繼5月5日鄭州空姐搭乘滴滴順風車被殺事件之後,近日媒體又曝出8月24日浙江溫州樂清市女孩趙某乘坐滴滴順風車遭到強姦殺害,再次將滴滴推向輿論的風口浪尖,真是一波未平一波又起,媒體的報導也是鋪天蓋地。
從這些報導中我們可以看到,在表達「順風車」或「拼車」概念時,有些媒體使用的是carpooling,有些用的是ride-sharing,還有使用hitchhiking的。那麼,到底哪種用法正確?
By definition, carpooling or ride-sharing involves a driver using a vehicle on a one-way or round trip where the taking of passengers is incidental to the driver's purpose for the trip and where no fee is charged by or paid to the driver, owner or lessee of the motor vehicle for the passengers' transportation, except an amount to reimburse the expenses of operating the motor vehicle on a non-profit basis.
根據定義,順風車/拼車指的是司機在駕駛車輛單程或往返行駛中,順路搭載乘客的行為。乘客除向司機、車主或車輛承租人支付車輛運行所需的費用外,無需支付任何交通費,這是一種非營利性行為。
因此,順風車/拼車可以用carpooling或ride-sharing來表達。
敲黑板!!!小夥伴們注意了,carpooling、hitch-hiking和carsharing的概念可是不同的:
我們剛剛說了,carpooling或ride-sharing指的是只需支付行車成本如油費、車輛損耗費等費用的拼車行為,而我們在國外經常說的hitchhiking指的是完全免費搭乘別人的車,且搭車的這個行為是即時發生的(when the passenger bears no costs and the decision on sharing the trip is usually spontaneous),比如我們經常看見國外的背包客在高速公路上或荒郊野外伸出大拇指攔住過往車輛請求搭載一程。
carsharing就是目前在中國火起來的共享汽車,跟共享單車(bikesharing)的運營模式一樣,人們共享的商品是汽車本身,而不是同一行程(when the shared commodity is not a trip, but a car itself)。
有小夥伴可能要問了,「順風車」似乎是一個近些年才火起來的概念,那麼它是個新晉詞彙嗎?
Carpooling as an idea of sharing petrol and other expenses between passengers, has its origins in the 1920s with the emergence of the first cheap, affordable cars, WWII petrol shortages and the 1979 oil crisis in the US. After the oil prices dropped in the 1980s and the 1990s, so did the popularity of carpooling. In recent years, thanks to increased oil prices, ecological concerns, open borders and better connectivity via social media, carpooling has become popular again.
搭順風車或拼車指的是乘車人共同承擔油費和其他費用的行為,這個概念源於上世紀20年代,當時出現了第一批廉價的經濟車,隨後,二戰期間汽油短缺,1979年美國爆發石油危機。到了八九十年代,石油價格下降,拼車需求也隨之下降。近些年,隨著石油價格上漲、生態方面的考慮、邊境開放以及社交媒體促進互聯互通,拼車現象又開始流行起來。
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