大家好！我是Dolly。又到了分享實用有趣的英文乾貨的時光啦！最近我觀察了一位學員提交的作文，發現她在表示「這就意味著」或「換句話說」時，所用的表達竟然都是「This means that...」。那麼，這個表達是準確的嗎？另外，我們除了使用這個表達以外，還能如何換句話說「換句話說」呢？
今日，就讓我們一起弄清楚「換句話說」有關的各種表達吧！
1.
This means that...
That means...
, which means...
, which would mean that...
首先，我們先來認識一下前文那位學員常用的句型「This means that...」。在這個版本中，This表明前述內容（或上一句話的內容），而that之後所引導的則是一個賓語從句，為需要被具體轉述的內容。換句話說，我們可以使用「This means that...」來進行對前文「換句話說」哦！😄
請參考以下來自前雅思考官Simon的部分作文片段：
｜Secondly, people seem to be more ambitious nowadays, and they want a better quality of life for their families. This means that both parents usually need to work full-time, and they depend on support from grandparents and babysitters for child care.
｜On the other hand, some people argue that museums should focus on education. The aim of any exhibition should be to teach visitors something that they did not previously know. Usually this means that the history behind the museum's exhibits needs to be explained, and this can be done in various ways. Some museums employ professional guides to talk to their visitors, while other museums offer headsets so that visitors can listen to detailed commentary about the exhibition.
那麼，值得注意的是，「This means that...」還可以改成「That means...」、「meaning that...」、「which means (that)...」或「which would mean that...」的版本。但是使用後四者的時候，還是要稍微注意一下標點符號上的差別哦。請參考以下來自前雅思考官Simon的部分作文片段：
｜However, I would agree with those who believe that people are more independent these days. In most countries, families are becoming smaller and more dispersed, which means that people cannot count on relatives as much as they used to.
｜On the other hand, strict punishments can certainly help to encourage people to drive more safely. Penalties for dangerious drivers can act as a deterrent, meaning that people avoid repeating the same offence.
｜Finally, governments or local councils could reduce road accidents by investing in better public transport, which would mean that fewer people would need to travel by car.
在了解「by that I mean」這個短語之前，我們先充分認識
「I mean」這個表達。「I means」 is used to clarify or correct a statement or to introduce a justification or explanation.通過以上來自牛津字典的解析，可見「I mean」常常被用來表示
對前述內容的澄清或者更正，還可以表示對前述內容的辯解或解析。如果我們再加上「By that...」（通過那個），那麼「By that I mean」的整體意義則為「通過那個（部分/內容），我想說的是...」。自然而然，「By that I mean」就有了「換句話說」的意思了。
請參考以下來自Princeton Review託福作文範文中的一個段落：Another reason I'm against students being in control is that it means students won't study as much.
By that I mean if students get to pick the program, they'll only pick the areas they like. Maybe one student will only study history, another chemistry. This can be good, but a student should study all subjects. Teachers can make sure the students study everything and get a better education.
What is meant by that is...
What I'm trying to say is...「What is meant by that is...」這一組表達和前邊幾組不同的是，整個句子的主語是由what引導的主語從句而組成，來呼應上一句中需要被解析的內容（that）。總體翻譯為「前文所表達的是.../被前文所指示的意思是...」。當然，我們可以直接將其通俗易懂地翻譯成「換句話說」或「這就意味著」。而與「What is meant by that is...」相似的表達，還有「What I'm trying to say is (that)...」和「What I mean is (that)...」。只是前者通過被動句的方式，省去了發言方（即自己）的身份，相對而言會更正式並客觀一些。｜
What I mean is, someone promised to do something and failed.｜我的意思是，某人承諾不去做某事，最後還是去做了。｜
What I'm trying to say is that you're a workholic but I just want to live an ordinary life.｜我想說的是，你是工作狂但是我只想過平凡人的生活。除了以上幾組與「mean」有關的短語以外，我們還可以學習一些不通過「mean」這個單詞表示「換句話說」的方式哦！
「in other words」 means 「expressed in a different way; that is to say」.「in other words」想必是各位非常熟悉的表達，其字面意義也非常直白：「換言之；換其他單詞來進行表述」，而其英文解析也非常容易理解：「
以不同的方式進行表述；那也就是說...」。請參考以下來自前雅思考官Simon的部分作文片段：｜I would argue that equal rights and opportunities are not in conflict with people's freedom to succeed or fail.
In other words, equality does not mean that people lose their motivation to succeed, or that they are not allowed to fail.｜As people live longer and the populations of developed countries grow older, several related problems can be anticipated. The main issue is that there will obviously be more people of retirement age who will be eligible to receive a pension. The proportion of younger, working adults will be smaller, and governments will therefore receive less money in taxes in relation to the size of the population.
In other words, an ageing population will mean a greater tax burden for working adults. Further pressures will include a rise in the demand for healthcare, and the fact young adults will increasingly have to look after their elderly relatives.
就在上一組「in other words」的英文解析中，我們看到了「that is to say」的身影，這就意味著你還可以使用「that is」或者「that is to say」來表示「換句話說」。請看牛津字典對這個短語的詳細解析：「that is (to say)」 is used to introduce or follow a clarification, interpretation, or correction of something already said.可見，在剛剛表述完某些事情後，我們可以使用「that is」或「that is to say」，來對前述內容進行澄清、解析或更正。｜androcentric—
that is to say, male-dominated—concepts通過以上例子，不知道各位是否發現，原來在我們使用「that is」或「that is to say」時，它們的前部（或者前後）常常跟著破折號（dash）。在英文中，破折號的功能之一為表示
突出加以強調的話語或者引出補充說明的話語。所以，當我們需要對前述內容進行轉述，可以同時使用破折號進行突出補充說明的話語。
「i.e.」 means 「that is to say, which is used to add explanatory information or to state something in different words」.「i.e.」實際上是拉丁文「id est」的縮寫形式，表示「that is (to say)」的意思，通常被用來表示對前述內容進行增加解析信息，或者以不同的單詞來述說前文一樣的內容。
｜A walking boot that is synthetic,
i.e., not leather or suede
除了以上的6大組表達以外，其實你還有很多其他的選擇，比如www.myenglishteacher.eu還給出了以下表達：Let me put it to you this way, ...To put it another way, ...Let me paraphrase that, ...To put it differently, ...To put it in other words, ...What I wanted to say is ...Another way to say is that...所以，你會發現其實你有N種換句話說「換句話說」的方式哦！