近日,中國科學院昆明植物研究所楊祝良研究組描述發表了膨瑚菌科(Physalacriaceae)一新屬——刺孢傘屬(Cibaomyces Zhu L. Yang, Y.J. Hao & J. Qin),模式種為刺孢傘(C.glutinis Zhu L. Yang, Y.J. Hao & J. Qin),現知分布於中國和日本。刺孢傘意指該屬真菌的孢子有指狀刺突。該屬主要特徵為擔子果小型至中等,金錢菌狀至口蘑狀;蓋表膠粘;菌褶白色,褶緣褐色,彎生至稍延生,較稀;菌柄粘,密被氈狀鱗片;擔孢子薄壁,有指狀突起;囊狀體近柱狀、薄壁、被膠狀物質。基於nrLSU和ITS序列的分子系統學分析顯示,該屬的近緣類群為無褶傘屬(Gloiocephala)、擬蠟蘑屬(Laccariopsis)和根皮傘屬(Rhizomarasmius)。
膨瑚菌科(Physalacriaceae)真菌生境多樣,營養方式複雜,多數物種生長於腐木上,球果傘屬(Strobilurus)的種類大多只生長於松科植物的球果上,而蜜環菌屬(Armillaria)的種類則能與藥用植物天麻(Gastrodia elata)形成複雜的寄生和共生關係,在天麻栽培生產中具有重要的作用。該科真菌中含有大量經濟真菌,多數種可食,有的種可入藥。
該研究得到國家重點基礎研究發展計劃 (No.2014CB138305)、國家自然基金 (No.31170024)、中國科學院-國家外國專家局創新團隊國際合作夥伴計劃和中國科學院知識創新項目(No.KSCX2-EW-Z-9)的資助。研究結果發表在Phytotaxa上。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推薦的英文摘要
Phytoaxa doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.162.4.2
Cibaomyces, a new genus of Physalacriaceae from East Asia
Hao Yan-Jia, Qin Jiao, Yang Zhu-Liang
A new genus in Physalacriaceae, Cibaomyces, typified by C. glutinis, is described using morphological and molecular evidence. Cibaomyces is morphologically characterized by the combination of the following characters: basidioma small to medium-sized, collybioid to tricholomatoid; pileus viscid; hymenophore sinuate to subdecurrent, relatively distant, with brown lamellar edge; stipe sticky and densely covered with felted squamules; basidiospores thin-walled, ornamented with finger-like projections; cystidia nearly cylindrical, thin-walled, often heavily incrusted. Molecular phylogenetic analyses using DNA nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer region and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA loci indicated that Cibaomyces was related to Gloiocephala, Laccariopsis and Rhizomarasmius. A description, line drawings, phylogenetic placement and comparison with allied taxa are presented.