在前幾篇的講義中，我們介紹了上海高考英語的「難」及備戰的宏觀建議，下面我們將針對高考英語的真題的命題和解題作系列講義，僅供有主動願意跳出學習「舒適區」而勇敢挑戰高考「恐慌區」的同學。
一、簡介
在2020年上海高考英語備戰中，你不要處在學習「舒適區」而低效重複的涮的「1模」和「2模」以獲得所謂「量」的成就感，而不去面對新高考英語外刊閱讀的「質」硬核，勇於挑戰高考英語的「學習區」和「恐慌區」，實現自己理想大學的目標。如下圖所示。
注意：這裡建議同學們刷徐匯、浦東、楊浦和閔行四大區的一二模，主要是因為這四個大區的學生的「清北復交」的錄取的學生人數多，學生的水平高，自然相應的統考試卷難度就會與高考英語的難度一致。而且高三學習的時間非常緊張，必須注重效率和質量，才能獲取好的成績。
二、完形填空的命題和解析
刷真題的方式直接決定你學習的效果和信心，為了幫助同學們提供更加詳解的真題刷題方式，我們將以2019年6月上海高考英語中的完形填空為例。從語篇材料的來源、語篇難度、考點設置等角度進行闡釋。
1.語篇來源
本篇語料選擇國外BBC上的關於書法的文章，語篇來源為
http://www.bbc.com/future/story/20171108-the-uncertain-future-of-handwriting
原語篇還原後成為考題為
變成word
We're told that writing is dying. Typing on keyboards and screens (41) ______ written communication today. Learning cursive, joined-up handwriting was once (42) ______ in schools. But now, not so much. Countries such as Finland have dropped joined-up handwriting lessons in schools (43) ______ typing courses. And in the US, the requirement to learn cursive has been left out of core standards since 2013. A few US states still place value on formative cursive education, such as Arizona, but they're not the (44) ______.
Some experts point out that writing lessons can have indirect (45) ______. Anne Trubek, author of The History and Uncertain Future of Handwriting, argues that such lessons can reinforce a skill called automaticity. That’s when you』ve perfected a task, and can do it almost without thinking, (46) ______ you extra mental bandwidth to think about or do other things while you’re doing the task. In this sense, Trubek likens handwriting to (47) ______.
「Once you have driven for a while, you don't (48) ______ think 『Step on gas now』 [or] 『Turn the steering wheel a bit』,」 she explains. 「You just do it. That's what we want children to (49) ______ when learning to write. You and I don't think 『now make a loop going up for the 'l'』 – or "now look for the letter 『r』 on the keyboard』. Trubek has written many essays and books on handwriting, and she doesn’t believe it will die out for a very long time, 「if ever」. But she believes students are learning automaticity faster with keyboards than with handwriting: students are learning how to type without looking at the keys at (50) ______ ages, and to type faster than they could write, granting them extra time to think about word choice or sentence structure. In a piece penned (if you』ll pardon the expression) for the New York Times last year, Trubek argued that due to the improved automaticity of keyboards, today’s children may well become better communicators in text as (51) ______ takes up less of their education. This is a(n) (52) ______ that has attracted both criticism and support.
She explains that two of the most common arguments she hears from detractors regarding the decline of handwriting is that not (53) ______ it will result in a 「loss of history」 and a 「loss of personal touch」.
On the former she (54) ______ that 95% of handwritten manuscripts can’t be read by the average person anyway – 「that’s why we have paleographers,」 she explains, paleography being the study of ancient styles of writing – while the latter refers to the warm (55) ______ we give to handwritten personal notes, such as thank-you cards. Some educators seem to agree, at least to an extent.
