SRPX2可防止發育過程中補體介導的突觸消除
作者:
小柯機器人發布時間:2020/7/15 15:47:44
美國德克薩斯大學聖安東尼奧健康科學中心Gek-Ming Sia研究小組發現,內源性神經元補體抑制劑SRPX2可防止發育過程中補體介導的突觸消除。相關論文於2020年7月13日發表在《自然-神經科學》雜誌上。
研究人員發現sushi結構域蛋白SRPX2是一種神經元表達的補體抑制劑,可調節補體依賴性突觸消除。SRPX2直接與C1q結合併阻斷其活性,SRPX2-/Y小鼠會發生C3沉積增加和小膠質突觸吞噬。這些小鼠還表現出突觸數量短暫減少、外側膝狀核中視網膜新生軸突分離增加。在體感皮層中,SRPX2-/Y小鼠表現出丘腦皮質突觸數量減少和脊椎修剪增加。
C3-/-;SRPX2-/Y雙敲除小鼠具有與C3-/-小鼠相關而非SRPX2-/Y小鼠相關的表型,這表明C3對於SRPX2介導的突觸消除作用是必需的。總之,這些結果表明SRPX2保護突觸免受丘腦和皮層中補體介導的消除。
據悉,補體介導的突觸消除是腦發育和神經系統疾病的重要過程,但是尚不清楚神經元是否表達保護突觸免受補體介導突觸消除的補體抑制劑。
附:英文原文
Title: The endogenous neuronal complement inhibitor SRPX2 protects against complement-mediated synapse elimination during development
Author: Qifei Cong, Breeanne M. Soteros, Mackenna Wollet, Jun Hee Kim, Gek-Ming Sia
Issue&Volume: 2020-07-13
Abstract: Complement-mediated synapse elimination has emerged as an important process in both brain development and neurological diseases, but whether neurons express complement inhibitors that protect synapses against complement-mediated synapse elimination remains unknown. Here, we show that the sushi domain protein SRPX2 is a neuronally expressed complement inhibitor that regulates complement-dependent synapse elimination. SRPX2 directly binds to C1q and blocks its activity, and SRPX2/Y mice show increased C3 deposition and microglial synapse engulfment. They also show a transient decrease in synapse numbers and increase in retinogeniculate axon segregation in the lateral geniculate nucleus. In the somatosensory cortex, SRPX2/Y mice show decreased thalamocortical synapse numbers and increased spine pruning. C3/;SRPX2/Y double-knockout mice exhibit phenotypes associated with C3/ mice rather than SRPX2/Y mice, which indicates that C3 is necessary for the effect of SRPX2 on synapse elimination. Together, these results show that SRPX2 protects synapses against complement-mediated elimination in both the thalamus and the cortex.
DOI: 10.1038/s41593-020-0672-0
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-020-0672-0