英語動詞- 你會借東西嗎 Confusing English Verbs LEND & BORROW

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Hello! I'm Emma from mmmEnglish!

Welcome back to another lesson about confusing English verbs because some English verbs are quite similar, and sometimes it's hard to know which one is the right one to use.

嗨，我是艾瑪，歡迎來到mmmEnglish！

歡迎回到另外一節關於令人困惑的英語動詞的課程，因為很多英語動詞看起來都很像，有時候很難搞清楚到底應該用哪一個。

Last week, I talked about the verbs, 'been' and 'gone'. In this lesson, I'll be talking about the verbs 'to lend' and 'to borrow'.

上周，我說了動詞，『been』和『gone』。在本節課程中，我會討論動詞『lend』和『borrow』。

And they're confusing because the meanings happen to be very similar but different.

But don't worry, in this lesson, I'll be sharing some tips to help you use these verbs correctly and remember which one is the correct one to use.

它們確實會讓人困惑，因為它們的意思非常相似，但是卻並不相同。

但是別擔心，在本節課程中，我會分享一些幫助你正確使用這些動詞，記住哪個才是正確的小技巧。

Just like the difference between been and gone, the main difference between 'to lend' and 'to borrow' is the direction of the action. Okay, so what do these verbs actually mean?

就像『been』和『gone』之間的區別一樣，『lend』和『borrow』之間的區別也是動作的方向。好的，所以這兩個動詞到底是什麼意思呢？

'To lend' means to give something to someone for a short period of time and you expect to get it back again. I'll lend you some money when I get paid.

『lend』的意思是把某件東西短暫地給某個人，而且你會期待他/她還回來。當我拿到薪水，就借給你點錢。

He lent his car to a friend for the weekend. It's important to note that with this verb, there is a difference between British and American English.

他把他的車借給了一個朋友周末開。很重要的是，要注意在英式英語和美式英語中，這個單詞存在著區別。

'Lend' is used in British English and instead, 'loan' is used in American English. Now, 'lend' is an irregular verb, so the past tense form becomes lent.

英式英語中用的是『lend』，而美式英語中用的是『loan』。『Lend』是一個不規則動詞，所以它的過去式是『lent』。

'Loan' is a regular verb so it becomes loaned in the past tense. Can you lend me some money?

『Loan』是一個規則動詞，所以它的過去式是『loaned』。你能借給我點錢嗎？

Can you loan me some money? Both of these sentences are the same.

你能借給我點錢嗎？這兩個句子意思都是一樣的。

Okay, so lend means to give something to someone for a short period of time and you can expect it back again.

Now, when we use borrow, we simply need to switch the action to the person who is receiving the item.

好的，所以『lend』的意思是把某件東西短暫地給某個人，你會期待著它會回到你的身邊。

好的，當我們使用『borrow』的時候，我們需要將動作轉移到接收到某件東西的那個人。

'To borrow' means to get something from someone with the intention of giving it back.

You don't plan to keep it and the person who gave it to you expects to receive it back again.

『借』的意思是從某個人那裡得到某件東西，而且會還給那個人。

你不會想要一直佔有它，那個給你的人也會想要你還回去。

Now, 'borrow' is a regular past tense verb, so we just need to add—ed to make it borrowed in the past tense. Right, so let me show you.

『Borrow』是個規則動詞，所以它的過去式直接加上——ed就可以，所以過去式就是borrowed。好的，讓我們一起來看看吧。

'Lend' is similar to 'give'. And 'borrow' is similar to 'take' or 'receive'.

『Lend』和『give』（給予）是相似的。而『borrow』和『take』（拿走）或者『receive』（接受）意思是相近的。

But both of these verbs mean that the action only happens for a short period of time. Let's take a closer look.

但是這兩個動詞都意味著，這個動作只發生在很短暫的一段時間。讓我們再來仔細看一下。

Can you lend me your car for the weekend? Can I borrow your car for the weekend?

你能借我你的車這周末開開嗎？我能借你的車這周末開開嗎？

These two sentences are describing exactly the same situation but from a different perspective.

The subject, so the person who is doing the action, is different in each sentence so the verb must be different too.

這兩個句子描述的都是同樣一種情況，但是視角卻是不同的。

兩個句子的主語，也就是執行動作的人是不一樣的，所以動詞應該也是不同的。

You can't say "Can I lend me your car for the weekend?" Because the car is not mine, so I can't lend the car to me or to anyone else for that matter.

你不能說：「我能借給我你的車這周末開開嗎？」因為車並不是我的，所以我不能把車借給我自己，或者是其他任何人。

You can only lend something if it belongs to you. You also can't say, "Can you borrow me your car?"