41.A.abandonsB.dominatesC.entersD.absorbs42.A.compulsoryB.opposite C.crucial D.relevant 43.A.in want ofB.in case ofC.in favour ofD.in addition to44.A.quantityB.minimumC.qualityD.majority45.A.responsibilityB.benefitsC.resourcesD.structure 46.A.grantingB.gettingC.bringingD.coming47.A.sleepingB.drivingC.reviewing D.operating48.A.eventually B.constantlyC.equivalently D.consciously49.A.adoptB.reachC.acquireD.activate50.A.slower B.later C.fasterD.earlier51.A.handwritingB.addingC.formingD.understanding52.A.trustB.lookC.viewD.smile53.A.containingB.spreadingC.choosingD.protecting54.A.commitsB.countersC.completesD.composes55.A.associationsB.resourcesC.proceduresD.interactions2.語篇難度
將原語篇輸入閱讀指數分析，我們可以發現：語篇的閱讀指數為70，此範圍屬於閱讀指數的60-70 標準（standard）的範圍。粗略看起來文章不難。難點在於約390詞左右，31個左右的句子，平均每個句子約14個單詞，每個單詞約5個單詞。但是你會發現本篇文章中超長句子。
3.考點分析
解析：3.1考綱考點分布名詞(5個）
動詞（6個）
形容詞（2個）
副詞（1個）
短語（1）
majority
benefits
handwriting
view
associations
acquire
dominates
granting
driving
protecting
counters
compulsory
earlier
consciously
in favour of
完型填空的考點以名動形副的實詞作為主要考查點，其中名詞5個，動詞6個，形容詞2個，副詞1個，介詞短語1個。
3.2核心考點（13個核心詞，變形拓展後為66）dominate favour majority benefit grant
drive conscious acquire view protect
counter associate compulsory
1.dominate
dominated
dominating
dominates
domination
2.favour
favorable
favorably
favored
favoring
favors
unfavored
unfavourable
unfavourably
unfavoured
3.majority
majorities
major
4.benefit
benefited
benefiting
benefits
beneficial
beneficially
5.grant
granted
granting
grantor
grants
drive
drove
driven
driving
drives
driver
7.conscious
consciously
consciousness
unconscious
unconsciously
unconsciousness
8.acquire
acquired
acquirer
acquires
acquiring
unacquired
9.associate
associated
associates
associating
association
associative
associatively
10.view
viewable
viewed
viewer
viewing
views
11.protect
protected
protecting
protection
protectionism
protectionist
protective
protectively
protector
protects
12.counter
countered
countering
counters
13.compulsory
compulsorily
3.3 核心詞案例
1.dominate
They don't actually dominate as much as we think they do.
他們實際上並不像我們想像的那樣主導一切。（2019普陀一模）
2.favour
There are many arguments in favour of homework, and most teachers would agree with many.(2017長寧一模）
贊成家庭作業的論據很多，大多數老師都同意很多。
Many people say that they are in favour of the green movement.
許多人說他們支持綠色運動。(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷11）
3.majority
Here are some life lessons which people will learn the hard way in majority of cases.（2019閔行一模）
這是一些生活經驗教訓，在大多數情況下，人們將從中吸取教訓。
The vast majority of Americans spend more time feeling guilty about flossing.(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷11）
絕大多數美國人花更多的時間對牙線潔牙感到內疚。
4.benefit
A devoted religious person was hoping to benefit from the curing powers of the monument.
一個虔誠的宗教人士希望從這座紀念碑的治療力量中獲益。(2010上海春考）
Remember, rules and regulations are made for your own benefit and safety.
記住，制定規章制度是為了你自己的利益和安全。
There are a number of other health benefits associated with pet ownership.
養寵物還有很多其他的健康好處。(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷2）
5.grant
Please grant me the words to touch just one person' life.
請允許我說的話只觸及一個人的生活。（2018徐匯一模）
To ensure balance the central government was granted the right to tax the production of goods.(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷9）
為確保平衡，中央政府有權對商品生產徵稅。
drive
Practicing ambitiously would be a driving force of women approaching the success.
有抱負地練習將是女性走向成功的驅動力。(2018閔行一模）
Emissions from residential heating and cooking drive air pollution by creating unhealthy quantities of smoke.(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷7）
住宅供暖和烹飪產生的排放物通過產生不健康的煙霧來驅動空氣汙染。
7.conscious
They can become strong allies of the school personnel or they can consciously or unconsciously hinder and frustrate curricular objectives.
他們可以成為學校工作人員的強大盟友，也可以有意識或無意識地阻礙和挫敗課程目標。（2013金山一模）
It can be assumed that anyone who has made the choice to be conscious wants to be a civil person.(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷19）
可以假設，任何做出有意識選擇的人都想成為一個文明人。
8.acquire
We must acquire a strong self image and sense of self-acceptance.
