腸道微生物或可防輻射
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/10/31 21:53:33
美國北卡羅萊納大學教堂山分校Jenny P. Y. Ting研究組,利用輻射倖存者的多組學分析發現能夠輻射保護的微生物和代謝物。這一研究成果發表在2020年10月30日出版的《科學》上。
研究人員調查了從高劑量輻射中恢復到正常壽命的小鼠種群。這些「精英倖存者」擁有獨特的腸道菌群,這些菌群在輻射後壯大,並在無菌和常規飼養的小鼠中免受輻射引起的損害和死亡。細菌類群Lachnospiraceae和Enterococcaceae成員的豐度升高與放射後造血功能恢復和胃腸道修復有關。研究人員還發現這些細菌在接受放療的白血病患者中更為豐富,並且這些患者還表現出較輕的胃腸道功能障礙。
在這項研究中,代謝組學揭示了精英倖存者糞便中微生物來源的丙酸和色氨酸代謝產物的濃度增加。這些代謝物的使用可引起長期的放射防護,減輕了造血和胃腸症候群,並降低了促炎反應。
研究人員介紹,電離輻射會導致急性輻射綜合症,從而導致造血、胃腸道和腦血管損傷。
附:英文原文
Title: Multi-omics analyses of radiation survivors identify radioprotective microbes and metabolites
Author: Hao Guo, Wei-Chun Chou, Yunjia Lai, Kaixin Liang, Jason W. Tam, W. June Brickey, Liang Chen, Nathan D. Montgomery, Xin Li, Lauren M. Bohannon, Anthony D. Sung, Nelson J. Chao, Jonathan U. Peled, Antonio L. C. Gomes, Marcel R. M. van den Brink, Matthew J. French, Andrew N. Macintyre, Gregory D. Sempowski, Xianming Tan, R. Balfour Sartor, Kun Lu, Jenny P. Y. Ting
Issue&Volume: 2020/10/30
Abstract: Ionizing radiation causes acute radiation syndrome, which leads to hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and cerebrovascular injuries. We investigated a population of mice that recovered from high-dose radiation to live normal life spans. These 「elite-survivors」 harbored distinct gut microbiota that developed after radiation and protected against radiation-induced damage and death in both germ-free and conventionally housed recipients. Elevated abundances of members of the bacterial taxa Lachnospiraceae and Enterococcaceae were associated with postradiation restoration of hematopoiesis and gastrointestinal repair. These bacteria were also found to be more abundant in leukemia patients undergoing radiotherapy, who also displayed milder gastrointestinal dysfunction. In our study in mice, metabolomics revealed increased fecal concentrations of microbially derived propionate and tryptophan metabolites in elite-survivors. The administration of these metabolites caused long-term radioprotection, mitigation of hematopoietic and gastrointestinal syndromes, and a reduction in proinflammatory responses.
DOI: 10.1126/science.aay9097
Source: https://science.sciencemag.org/content/370/6516/eaay9097
Science:《科學》,創刊於1880年。隸屬於美國科學促進會,最新IF:41.037