和WHO藍皮書的翻譯系列類似，原案例報導的英語原文在前（並有蘋果綠底色），中文翻譯在後。
【第一篇】
這是2015年7月2日《BLOOD》雜誌「IMAGES IN HEMATOLOGY」欄目中的案例，小編將進行翻譯。
原文截圖：
A 37-year-old woman initially presented with pancytopenia and found to have leukopenia (2.1 × 10e3/uL) with 13% atypical promyelocytes, anemia (hemoglobin of 6.8 g/dL), and thrombocytopenia (41 000 per uL).
【翻譯】患者女，37歲，初診表現為全血細胞減少，白細胞減低（2.1 × 10e9/L），其中13%為不典型的早幼粒細胞；貧血（血紅蛋白68g/L）；血小板減少（41 × 10e9/L）
The atypical promyelocytes were medium to large in size with frequent bilobed nuclei, fine chromatin, and abundant cytoplasmic granules with occasional Auer rods.
【翻譯】這些不典型的早幼粒細胞，胞體中等或大，胞核多分為雙葉，核染色質細緻，胞質富含顆粒，偶見棒狀小體。
She was diagnosed with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) following a bone marrow (BM) biopsy.
【翻譯】經骨髓活檢，她被診斷為急性早幼粒細胞白血病。
Molecular studies confirmed the unique (15;17) chromosomal translocation.
【翻譯】分子檢查證實了異常的15號和17號染色體易位。
She was admitted and started on all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) therapy.
【翻譯】她被收治入院，並開始行全反式維A酸治療。
On day 16 of her hospitalization and treatment, her peripheral blood smear showed hypogranular neutrophils with decreased secondary granules and cytoplasmic inclusions consistent with Auer rods.
【翻譯】在她入院治療的16天，外周血塗片可見顆粒缺失、特異性顆粒減少的成熟中性粒細胞，其胞質中含有符合棒狀小體特點的內含物
ATRA is used as a therapeutic agent in patients with APL to induce the differentiation of leukemic cells.
【翻譯】全反式維A酸用作急性早幼粒細胞白血病患者的治療藥物，它能誘導白血病細胞的分化。
Neutrophils in the BM and blood of patients during ATRA treatment occasionally contain Auer rods, consistent with their derivation from leukemic cells.
【翻譯】在全反式維A酸治療期間，骨髓和外周血中的成熟中性粒細胞偶見含棒狀小體，與其來源（白血病細胞）相吻合。
Although ATRA is effective in inducing differentiation of APL cells, it is incapable of inducing complete neutrophil morphologic maturation.
【翻譯】儘管全反式維A酸對誘導急性早幼粒細胞白血病細胞的分化成熟非常有效，但它對誘導成熟中性粒細胞的形態完全成熟依然無能為力。
In addition to APL, Auer rods in neutrophils are also described in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) t(8;21), AML with maturation, and mixed lineage leukemia.
【翻譯】根據報導，除了急性早幼粒細胞白血病，成熟中性粒細胞中出現棒狀小體還可見於急性髓系白血病伴t(8;21)，急性髓系白血病伴成熟型（相當於FAB的AML-M2），以及混合系列白血病。
【第二篇】
這是2018年10月刊登在《British Journal of Haematology（英國血液學雜誌）》上的一篇案例報導，作者是中國醫科大學附屬盛京醫院和（美國）杜克大學醫療中心，小編將進行翻譯。
原文截圖：
A 25-year-old male presented with epistaxis and was found to have pancytopenia (WBC, 1.9 × 10e9/L; haemoglobin concentration, 69 g/L; platelet count, 8 × 10e9/L).
【翻譯】患者男，25歲，因鼻出血和全血細胞減少入院（白細胞1.9 × 10e9/L，血紅蛋白69 g/L，血小板 8 × 10e9/L）
A peripheral blood film showed severe neutropenia with 94% lymphocytes.
【翻譯】外周血塗片鏡檢：嚴重的中性粒細胞減少，淋巴細胞佔94%。
Laboratory evaluation demonstrated evidence of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy with a D-dimer of 11 670 ng/ml fibrinogen-equivalent units (FEU) (reference <500 ng/ml FEU).
【翻譯】實驗室檢查發現彌散血管內凝血的證據，D-二聚體11 670 ng/ml（FEU），參考範圍是＜500 ng/ml (FEU)。
Bone marrow examination demonstrated markedly increased promyelocytes with an immunophenotypic profile and morphology suggestive of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL).