我們必須獲得強烈的自我形象和自我接受感。
One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it.(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷8）
最近對聯覺的研究重點之一是確定非聯覺者是否能獲得聯覺。
9.associate
If you associate with distinguished people, you are likely to find yourself with better opportunities.
如果你與名人交往，你會發現自己有更好的機會。（2017松江二模）
In other words, associations worry that housing prices will fall if prospective buyers think their would-be neighbors are too poor to afford dryers.
換言之，協會擔心，如果潛在買家認為他們的鄰居太窮，負擔不起烘乾機，房價會下降。
The American Dental Association has called flossing an essential part of taking care of your teeth and gums.
美國牙醫協會稱牙線是照顧牙齒和牙齦的重要部分。(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷11）
10.view
Others did not view me in the way I had come to view myself.
其他人並沒有像我這樣看待我自己。
There are groups of people who oppose this view and who do not believe either in examinations or in any controls in school or on teachers.
有些人反對這種觀點，他們既不相信考試，也不相信學校或教師的任何控制。（2014上海秋考）
From the point of view of evolution, human beings are very young indeed, babies of a few months old.(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷5）
從進化的角度來看，人類的確很年輕，只有幾個月大的嬰兒。
11.protect
This is of great scientific value for studying and protecting biodiversity and environmental changes on the earth.（2019普陀二模）
這對研究和保護地球上的生物多樣性和環境變化具有重要的科學價值。
Around the Earth, there is a thin layer of ozone, a kind of gas protecting us from many of the harmful rays of the sun.
在地球周圍，有一層薄薄的臭氧層，一種保護我們免受太陽有害射線傷害的氣體。(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷15）
counter
The negative effects of sitting too much cannot be countered with a good diet.坐得太多的負面影響不能用良好的飲食來抵消。(2014崇明二模）
Pause, then perform the circles in counter clockwise motion.
暫停，然後逆時針旋轉。(2019上海市高考英語教學質量評估試卷）
13.compulsory
This is a compulsory requirement imposed by the education department.
這是教育部門的強制性要求。（2019青浦二模）
4.配套鞏固練習
（A）基礎測評
(A)
請在橫線上填寫斜體字在句子或短語中的含義：
1. drop
v.
1) Be careful not to drop that plate. _______________
2) The temperature has dropped considerably. ____________
n.
1) Could I have a drop more milk in my coffee, please? ____________
2) Aid agencies are organizing food drops to civilians in the war zone. _________
（B）能力測評
請翻譯對應的中文或英文：
1. the advantages of good optimal effect _________
2. 增加額外的強度 ____________
3. be drilled through the side of the head __________
(C) 培優測評
請將下面的句子翻譯成中文或英文：
1. That’s when you』ve perfected a task, and can do it almost without thinking, granting you extra mental bandwidth to think about or do other things while you’re doing the task.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
2. She explains that two of the most common arguments she hears from detractors regarding the decline of handwriting is that not protecting it will result in a 「loss of history」 and a 「loss of personal touch」.
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
3. 在風中繞來繞去的環，它把發電機的中心設置在產生電流的情感中。
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
參考答案
(A) 基礎測評
請在橫線上填寫斜體字在句子或短語中的含義：
1. drop
v.
1)（意外地）落下，掉下，使落下
2) (使）變弱，降低，減少
n.
1) 少量；微量；一點點
2) 運送；空投
（B）能力測評
請翻譯對應的中文或英文：
1效果最好的優勢
2. give the extra strength
3. 從頭部側面鑽穿
(C) 培優測評
請將下面的句子翻譯成中文或英文：
1.這時你已經完善了一項任務，並且幾乎可以不用思考就完成它，給你額外的思維空間去思考或做其他事情。
2.她解釋說，她從批評者那裡聽到的關於筆跡衰落的兩個最常見的論點是，不保護筆跡將導致「失去歷史」和「失去個人接觸」。
3. The loop around in the wind, which sets the center of the generator in emotion producing electric current.
以上內容節選自2020《上海高考英語真題解析》，
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通過這種的真題來源的語篇原文、語篇的閱讀指數分析、語篇的考點分析和語篇的配套的三層測評檢驗來刷真題，將會是另外一種學習效果。這也就是為什麼人們常說：「你刷十套模擬不如刷一套真題」！！！