25. Which of the following is true according to the text?

這篇文章的題目中重複出現了job和agent，由此推測文章主題應是通過agent之類的途徑找工作。

還有選項中如果有高頻出現的詞，也可以提示主題信息。

e.g. 2008 text1

21. Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs?

[A] Women are biologically more vulnerable to stress.

[B] Women are still suffering much stress caused by men.

[C] Women are more experienced than men in coping with stress.

[D] Men and women show different inclinations when faced with stress.

22. Dr. Yehuda’s research suggests that women .

[A] need extra doses of chemicals to handle stress

[B] have limited capacity for tolerating stress

[C] are more capable of avoiding stress

[D] are exposed to more stress

由題目中高頻出現的women和stress不難推測文章主題是和女性壓力相關的內容。

方法2: 當題目中沒有明顯重複出現的信息時，可以結合文章首尾段了解主題。大部分文章的開頭段落都是開門見山解釋主題的，少部分是鋪墊，主題會放在在後面。

但文章最後一段基本都是能夠呼應主題，體現作者觀點態度的，所以可以結合首尾段了解文章主題。

e.g. 2007年text3

這篇文章從題目中無法看出主題詞，我們就從首位段了解下文章主題:

首段: During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.

尾段：From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more financial responsibility, and a good deal more like a frightening acceleration of the wholesale shift of financial risk onto their already overburdened shoulders. The financial fallout has begun, and the political fallout may not be far behind.

首段2句話表明美國中產階級從之前經濟狀況能夠保持穩定到現在因為經濟風險和新的現實狀況而導致經濟狀況非常不穩定。

尾段2句話表明從中產階級家庭的角度看，這一現象根本不像是履行更多經濟責任的機會，而是把經濟風險大規模轉移到他們肩膀上的加速過程。這一看法也暗含美國政府在處理經濟風險上的政策的傾向性。

所以本文主要在講美國中產階級的經濟狀況面臨危機。了解到主題之後，再來看題目，抓住了主旨，有些題目的幹擾性就可以直接排除了。

32. As a result of President Bush’s reform, retired people may have

[A] a higher sense of security.

[B] less secured payments.

[C] less chance to invest.

[D] a guaranteed future.

此題一看，A和D選項基本可以排除了，因為和主題基調相反，剩下B、C選項再拿到原文進行比對就可以了。

35. Which of the following is the best title for this text?

[A] The Middle Class on the Alert

[B] The Middle Class on the Cliff

[C] The Middle Class in Conflict

[D] The Middle Class in Ruin

這一題也能夠快速選出答案為B(處於危險邊緣的中產階級)。