你只能借給別人本身就屬於你的東西。你也不能說：「你能向我借你的車嗎？」

And this is a really common mistake. The person who owns the car cannot borrow it.

這是個非常普遍的錯誤。擁有車的那個人不能向別人要求借車。

Getting the information about who's giving and who's taking something is really important when you're using these verbs.

So, let's make sure you're getting that part right.

當你使用這些動詞的時候，弄清楚誰借給誰這一點非常重要。

讓我們確保一下你理解了這部分吧。

So we have the subject and lend.

Now, remember, the subject is the person who is doing the action, so the person who is lending or who owns the object.

我們已經有了主語和「lend」。

記住，主語是執行動作的人，所以「借出」的這個人是擁有這個東西的。

We have subject with lend with our object pronoun and our object.

So the object pronoun tells us who is receiving the action.

我們這個句子有了主語、動詞「lend」，賓語代詞，以及這個物品。

賓語代詞能夠告訴我們動作的接受者。

Can you lend me some money?

Now, lend can also be directly followed by the object, but if you want to say who's receiving the action, you need to use the preposition, to.

你能借給我點錢嗎？

「Lend」後面可以直接加某件物品，但是如果你想說動作的接收方是誰的話，你需要使用介詞——to。

So subject, lend, object, to someone. Can you lend some money to me?

所以句子有主語，動詞lend，物品，和給某個人。你能借給我點錢嗎？

Now, when using 'borrow' you can't use an object pronoun after the verb. You can't say "Can you borrow me your car?"

當使用「borrow」的時候，你不能在動詞之後使用賓語代詞。你不能說「Can you borrow me your car?」

But you can use subject with 'borrow' and the object. Can I borrow a pen?

但是你可以使用主語、「borrow」和賓語。我能借一支鋼筆嗎？

And then you can add the preposition, 'from', and the person. Can I borrow a pen from you?

然後你可以加一個介詞from，以及那個人。你能借給我一隻鋼筆嗎？

Can you lend a pen to Paul? Okay, are you ready to practise with me?

你能借一支鋼筆給保羅嗎？好的，你準備好和我一起做練習了嗎？

Practise using 'lend' and 'borrow'. When I. . . you my hairdryer, you said you'd give it back!

使用「lend」和「borrow」進行練習。當我「......」給你我的吹風機的時候，你說你要還給我的啊！

When I lent you my hairdryer, you said, you'd give it back! Now, there's an object pronoun here, so it can't be 'borrow', can it?

當我「lend」（借）給你我的吹風機的時候，你說你要還給我的啊！現在有一個賓語代詞，所以不能用「borrow」是吧？

And also take note of the tense used in the second clause. The past simple. So your verb needs to reflect this.

注意一下第二個句子裡面使用的時態哦。是過去式，所以你的動詞要反映出這一點。

They said we could. . . their lawnmower. Which one is it?

他們說我們能「......」他們的割草機。這個應該填什麼呢？

They said we could borrow their lawnmower. Their lawnmower is not ours so it must be 'borrow'.

他們說我們可以「borrow」（借）他們的割草機。割草機不是我們的，所以一定是「borrow」。

He'll. . . him the money if he really needs it. He'll lend him the money if he really needs it.

如果他真的需要的話，他會「......」他錢的。如果他真的需要的話，他會「lend」（借給）他錢的。

So there's an object pronoun here, so it can't be 'borrow'. She asked me if she could. . . $500.

這裡有一個賓語代詞，所以不可能是「borrow」。她問我能不能「......」500美元。

She asked me if she could borrow $500. Now the clue here is in the verb 'asked'.

她問我能不能「borrow」（借）500美元。這裡的線索在動詞「asked」。

The person who is lending the item is not asking for it, are they? So it must be 'borrow'.

借給別人東西的人肯定不會是要東西的人，是吧？所以肯定是「borrow」（借）。

Okay, well, I hope that lesson was useful for you. Just remember that 'lend' is to give and 'borrow' is to take.

好的，希望你覺得這節課有用。只要記住「lend」是給予，而「borrow」是接受就好啦。

If you enjoyed this lesson, please subscribe to the mmmEnglish Channel just down there.

I make new English lessons every week and if you subscribe, you'll find out as soon as there's a new one.

如果你喜歡這節課的話，請點擊下方訂閱mmmEnglish哦。

我每周都會發布一些新的英語課程，如果你訂閱了的話，只要有新的視頻發布，你就可以看到啦。

So right now, you can keep practising with some of my other lessons right here.

Thanks for watching and I'll see you again next week.

所以現在你可以觀看我其他的課程進行練習啦。

謝謝觀看，下周再見啦。

Bye for now!

再見！