提示：下面對斯提芬·金的介紹來自其同名網站：https://stephenking.com/the_author.html
導讀： 史蒂芬·金，1947年出生於美國緬因州一貧困家庭。幼年時父母離異，和哥哥一起由其母親帶大。日子並不好過。
上過文法學校，後在州立大學學習英國文學。畢業後，本有資格任職高中教師，但因身體原因，未能如願。
1971年和Tabitha Spruce結婚後，靠在洗衣店打工、給男性雜誌如《花花公子》投稿等維持家用。另外，也被學校聘用，成為一名老師。
1974年，斯提芬·金的第三部恐怖小說《嘉莉》成為暢銷書，使得他終於可以擺脫經濟困境。之後，他創作的小說，本本都是暢銷書。 其中，最受好評的有《閃靈》、《肖申克的救贖》、《末日逼近》、《死光》、《綠裡奇蹟》、《暗夜無星》等。
史蒂芬·金是當今世界上讀者最多的美國小說家，被譽為「現代恐怖小說大師」，作品數十年來總銷量超過3億5千萬冊，幾乎每一部小說都被好萊塢搬上大銀幕，他本人也名利雙收，成為作家群體中首屈一指的億萬富翁。
Stephen Edwin King was born in Portland, Maine in 1947, the second son of Donald and Nellie Ruth Pillsbury King. After his parents separated離異when Stephen was a toddler幼童, he and his older brother, David, were raised by his mother. Parts of his childhood were spent in Fort Wayne, Indiana, where his father's family was at the time, and in Stratford, Connecticut. When Stephen was eleven, his mother brought her children back to Durham, Maine, for good永遠. Her parents, Guy and Nellie Pillsbury, had become incapacitated with old age, and Ruth King was persuaded by her sisters to take over接管 the physical care照顧身體 of the elderly couple這對老伴. Other family members provided a small house in Durham and financial support. After Stephen's grandparents passed away離世, Mrs. King found work in the kitchens of Pineland, a nearby residential facility住宅 for the mentally challenged弱智.
Stephen attended the grammar school上文法學校 in Durham and then Lisbon Falls High School, graduating in 1966. From his sophomore year大二那年at the University of Maine at Orono, he wrote a weekly column每周專欄 for the school newspaper校報, THE MAINE CAMPUS. He was also active in student politics, serving as a member of the Student Senate學生議會. He came to support the anti-war movement反戰運動 on the Orono campus, arriving at his stance立場 from a conservative view保守觀點 that the war in Vietnam was unconstitutional違憲的. He graduated from the University of Maine at Orono in 1970, with a B.A.英語學士學位 in English and qualified有資格的 to teach on the high school level在高中階段. A draft board examination immediately post-graduation畢業後 found him 4-F on grounds of high blood pressure高血壓, limited vision視力不好, flat feet扁平足, and punctured eardrums穿刺耳膜.
He and Tabitha Spruce married in January of 1971. He met Tabitha in the stacks藏書架 of the Fogler Library at the University of Maine at Orono, where they both worked as students以學生身份工作. As Stephen was unable to find placement實習工作 as a teacher immediately, the Kings金家這小兩口lived on靠……為生his earnings收入 as a laborer體力勞動者 at an industrial laundry洗衣店, and her student loan and savings, with an occasional boost from a short story短篇小說 sale to men's magazines.
Stephen made his first professional short story sale ("The Glass Floor") to Startling Mystery Stories in 1967. Throughout the early years of his marriage在結婚後的頭幾年, he continued to sell stories to men's magazines. Many of these were later gathered into the Night Shift守夜 collection or appeared in other anthologies選集.
In the fall of 1971, Stephen began teaching high school English classes at Hampden Academy, the public high school in Hampden, Maine. Writing in the evenings and on the weekends晚上和周末寫作, he continued to produce short stories and to work on novels.
In the spring of 1973, Doubleday & Co. accepted the novel Carriefor publication. On Mother's Day of that year, Stephen learned from從……處得知his new editor at Doubleday, Bill Thompson, that a major paperback平裝書 sale would provide him with the means to leave teaching and write full-time.
At the end of the summer of 1973, the Kings moved their growing family to southern Maine because of Stephen's mother's failing health健康每況愈下. Renting租住a summer home避暑別墅 on Sebago Lake in North Windham for the winter, Stephen wrote his next-published novel, originally titled Second Coming and then Jerusalem's Lot, before it became 'Salem's Lot, in a small room in the garage車庫. During this period在此期間, Stephen's mother died of cancer, at the age of 59.
Carrie《嘉莉》他的第一本暢銷書was published in the spring of 1974. That same fall, the Kings left Maine for Boulder, Colorado. They lived there for a little less than a year, during which Stephen wrote The Shining, set in Colorado. Returning to Maine in the summer of 1975, the Kings purchased a home in the Lakes Region of western Maine. At that house, Stephen finished writing The Stand, much of which also is set in Boulder. The Dead Zonewas also written in Bridgton.
In 1977, the Kings spent three months of a projected預期的year-long stay in England, cut the sojourn旅居 short and returned home in mid-December, purchasing a new home in Center Lovell, Maine. After living there one summer, the Kings moved north to Orrington, near Bangor, so that Stephen could teach creative writing創意寫作 at the University of Maine at Orono. The Kings returned to Center Lovell in the spring of 1979. In 1980, the Kings purchased a second home in Bangor, retaining付定金保留 the Center Lovell house as a summer home.
Stephen and Tabitha now spend winters in Florida andthe remainder of the year一年的其他時間 at their Bangor and Center Lovell homes.
The Kings have three children: Naomi Rachel, Joe Hill and Owen Phillip, and four grandchildren.
Stephen is of Scots-Irish ancestry祖先, stands 6'4" and weighs about 200 pounds. He is blue-eyed, fair-skinned白膚色的, and has thick, black hair, with a frost of white most noticeable in his beard, which he sometimes wears between the end of the World Series and the opening of baseball spring training in Florida. Occasionally hewears a moustache留點鬍子 in other seasons. He has worn glasses since he was a child.
He has put some of his college dramatic society experience to use doing cameos小品文in several of the film adaptations改編 of his works as well as a bit part in a George Romero picture, Knightriders. Joe Hill King also appeared in Creepshow, which was released in 1982. Stephen made his directorial debut導演處女作, as well as writing the screenplay劇本, for the movie Maximum Overdrive (an adaptation of his short story "Trucks") in 1985.
Stephen and Tabitha provide scholarships獎學金 for local high school students and contribute捐獻 to many other local and national charities慈善機構.
Stephen is the 2003 recipient獲得者 of The National Book Foundation Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters and the 2014 National Medal of Arts.
Originally written by Tabitha King, updated by Marsha DeFilippo.
人物評價：
"現代驚悚小說大師。"(《紐約時報》評)
"史蒂芬·金是美國當代的狄更斯。一位傑出的作家。"(《星期日泰晤士報》評)[21]
"他的作品繼承了美國文學注重情節和氣氛的偉大傳統，體現出人類靈魂深處種種美麗和悲慘的道德真相"。(美國國家圖書基金會評)[22]
史蒂芬·金本身就是一個按照暢銷規律設計作品的作家，他走的一直是大眾的路線，按照好萊塢的模式在寫小說，這個作家才氣足夠，他是具有駕馭文學的本領的。(新星出版社社長謝剛評)
因為史蒂芬·金不僅僅要求簡單的吸引讀者，講一個恐怖故事，而是強調當代社會生活深層次的東西，他對於生活的反思在大眾文學當中算是優秀的作家。(中國作家協會網絡文學負責人、類型文學研究者馬季評)[23]