【翻譯】骨髓檢查發現早幼粒細胞明顯增多，其免疫表型和形態學提示為急性早幼粒細胞白血病。
The diagnosis was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with PML-RARA fusion seen in 87.5% of the interphase nuclei.
【翻譯】螢光原位雜交（FISH）發現87.5%的核分裂象間期細胞具有PML-RARA融合，證實了APL的診斷。
Chromosomal analysis detected an abnormal karyotype with evidence of t(15;17)(q24.1;q21.2).
【翻譯】染色體檢查為異常核型t(15;17)(q24.1;q21.2)。
All-trans-retinoic acid (tretinoin) therapy was initiated at a dose of 45 mg/m^2 and arsenic trioxide was added 3 days later.
【翻譯】（患者）開始了劑量為45 mg/m^2的全反式維A酸（維甲酸）治療，並在3天後增加了三氧化二砷。
Ten days after starting treatment, peripheral leucocytes had increased to 7.2 × 10e9/L, and a blood film showed 60–70% neutrophils and their precursors.
【翻譯】治療10天後，外周血白細胞計數升高至7.2 × 10e9/L，血塗片中可見60-70 %的成熟中性粒細胞及其前體細胞。
Interestingly, rare neutrophil band forms contained multiple Auer rods (images).
【翻譯】值得一提的是，（血塗片中）罕見的出現了含有數根棒狀小體的中性杆狀核粒細胞（附圖）。
These cells with bundles of stick-like Auer rods resembled faggot cells, except that they were apparently mature neutrophils rather than the abnormal promyelocytes typically seen in APL.
【翻譯】這些細胞具有束狀、柴棍樣的棒狀小體，似柴捆細胞，只不過這些棒狀小體出現在成熟中性粒細胞中，而不是急性早幼粒細胞白血病時典型的異常早幼粒細胞中。
One month after treatment, bone marrow examination demonstrated trilineage haematopoiesis with maturation with no abnormal promyelocytes being detected.
【翻譯】治療1個月後，骨髓檢查顯示三系血細胞生成伴成熟，未見到異常早幼粒細胞。
Chromosomal analysis showed a normal male karyotype, and FISH revealed PML-RARA fusion in 0.5% of the interphase nuclei.
【翻譯】染色體檢查為正常男性的核形，螢光原位雜交（FISH）僅發現0.5%的核分裂象間期細胞具有PML-RARA融合。
While mature neutrophils with single or dispersed Auer rods have been described in cases of APL with ongoing tretinoin therapy, 「faggot」 neutrophils are extremely rare.
【翻譯】先前已有報導，進行維甲酸治療的急性早幼粒細胞白血病患者，成熟中性粒細胞中可見到一個或散在的棒狀小體，但柴捆樣的成熟中性粒細胞極為罕見。
By recruiting co-repressors, the PML-RARA fusion oncoprotein in APL binds to genes that regulate myeloid differentiation and constitutively blocks their expression, resulting in maturation arrest at the promyelocytic stage.
【翻譯】通過招募共同阻遏物，急性早幼粒細胞白血病中的PML-RARA融合蛋白綁定於調節髓系細胞分化的基因，結構性的阻礙其表達，最終導致（髓系細胞）的成熟阻滯於早幼粒細胞階段。
The disease had a dismal prognosis until the discovery of tretinoin.
【翻譯】在發現維甲酸（的治療作用）前，急性早幼粒細胞白血病的預後很差。
Tretinoin directly targets the molecular foundation of the disease by interacting competitively with the PML-RARA oncoprotein, releasing the genetic repression and allowing cellular differentiation to proceed.
【翻譯】維甲酸通過競爭性的影響PML-RARA融合蛋白，直接靶向作用於該病的分子學基礎，消除其基因抑制作用，使細胞分化得以繼續。
Although the drug does not directly induce apoptosis of leukaemic promyelocytes, the differentiated leukaemic cells lose their potential to replicate and are continuously driven to their maturation before eventual apoptosis.
【翻譯】儘管該藥不是直接誘導白血病性早幼粒細胞凋亡，但進一步分化的白血病細胞失去了複製的潛能，並在最終的凋亡前被連續不斷的驅使分化。
The 「faggot」 neutrophils in this case demonstrate the terminal differentiation of leukaemic promyelocytes, the result of 「differentiation」 therapy rather than persistent disease.
【翻譯】該案例中柴捆樣的成熟中性粒細胞證實了白血病性早幼粒細胞的終末分化，是「分化」治療的結果，而非疾病依然存在的結果。