每日學英語，點藍字關注
End Your Confusion about Borrow and Lend
名師答疑：借入和借出
This week we answer a question we received in an email from Tina. She writes:
本周我們回復一封來自蒂娜的郵件中的一個問題。她寫道：
Question:
提問：
I just want to know how to use the words "borrow" and "lend" in a situation. Is it correct to say, "Could you lend me a pen?" or " Can I borrow your pen?" Thank you very much.
我想要知道在具體狀況下如何使用「borrow」和「lend」。「你能借給我一支鋼筆嗎？」或者「我可以借下你的鋼筆嗎？」這樣說對嗎？非常感謝！
Answer:
回覆：
These two words are a source of trouble for many English learners. The reason? They have about the same meaning, but each word's action goes in different directions.
這兩個詞是許多英語學習者的煩惱之源。原因在哪呢？它們的意思大致相同，但每個詞代表的作用方向不同。
Borrow means to take something from another person, knowing you will give it back to them.
Borrow（借入）是指從別人那裡拿來某物，知道你會把它還回去。
Lend means to give something to another person expecting to get it back.
Lend（借出）是指把某物給另一個人，並希望把它收回來。
So the sentences you asked about are both correct. Your choice of "borrow" or "lend" depends on which direction is more important to you.
所以你問到的句子都是正確的，選擇borrow還是lend取決於哪個方向更偏向於你。
Imagine yourself in the middle of the picture. Anything you "borrow" moves toward you. Things you "lend" go away from you.
假設你是這幅圖片中間的那個人。你借入的東西是朝你而來，你借出的東西是離你而去。
Notice that the prepositions that often follow the verbs are different. We borrow from someone, but we lend to someone.
請注意，這些動詞後面跟的介詞是不一樣的。我們從某人那裡借入（borrow from），但是我們是把某物借出給（lend to）某人。
Let's say you and I go shopping, Tina. I need to sign my name on a receipt, but I do not have a pen. So I ask you, "Can I borrow a pen?" I chose "borrow" because I am thinking of the action as it relates to me. You are a good friend, so you lend me the pen. I forget it is yours and I put it in my bag.
蒂娜，假設你跟我去購物。我需要在收據上簽名，但是沒帶筆。所以我問你：「我可以跟你借支筆嗎？」我用了borrow，因為我想的這個動作是跟我有關。你很好，所以你把筆借給我。我忘了筆是你的，把它放進了我的包裡。
Later, we meet a good friend and she asks for your email address. You search in your bag, but – no pen! You think, "I lent Jill my pen. And she didn't give it back to me." Now you are thinking of the action that you did. So, you can ask me, "Jill, do you remember that pen I lent you? I need it now."
隨後，我們遇見了一位好友，她要你的電子郵件地址。你在包裡找，但是找不到筆。你就想：「我把筆借給了吉爾，她沒有還給我。」這時候你想的是你做的動作。所以，你可以問我：「吉爾，你還記得我借給你的筆嗎？現在我要用了。」
I feel bad that I forgot to return the pen. I say, "Sorry, Tina! I forgot that I borrowed it. Here you are!"
我很抱歉忘了還筆了。我說：「對不起，我忘了我借筆了。還你！」
Be careful: personal pronouns like me, you, him and others never come after the verb "borrow," but it is correct to use them after "lend," as in, "Lend me a dollar for some ice cream."
注意：me、you、him以及others等人稱代詞不能跟到borrow後面，但是可以跟在lend後面。就像這句：「借我一塊錢買冰激凌。」
I hope this helps you understand "lend" and "borrow."
希望這些能夠幫助你理解lend 和borrow。
And that's Ask a Teacher!
以上就是本期名師答疑的全部內容。
I'm Jill Robbins.
我是吉爾·羅賓斯。
並設為星標⭐
更多資料等你來領
音標 | 謝孟媛 | 單詞|紀錄片
有聲書 | 演講